(1) injection method
Intramuscular injection: the injection site should be selected in a place where muscles are developed and nerves can be avoided, generally in the buttocks (between the waist angle, hip end and hip joint) or the neck side. The injection method is as follows: one hand separates the wool at the injection site and fixes its skin, and the other hand holds the syringe vertically or slightly obliquely to pierce the needle tip into the muscle, and then pulls back the syringe plug. If you don't draw blood, you can inject liquid medicine.
Subcutaneous injection: the injection site is generally selected in the hairless part of the neck or flank. Pick the skin of the injection site with the index finger and thumb of the left hand, hold the syringe with the right hand, make the skin form a 45-degree angle with the needle, quickly pierce the selected subcutaneous tissue of the skin fold, then relax the skin and inject the liquid medicine under the skin.
Intradermal injection: the injection site is generally selected at the hairless part of the inner tail. Pinch the skin of the injection site with the index finger and thumb of the left hand, hold the syringe with the right hand, make the skin basically parallel to the needle, relax the skin after the needle is inserted into the skin for about 1 cm, and inject the liquid medicine into the dermis.
Precautions for injection: ① Syringes, needles and injection sites must be strictly disinfected or sterilized to prevent infection; ② Before injection, the name, expiration date and dosage of the drug must be carefully checked, and at the same time, whether the liquid is turbid must be carefully observed; (3) The injection needle must be firmly pressed, the needle used must be sharp, and the air in the syringe must be exhausted; (4) Used syringes must be washed with water in time.
(2) Administration method
Mixed feeding: suitable for powder that is insoluble in water, has no peculiar smell or slight peculiar smell, and the dosage is not too large. The specific method is to divide the sheep into groups according to their physical strength, and then evenly mix the drugs weighed according to the number of sheep and the average dose each sheep should take into a concentrated solution, such as wheat bran, which tastes good and is easy to mix. After mixing, put it into the feeding trough and let the sheep eat it up. In order to prevent individual sheep from eating more, the trough must be spacious. At the same time, when feeding, the medicine in the tank is stirred evenly from time to time with a thin stick.
Take with water: it is suitable for drugs that are easily soluble in water, have no or slight odor, and have no strict requirements on dosage. Its administration method is also the simplest, and the medicine can be dissolved in water according to the required or required concentration for any sheep to drink.
Adding drugs to rubber balls or wine bottles: mix the drugs, inhale special rubber balls or put them into long-necked wine bottles for later use. Keep the sheep in Baoding and hold your head high. Break the sheep's mouth, insert the medicine (metal) mouth or bottle mouth of rubber ball into the sheep's mouth along the corner of the mouth, and take medicine one by one until it is full. If the sick sheep coughs, stop immediately, let go of the sheep's head and wait for it to calm down before taking it.
Gastric tube administration: it is suitable for oral drugs with excessive irritation to oral mucosa, large dose or large dilution. The method is to prepare the medicine first. After protecting the sheep, first put a wooden mouth opener (thin at both ends and thick in the middle) on the sheep, and then put the stomach tube into the sheep's throat from the central round hole of the mouth opener. When swallowing occurs, take the opportunity to push the stomach tube forward and enter the esophagus. If the gastric tube enters the esophagus, you can see or touch the shadow of the gastric tube sliding gradually at the neck. When you push forward, you will often feel that a small amount of gas is discharged after entering the rumen, and the gas discharge has no rhythm, which is inconsistent with breathing (the operator can hear it when his ear is close to the free end of the gastric tube). If you get into the trachea by mistake, the sick sheep will cough, struggle because they feel that their breathing is blocked, and the air will enter and exit the stomach tube rhythmically with their breathing. If so, the stomach tube must be pulled out and reinserted. When it is determined that the gastric tube has really entered the rumen, a funnel or a rubber ball is connected for drug perfusion. After the liquid medicine is filled, the free end of the gastric tube is folded and pinched and pulled out.
(3) Rumen contraction (rumen puncture)
It is one of the important first-aid measures when acute rumen pneumatosis is serious in sheep. The instrument used is a veterinary trocar (or injection needle number 16). The specific operation method is to clean the wool at the highest part of the left leg (rumen) of the affected sheep, disinfect it with iodine, and then suddenly pierce the assembled sterilized trocar or needle into the rumen in the direction perpendicular to the skin surface, extract the needle core, and exhaust gas along the cannula or needle. However, it must be noted that deflation must be slow to prevent the blood pressure of sick sheep from suddenly dropping and dying because of deflation too fast. After deflation, therapeutic drugs can be injected along the cannula or needle. Finally, pull out the cannula or needle, carry out strict disinfection, and stick the wound with adhesive tape.