? If you have any questions, find "Du Niang"! So, I learned a lot about the amazing things in "Du Niang"!
? It turns out that "Zhou Baike" is a person's name and a great figure. Maybe many friends already know, you can laugh at my hindsight; For those friends who don't know this person yet, let me take you on the exploration journey of "Zhou Encyclopedia"!
"Zhou Baike"
? To understand the origin of Zhou Encyclopedia, let's start with Shen Congwen.
? Anyone who has read books knows that Shen Congwen is a famous writer. Someone must have gossiped about his wife. I just want to talk about his wife Zhang Zhaohe. It is one of the "four sisters of the Zhang family", and ranks third with the elder sister, the second sister and the younger sister. This "four sisters of the Zhang family" is a famous "talented woman", which was very famous at home and abroad at that time. Actually, I mainly want to talk about my second sister Zhang Yunhe. What is so special about her? She is Zhou Baike's wife. Then, in this way, Shen Congwen and this "Zhou Baike" became a bridge. Since you are not strangers, let's always talk and laugh together. The nickname "Zhou Baike" is actually given by Shen Congwen.
? So why did Shen Congwen give him this nickname? Because he learned a lot when he was a child, there is a book called Encyclopedia Britannica that will benefit him for life. He has a bookshelf filled with three rows of Encyclopedia Britannica, Chinese, English and Japanese from top to bottom.
? Zhou Baike once introduced the origin of his nickname in an article:
"The Father of Chinese Pinyin"
? How about being called "the father of Chinese Pinyin"?
? 1954 was invited by the China Character Reform Commission as a member of the Chinese Pinyin Scheme Committee because he had published some papers and books on Pinyin and Character Reform before. 1955 He put forward two standards for popularizing Putonghua: Putonghua is used as the campus language in Han schools all over the country, and Putonghua is used as the communication medium in national public activities. He also put forward three principles of Chinese Pinyin Scheme: Latinization, Phoneme and Spoken Language. 1958, the scheme of Chinese Pinyin was adopted by the National People's Congress; 1979-1982, participated in the meeting of the international organization for standardization, and promoted the international voting to adopt the Chinese Pinyin scheme as the international standard for spelling Chinese (ISO7098). After that, I continued to study the phonetic orthography based on characters, and formed the Basic Rules of Chinese Phonetic Orthography, which was published in 1988. Since 1950s, the editor-in-chief of Chinese Pinyin Vocabulary has become the basis of computer Chinese dictionary.
"It's11year old this year."
? 65438+1October 13 is the birthday of China, the "father of Chinese Pinyin". 20 16 years he 1 1 year. This old man is very interesting From the age of 80, he began to calculate his age from scratch. Then I thought about it and found that people have lived a lifetime longer than me, three years older than me.
? So, what is his way of longevity?
? I read the secret of his longevity in some articles:
Broad-minded
? When he was young, he was in poor health, had tuberculosis and suffered from depression. His wife, Zhang Yunhe, is also in poor health. When he and Zhang Yunhe got married, their old mother secretly found a fortune teller to tell their fortune, saying that the couple could only live to be thirty-five. He thinks this statement is very reasonable. It doesn't matter that he can't live in Takuya. He doesn't shy away from life and death. He always takes life lightly and doesn't worry about longevity. But now he is11years old, and his wife Zhang Yunhe is 93 years old. Why are two people in poor health, but they can live long? This is because they are not angry. He and Zhang Yunhe have been married for more than 70 years and have never quarreled. It is an exaggeration for two couples not to quarrel at all. They want to quarrel, but they don't shout abuse or quarrel for hours. Usually quarrel after three or two sentences. This noise doesn't hurt harmony, so their married life is very harmonious. He won't be angry about anything. This is his way of life. He looked down on fame and fortune and thought it was a thing apart from himself. He used to suffer from insomnia, so he couldn't sleep easily. Later, during the Cultural Revolution, he was sent to the countryside, but his insomnia was cured, and he will not suffer from insomnia until now.
Life should be simple and regular.
? He has "three noes": no will, no birthday and no New Year's Day. He thought it was troublesome and unnecessary. Daily life is getting simpler and simpler, and the needs of life are getting less and less. Sleeping, eating, reading and writing articles are his simple life now. I still want to drink a cup of black tea in the morning and afternoon. Dressing is easy. People will give him nice clothes, but he has no chance to wear them. Because I hardly go out, I wear it occasionally when I go out, and I feel uncomfortable wearing beautiful clothes. In life, he also has three rules: no eating, no smoking and no drinking. If you really want to drink, have some beer. When a guest comes, he wants to propose a cigarette. He bought good cigarettes, asked them to smoke, and didn't smoke himself. He never cared about keeping in good health and never knew why he could live so long. Once he went to the hospital for examination and filled out a form. He wrote that he was 97 years old. When the doctor saw him, he thought he had filled in the number backwards, so he changed 97 to 79. He said he was really 97 years old. The doctor was surprised and asked him the secret of longevity. He said, you are a doctor. How can you ask me?
Eat more vegetarian food, less meat and no supplements.
? After that, he began to think about how to live longer. After thinking about it, he summed it up: I live a regular life and don't eat indiscriminately. He said it was inspired by a doctor in Shanghai before. The doctor told him that most people didn't starve to death, but ate to death, which was unhealthy. First of all, don't eat supplements indiscriminately. There are many supplements given by others at home, but he doesn't eat them. Most of them are for relatives and friends. Secondly, don't "eat blindly" at banquets. Many people always try their best to eat so many delicious foods. In this way, one is that eating too much is not easy to digest, and the other is overnutrition, so there will be problems of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. So when someone invites you, he can put it off as long as he can, and all he can't put it off is eating a little vegetarian food. His diet is very light every day. Many meat dishes are not eaten, nor do they eat fried meat. They mainly eat eggs, vegetables, milk and tofu. But don't eat more milk and eggs, one egg a day. However, occasionally, we have to end the meatless diet. Last year, he was in poor health. After being hospitalized for a period of time, it gradually improved in September and June, 65438+ 10. At this time, he wants to eat roast duck. Then eat. During that time, he ate roast duck three times, hairy crabs several times and sea cucumbers with scallion oil. For the elderly, they should eat more when they have a good appetite.
Keep curiosity
1 1 1 years old, still full of energy. Although he stopped his professional research because he was too old, he became interested in new things such as linguistics and philology. He likes reading, including reference news and English magazines. Write articles when you have new ideas, not for fame, but for pleasure. He believes that reading and writing can stimulate a person's brain and slow down aging. Many old scholars are used to writing articles by hand, while he uses a sharp typewriter. He has used this typewriter for more than 20 years. When the typewriter was developed, he was asked for advice from a linguistic point of view. As soon as the typewriter was produced, he got one. At that time, typewriters were still very new, and many people were unwilling to use them. But he likes to try, and he feels that the writing efficiency has improved a lot after using the typewriter. Now that computers are popular, he also advocates others to write with computers.
"Chatting with Einstein"
? From 65438 to 0947, he worked in an American bank and visited Princeton University. One day, his friend He Lian, a famous economist, was also doing research at school. He told him that Einstein was in Princeton and he was very free now. You can talk to him.
? Einstein gave up his German citizenship as early as 17 years old because he hated militarism. After Hitler seized the German regime (1933), he was hired as a lifelong scholar by the School of Mathematics of Princeton Institute of Advanced Studies in order to avoid fascist persecution. Einstein claimed: I can't leave my research work. I have been firmly grasped by physics.
? When he met Einstein, he was 68 years old. He became an amiable "noble old man" because he actively called for banning the use of atomic bombs and seeking world harmony. He recalled in the "Centennial Oral": "My impression is that he is a very good person and his life is very casual. In banking, we are very particular about clothes. When he went to college, the atmosphere of the university was different from that of the bank. University professors wear casual clothes, and the clothes they wear are not as particular as mine. He has no temper and shelf, which gives me a very good impression. "
? After returning home, he never mentioned seeing Einstein again. In fact, he was one of the few people in China who had a face-to-face conversation with Einstein. They met twice and chatted twice. But interestingly, this thing worth showing off has been forgotten for more than 50 years, and it was not until the younger generation sorted out his centenary birthday congratulatory letter that it was "excavated".
? "Young players asked me why I didn't talk about Einstein for so many years. I forgot. " He said, "We had a general conversation. Just talk about the international situation at that time and what happened in America at that time. Why did I forget this? Because the conversation has no characteristics. This is a pity. His research direction is different from mine. "
He is the legendary "Zhou Youguang"
? 190665438+1October 13 was born in qingguo lane, Changzhou, Jiangsu province. His original name was Zhou Yaoping. At first "Zhou Youguang" was his pen name, and "Youguang" later became his name. 65438-0923, Zhou Youguang was admitted to St. John's University, majoring in economics and linguistics. During his college years, Zhou Youguang took an active part in the Latinized New Writing Movement. 1933 On April 30th, she married Zhang Yunhe. After marriage, the couple went to Japan to study together. 65438-0935 started to work in finance, and 65438-0954 turned to linguistics. Continue to study, research and write books after retirement. Now, Zhou Youguang is still optimistic, still reading and thinking. The media said that after he learned about the terrorist attacks in Paris on TV news, he asked the nanny to call the familiar editor to exchange views at home. In the evening, when he is in a good mood, he also watches some TV dramas, such as The Legend of Mi Yue and Yangko.
? Zhou Youguang once said humorously to Li Zehou, a famous philosopher who came to visit him: "My world is very small, a broken house ..."
? He has undoubtedly become another role model for me. His life is so rich that others are not as valuable as his life in several lifetimes. His life is divided into several stages: before the age of 50, he was a banker; 50 to 85 years old, a linguist, devoted his energy to the field of language and literature; After 85, he was a thinker. He is Zhou Youguang, a simple but remarkable legend!