I. Introduction

During the Warring States period, the theory of nine factions rose, and the princes competed for supremacy, attacking each other externally and strengthening control internally. When Zhuang Zisheng was in power, his body and mind were heavily bound and oppressed, so he wanted to seek absolute freedom, transcend all restrictions, and completely emancipate his spirit, so he had the idea of freedom.

"Xiaoyao" is a rhyme conjunction. It is equivalent to the so-called "freedom" today, but it means not serving things and not being trapped by things. Mr. Lin Jingyi said:

"Zhuangzi's sorrow on earth is nowhere to be found, so he is complacent, lofty and unrestrained, walking with heaven and earth and traveling with the creator to get bliss. A husband can be extremely free, and an unrestrained person can do whatever he wants, which is also called freedom today. 」

"Wandering freely" is the general program of Zhuangzi's philosophy, the ideal of life, a prayer for spiritual freedom, and a spiritual breakthrough from subjective material and objective reality. Therefore, the understanding of carefree travel is the key to understanding Zhuangzi. Zhuangzi's seven articles, that is, carefree travel as the center, Mr. Chen Pinqing said in the relationship of seven articles:

"Gai can get rid of the theory of things, depending on the unity of all things, and those who cherish virtue can enjoy it." Self-cultivation and self-cultivation, life and death depend on each other, and those who get the county solution can be happy all the year round. Although born in the world, but the heart is connected with the Tao, the virtual static should be things, so it can be born in the world. Filling in the virtue inside, testing the character outside, even means filling in the virtue inside, really killing, so as to achieve freedom. Learning heaven is nothing more than life and death, and it is the freedom of real people. Kevin·Z should do nothing, but let it go. Naturally, he is the emperor. This is the freedom of superiors and subordinates. It can be seen that carefree travel is the ultimate goal of Zhuangzi. 」

He also said: "those who can swim freely can be unified in the theory of one thing;" If the theory of things is consistent, then life is the main support; If you are born and raised, you can be born quietly in the world; Doing nothing in the world, its virtue is filled in, and it can be tested from the outside; If virtue is an external image, it can be slaughtered with the truth, taking Tao as the Sect; Self-willed and natural, both up and down are happy. 」

Zhuangzi's carefree travel is also a way of life sustenance. Confucianism is active in the world, and Buddhism is endless, which is the spiritual pursuit of people to settle down. The spiritual liberation symbolized by Zhuangzi's carefree travel has opened up a new road for the helpless people in the world, and endowed life under the heavy bondage of nature and society with the hope of freedom, so it is highly praised by future generations.

Therefore, this paper discusses the significance of Zhuangzi's "carefree travel", the content analysis of the article "carefree travel" and the realm of carefree travel. Thought is a preliminary understanding of Zhuangzi's philosophy.

Second, the meaning of "carefree"

Since Wei and Jin Dynasties, there have been many explanations for carefree travel, such as Xiang embroidery, Guo Xiang and Zhi Dun. This paper discusses the meaning of carefree travel from various schools in order to understand the original meaning of carefree travel and explain the evolution of Zhuang Xue's research.

(1) Xiang embroidery and Guo Xiang are at large:

"Shi Shuo Xin Yu Literature No.4" Liu Xiao notes the cloud of Xiang embroidery "Xiaoyao Tour";

"There are 90,000 people above Dapeng, which is the height of elm trees. Although the small ones are poor, let them be their own, and they will be happy if they share them. But there are many things, the same capital needs to be dealt with, and then it is easy to hear. Only when saints and things follow great changes in the dark can they keep communicating without waiting. Is it just a unique communication? If you don't lose what you are waiting for, you will be just like Datong. 」

This is the first explanation of the existing official annotation of Xiaoyao Tour. Xiang embroidery's interpretation of Zhuangzi's freedom should be understood through implicit experience, so he said in Zhuangzi's Freedom:

"Zhuangzi's carelessness, care about swimming, put evil and complacent, so the smallest, with the right points. A person with great prospects should be willing to return, but what he gave is not enough to say everything, so he can ignore it without damaging his grand purpose. 」

Xiang Xiu believes that any object in the universe, regardless of its size, can be at ease as long as it is suitable. This statement has been heard in contemporary times. Later, Guo Xiang promoted Xiang Yu, and explained his "Free Travel" as follows:

"Although husband is small and big, if he is placed in a complacent place, then things will let nature take its course, things can be divided and he will be at large. How can he win or lose in the meantime? 」

Once again:

"Big bird to half a year old, go to Tianchi to rest; When a bird flies halfway north, it grabs the elm tree and stops. This is more casual and appropriate than it can be. 」

"If the husband is small, the capital is not big, and the quality is not small. Therefore, there are points in reason, and there are points in things. Every thing that is sufficient is also economical. 」

"If you are satisfied with your sexual characteristics, although Dapeng can't blame birds, birds have no envy of Tianchi, but they are also unable to do so. So, although small and big, I am happy. 」

To sum up, we know that Xiang and Guo have two very important concepts in their interpretation of freedom: one is sexual self-sufficiency and the other is inaction. The so-called self-sufficiency, that is, although things are small but different, if they can be self-sufficient, Dapeng is not more expensive than birds, and birds do not envy Tianchi, but have more wishes, although small and big but different, and enjoy it. So push.