The Background of the Red Mansion in Qianlong Period —— A Study of A Dream of Red Mansions

Let's explore the mystery of the specific background of the story of A Dream of Red Mansions in detail. First of all, what is the story background of the Red Chamber? We say that the story background of A Dream of Red Mansions is the narrative of Kanggan period.

Let's start with the "Yangshengtang" in A Dream of Red Mansions, that is, the "nursery".

In the eighth episode of A Dream of Red Mansions, Jia Baoyu knew the golden lock, while Xue Baochai skillfully knew the psychic.

His father Qin Bangye is now a doctor in the camp. He was nearly seventy years old and his wife died young. Because he was in his fifties and had no children and daughters, he took a son and a daughter to the Yangshengtang. Who knows that his son died again, leaving only one daughter, nicknamed Kerr, and a formal name called Bian Mei. When I grew up, I was described as charming and charming, and the factors were related to the Jia family, so I got married. Qin Bangye is 53 years old. Qin Zhong is 12 years old this year. I went back to the south last year and reviewed my old lessons at home. I was about to discuss with Jia's in-laws about attaching a school.

Looking through the first volume of Longman, Chen Kangqi's Notes on the History of Qing Dynasty, I found that item 140 was "nursery":

"In the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the nursery was not open yet. Since the country's loyalty began ... triggered by the banquet given by the Sai-jo Emperor, it is forbidden to drown women. Only at home, the nursery is a good deed. However, there is no fixed food in the government. Sourdrang queen and Yang Wei awarded Mi Lu first, and the ministers of Manchu and Han lost their help one after another. Within a few years, from the capital to the county seat, nursery schools are all over the world. " (P70, Zhonghua Book Company 1984 March Edition)

Qin Keqing in A Dream of Red Mansions was born in Yangshengtang, that is to say, she was adopted from the nursery. It can be said that the historical background of A Dream of Red Mansions must be after the Kangxi Dynasty, because if the author was from the Ming Dynasty, he could not know the social phenomenon of "child care" that only appeared in the Qing Dynasty.

Attachment 1: The earliest recorded nursery in Tianjin-the nursery is a "safe haven" for orphans in Tianjin;

Today, on Chenglinzhuang Road, there is a place that is well known by Tianjin people-SOS International Children's Village. There are comfortable and warm villa houses here, and every child will enjoy the happiness and happiness that a complete family should have. Readers may not know that more than 200 years ago, there was the first nursery in Tianjin on Shui Ge Street near the grove.

Nursery is a safe haven for orphans in Tianjin. Speaking of the name of this nursery that was sealed by history, many old people still remember it. According to historical records, the nursery was built in September of the 59th year of Qianlong (1793). Now there is a place in Hebei District of this city named after this font, which is said to be the original site of the nursery. After the flood, abandoned babies were everywhere.

Salt merchants donated money to jointly build the church. It is understood that there is only one place to record the relevant information of the nursery, Nankai District Archives. (June 24, 2004, Tianjin Youth Daily reporter Zhihui Wang)

Attachment 2: sourdrang queen, surnamed Bolzigit and named Bumubutai, 16 13 was born in an aristocratic family in Horqin, Mongolia on March 28th, and is a descendant of Genghis Khan, a "golden family". After Huang Taiji proclaimed himself emperor, she was named Zhuang Fei. During Shunzhi and Kangxi periods, she was honored as the Empress Dowager and Empress Dowager. 1688 65438+ died on1October 27th at the age of 75. Later generations called Xiao Zhuang the queen.

Secondly, from the taboo of "autumn" in A Dream of Red Mansions.

Confucius is the most respected idol of China people. His name is Kong Qiu. In the Song Dynasty, the imperial court ordered that when the word "autumn" was recited, it was forbidden to recite "autumn", but it was only respectful to recite "A". At the same time, it is stipulated to circle the word "autumn" with a red pen. Before the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, the Qiu family took Qiu as their surname, and since Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty, in order to avoid the name of Confucius, they ordered to change Qiu's surname to Qiu's, and added the word "city" to the right of the original word to show their high respect for the most holy teacher. In the third year of Yongzheng (1725), it was ordered that the word "autumn" should be beside the word "Yi" in order to avoid the name. From now on, everyone named Qiu in the world should add an ear and change their surname to Qiu, and they are not allowed to read Qiu, but should read seven. Back to the sixty-seventh "see Yi Tu hometown moss, smell of feng's childhood secret":

When the mother and daughter saw it, they found pens, ink, paper, inkstones, all kinds of writing paper, sachets, Zhu Xiang, fans, fan pendants, pollen, rouge and so on. Outside the house, there are walkers, drinkers, boys in golden buckets filled with silver, sand lamps and a clay figurine with a blue gauze cover. There is also a small statue of Xue Pan on the Tiger Hill, which is no different from Xue Pan. Baochai saw nothing but a small portrait of Xue Pan. She looked at it carefully, then at her brother, and couldn't help laughing. Because I asked Yinger to take some old women and send these things to the garden in boxes. Before going back to the garden, I chatted with my mother and brother again. Speaking of which, Aunt Xue took out the things in the box, tidied them up bit by bit, and asked Tong Xi to give them to Jia Mu and Mrs. Wang without saying a word. (The above is the same as the trade book, Chen Geng book and Cheng book)

-Among them, Tiger Hill (now written as Tiger Hill) was a taboo word after the third year of Yongzheng (1725). If the author's "ten-year review" and the gestation period of writing are added, the story should be written after the early years of Qianlong (1735). These also show that the story of A Dream of Red Mansions was written in the Qianlong Dynasty.

Furthermore, judging from the title of stone.

Back to the 62nd Han Xiangyun drunk lying peony leave Xiangling love pomegranate skirt ":

Xiangyun couldn't wait, so she shouted at Baoyu's "three" and "five" and guessed her fist. Over there, You Shi and Yuanyang are shouting "seven" and "eight" and punching each other across the seat. Pinger and xiren also made a pair. Jingle, only hear the bracelet ring on your wrist. Xiangyun wins Baoyu, Xiren wins Pinger, and the two of them limit alcohol and noodles. Xiangyun said, "The wine noodles should be composed of an ancient poem, an old poem, a domino name, a qupai name, and a word and sentence in the constitutional book. The bottom of the wine should be the names of fruits and vegetables. " When everyone heard this, they all said, "Only his orders are more nagging than others! It is also very interesting. " He urged Baoyu to speak quickly. Baoyu said with a smile, "Who said that? Let's think about it. " Daiyu said, "You drink for one more minute and I'll speak for you." (Geng, Cheng Ben)

-Because before the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, the name of the ancient almanac Li Shixian was changed to "stone" in the society and in the court during the Qianlong period. The article "History" in A Dream of Red Mansions also exists in Ben or Cheng Jia and B Ben. It can be used as a symbol of the completion of a book in the Qianlong era.

As for taboos-for example, is it possible that it was copied in the Qianlong Dynasty or changed to the present situation, that is, the "constitutional calendar" in the text was changed to "constitutional book"? We can deny this possibility. Because it contains Cheng Ben and Qi Ben's handed down books, the word "calendar" is not too strict.

Some experts have verified that there is still "Yin" in The Story of the Stone. From the Kangxi era, the Qing dynasty began to pay attention to avoiding the names of emperors, and became strict after Yongzheng and Qianlong. But the common ones are manuscripts, manuscripts and engravings that are not strict or completely taboo. For example, in the seventeenth year of Kangxi (1678), the book of Zheng Xue's misunderstanding stone was engraved in the thirty-seventh year (1698) (author's note: misunderstanding should be beside the golden word, with Liu Zhiyin as the change of Liu), and in the fifty-second year of Kangxi (17/kloc-) In the fifty-six years of Qianlong (179 1), the taboos in Cheng Jiaben were not strict, such as "string" and "dazzle". For example, in 1992' s copy of A Dream of Red Mansions by Cheng Jiaben, in the link of 10, You Shi and Grandma Huang talked about Qin's illness: "I am too lazy to talk, and my eyes are dim." Mr. Zhang said that Qin's symptoms were "dizziness from time to time", but in the reply of 1 1, you said that taking Mr. Zhang's medicine "I feel a little dizzy today" and so on. None of the words "dizzy" in these places is missing the last word "dot", nor does it avoid the taboo of Kangxi.

In addition, there is the word "Guan" in the cursive script of Wang Xizhi's Preface to the Holy Teaching. According to textual research, Li Hong's word "calendar" was originally changed from "double grain" to "forest", and there was also the word "day" under it, but it was not until the twenty-eighth year of Qianlong that it was changed to the word "yi" in the bottom of my heart, replacing the day with my heart. The cursive writing of the word "heart" and the word "stop" is similar, so there is something in common between them. For example, the first 1 reply "Zhenmeng Tongling dusty pregnant woman":

The author said: I had a dream ... but there are still people in the boudoir. I must not protect myself because of my incompetence and let it disappear. (Cheng Jiayuan wrote "Guan" and Cheng Yi also wrote "Guan")

The monk said with a smile, "Don't worry, it's time to end the current affair. These romantic friends haven't been reborn yet. Taking this opportunity, I will put this thing in the middle and let him experience it. " The Taoist said, "It turns out that romantic friends are going to rob the world again recently, but I don't know where to start and where to land." "That's interesting," said the monk. Just because this stone was useless, I finally felt at ease and went to play everywhere. One day, I came to the police magic fairy, and the magic fairy knew that he had some history. Because she left him in Chixia Palace, she called him the waiter of Chixia Palace. (Cheng Jia, Ben B)-Among them, the words "experience" and "birth" are not taboo.

After seeing this stone once, the Taoist Empty said to it, "Brother Shi, your story is very interesting in your own words, so I wrote it down to make it famous. In my opinion: first, there is no dynasty age to test; Second, there is no good governance that is virtuous and honest, manages the court and manages customs. There are only a few strange women, either sentimental or infatuated, or a little talented and slightly better. Even if I copy it, it's not a wonderful book. " Stone really replied, "Why is my teacher so stupid? I think the dynasties in unofficial history have always been the cover of the name of Han and Tang dynasties; As I recorded in this stone, I don't use this set, I only follow my own things, but it is fresh and unique. (Cheng Jia, Ben B)-In Origin, there is a taboo word "Lai/Lai" and the substitute word is "Ai".

In a word, it is inconclusive to judge whether it is taboo or not. Therefore, if we want to deny that "stone" is not the original meaning of the author, but a change of Cheng's movable type printing, including copying manuscripts. Then we must first deny that Cheng Ben, which has been passed down to this day, is not an original work published in the Qianlong period, and then admit that they are not original woodcuts at that time. At present, it seems that this is difficult to do, so the possibility of copying hands to avoid it does not exist. Therefore, this "stone" can be used as a symbol of writing books in the Qianlong era. Because even the original author expressed the background of the story in the Qianlong Dynasty.

The above is the internal evidence in the article. Let's carefully consider a series of external evidences in history. The evidences to prove the consistency of history and literature during the reign of Qing Qianlong are as follows:

A Dream of Red Mansions (No.18) "Jia Yuanchun returned to the province for the Lantern Festival", describing Yuan Fei "and then came over with a golden umbrella with seven phoenixes, which is a crown robe and shoes." According to historical experts' research, the symbol of the royal authority-"Golden Umbrella" was created by the imperial concubine of the Qianlong Dynasty. According to the Yongzheng Hui Dian, the "Red Satin Seven Phoenix Crankshaft Umbrella" was used by the imperial ladies from the early Qing Dynasty to the Yongzheng Dynasty. The umbrella cover used by the imperial concubine was changed to golden yellow, and the allusion was ten years after Qianlong.

Among them, the Chen Geng edition and the cost series are "Seven Phoenix Crane Golden Umbrella", but only the word "Seven Phoenix Crane Golden Umbrella" is reversed, which should be incorrect:

I came to more than a dozen pairs when I was a child, and Wen Fong had a faint drumming sound. Pairs of phoenix dragons flying, young pheasant feathers paying tribute to the mountains, selling gold stoves and burning imperial incense, and then a golden umbrella with seven phoenixes came over, wearing robes and shoes, and deacons eunuchs holding incense towels, embroidered handkerchiefs, mouthwashes, dusters and so on. After the parade, eight eunuchs came slowly carrying a golden-crowned goose yellow embroidered phoenix. Jia and others quickly knelt down.

Appendix: Eighty manuscripts of Qing Dynasty;

Since the sixth year of Tiancong, Emperor Taizong of Qing Dynasty (author's note: A.D. 1632), the ceremonial etiquette system has been very simple, with three pairs of royal flags, two umbrellas and six captains. Since ten years, Tian Cong changed to Yuan Chongde, the number of imperial battles and the quality of official ceremonies have been determined. When the ancestors entered the customs, they decided to set up a tripod and decorate it with reference to the past system. It turns out that the emperor's ceremonial duties and guards are divided into three categories: driving a halogen book, performing ceremonial duties and performing ceremonial duties. After thirteen years of work, the original number of instruments was increased and revised, and then the halogen book was driven by the law, the instrument position was driven by the law, and the instrument position was driven by the lucky one. Together, the three are a halogen book. And all the ceremonies of the queen, the etiquette dispute of the concubines, and the ceremonies and guards of the prince are regarded as the original details. This is based on the goal set by Qianlong dynasty, with the original instrument number and the early years of Chongde. Also, the admiralty of the emperor and the prestige of the crown prince are temporary systems, not permanent ones, which are also written in the article. Those who study reform can trace back to the source and examine the system of a generation in detail.

Empress driving: Empress Dowager and Empress Dowager are the same as Empress driving. Only cars, landscapes and dragon and phoenix paintings.

Emperor Guifei's ceremony: I fought four battles, set up four melons and lay four melons. There are two red and melanin flags, two golden phoenix flags and two red and black phoenix flags. There are two yellow, red and black pigment fans, two red and black lovers fans, two red and black grass umbrellas and two bright, yellow, red and black flower umbrellas. Golden Festival II. Brush two, a gold incense burner, a incense box, a dish washing, a jar, two golden jars, a gold chair and a gold square. Seven phoenix bright yellow crank cover one. Zhai Yu hitchhiked, Yu Yi hitchhiked, Zhai Che hitchhiked.

Imperial concubine's ceremony: I hit two, set two melons, and lie two melons. There are two red and melanin flags, two red and black phoenix flags, two yellow, red and black pigment fans, two red and black lovers fans, two red and black grass umbrellas and two golden, red and black flower umbrellas. Golden Festival II. Brush two, a gold incense burner, a incense box, a dish washing, a jar, two golden jars, a gold chair and a gold square. Seven phoenix gold crank cover one. Zhai Yu rode, Yu Yi rode, and Che Yi rode.

-it can be seen that in the thirteenth year of Qianlong, the imperial concubine began to have the treatment of "seven phoenix golden crank cover". This allusion didn't appear until ten years after Qianlong, so the brewing time of A Dream of Red Mansions will definitely be after 1745. If Cao Xueqin's Ten-year Criticism is added, it will take at least 1755 years for A Dream of Red Mansions to be written-these are completely in line with the time system for the author to verify the true skills of A Dream of Red Mansions. The author has previously demonstrated that the time background of the Red Mansion is 1734- 1760, which is also a textual research.

2. In the fifty-third episode of A Dream of Red Mansions, "It's the twenty-ninth day of the twelfth lunar month (the author's note: according to the text," the second day "should be" this day "), and Jia Mu ..." Congratulations on entering the palace. Allusions about courtiers celebrating New Year's Day can be found on the website of "List of Court Events in the Five Hundred Years of Ming and Qing Dynasties-Qing Dynasty" authorized by the Palace Museum: "The first New Year's Day ceremony was held in the first month of Qianlong three years (1738). Emperor Qianlong led the civil and military ministers below the king to celebrate the ceremony of the Queen Mother Shou Kang entering the palace, and then the Royal Hall of Supreme Harmony was congratulated by hundreds of officials, which is naturally the case on New Year's Day every year. May God and Sejong share the valley. Fortunately, in Yuanmingyuan, Feng Taihou lived in Changchun Garden. "

-It can be proved that there has been a "New Year's Day greeting" since the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. Liu's A Dream of Red Mansions holds that the story of 18 dates back to the fifty-third incident in the first year of Qianlong, and it should be that the grandmother of the story "made ends meet". This postscript, like a modern Luoyang shovel, was suddenly excavated by archaeologists in the pit of Qin servants. This absurdity is the absurdity of the ancients pointed out by Mr. Qian Zhongshu in Guan Ju Bian. The author of A Dream of Red Mansions is so meticulous that he is not a fairy who knows the past and counts the future. How does he promote future laws and regulations?

Third, historical experts have determined that the historical facts of the royal allusions of "Five-character and Eight-rhyme Poems" (after the provincial examination in Qin Dynasty) were indeed in the year of Ding Chou in the 22nd year of Qianlong (also mentioned by Mr. Zhou Cezong) 1757. Yu Yue first pointed out that in the last 40 years, he would try to write a poem with "five words and eight rhymes", which was the Qianlong period. For example, in the ninety-seventh chapter of A Dream of Red Mansions, Lin Daiyu burned the manuscript to break Xue Baochai's infatuation, and mentioned that Li Wan "changed poetry" for Jia Lan's exam:

Li Wan was correcting Jia Lan's poems when a maid came in and said, "Old lady, I'm afraid Miss Lin is not feeling well! They are crying there. " Li wan was so startled that she didn't have time to ask. She quickly stood up and left. Suyun and Biyue followed, with tears in their eyes, thinking, "With sisters together, looks and talents are even more unique. Only Su E, a young woman, can be like one or two. Unexpectedly, at such a young age, she became the daughter of Beijiang Township. It happened that Xifeng came up with a trick to steal the column and couldn't help coming to Xiaoxiang Pavilion. What a pity! " Thinking about it, I walked to the door of Xiaoting.

According to the expert Mr. Qi Gong's textual research:

In the examination, a style parallel to the eight-part essay is "try to post poems" There are many styles used in the examination, such as Fu and Lun, but the most important one has always started from the imperial examination system. Besides stereotyped writing, we should try to paste poems. Trial post poems are also called "five-character and eight-rhyme poems". Its form is "five-character poem". ("Talking about stereotyped writing: X. Trying to paste poems (Postscript)")

In addition, Mr. Deng Ruiquan, an associate professor at the Institute of Ancient Books of Beijing Normal University, also gave a detailed introduction:

Among the various styles of imperial examinations in the Qing Dynasty, there are poems about trial posts in addition to the well-known eight-part essay. Trial poems have strict formats and norms, and the stylization is more serious than the eight-part essay.

Trial poems originated from the regular poems in the Tang Dynasty, but the topics of poems selected in the Tang Dynasty are very extensive, and there are not too many rigid requirements for the contents of poems, so it is easy for candidates to exert their level and show their talents. From Song Xining to the early Qing Dynasty, there was basically no examination of poetry and fu in the imperial examination. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the content of trial poems was added to the imperial examination, and the weight became heavier and heavier. Trial poetry, like eight-part essay, is a stepping stone to the pursuit of fame and fortune.

Since the 22nd year of Qianlong (1757), a poem with five words and eight rhymes has been added to the provincial examination and general examination, and it has since become stereotyped writing. Other examinations, such as the annual examination for students, scientific research, Gong Sheng examination and re-examination, all require five words and eight rhymes. Children's examinations can lower the requirements and use five words and six rhymes. Trial poems must use official rhyme, and each poem is limited to one rhyme. Side note of the title, in order to get a word, use a flat voice, and there are no heavy words in the poem.

Compared with the eight-part essay, the content of the trial poem is far beyond the scope of the four books and five classics. Classics, history, philosophers, condensed famous sayings or stories, and poems of predecessors can all be examination questions. Therefore, although many candidates have written a standard eight-part essay, they often fail because they don't do a good job in trying to post poems. ("Another Volume of Scientific Research in Qing Dynasty-Trial Poetry")

It seems that during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the imperial examination added the content of the trial poem, so Li Wan's "Gai Shi" for Jia Lan's examination must be an allusion after 22 years of Qianlong. This is also recorded in "Da Qing Banknotes: Poems with Five Words and Eight Rhymes":

Both the big and small exams use five-character and eight-rhyme poems, which is a test post. Hong Beijiang said that if this is different from other styles, there are writers who can't be eight-rhyme poets, and there are eight-rhyme poets who can't be writers, such as a doctor and a master. They are not famous poets, but the eight-rhyme poets are extremely skilled. One year, I failed in the exam, and the word "dragon" was titled "Wang Dao is like a dragon". Five or six clouds said, "The letter will be fully displayed and people can follow it." It is more expensive than the one-year senior high school entrance examination. The word "nothing" is "the grass is near but there is nothing", and there are five or six clouds: "Youth belongs to the horse, and teenagers have nothing." You can be a cloud worker. Wu Xiqi, who made a toast to other works, returned to work. However, he didn't perform well in the exam. The topic was "Warm Air on the Snow Line" and he got the word "cold". Wu Jinglian went on to say, "The light broke the cold of thousands of families." Little Shenyang, a great scholar, was suddenly surprised and said, "This volume has the word broken home, which is definitely not desirable." Wu Juan was reprimanded.

In addition, a dream of red mansions (1 18) replied, "Remember that my uncle and brother bullied women, surprised women, puzzled wives and concubines, and remonstrated idiots":

Jia Lan went back and left the book to Baoyu. Baoyu smiled at the book, came in, handed it to Musk Moon to collect it, and then came out to collect Zhuangzi. Some of the most valuable films, such as Participation, Yuanming Newspaper and Wuguang Huiyuan, were called Musk Moon and Harmony, and were put aside. Baochai was very surprised to see his behavior. Because she wanted to test him, she smiled and asked, "Why do you want to move away if you don't think he is serious?" Baoyu said, "I understand now. These books are nothing. I have to burn it in the fire to clean it. " Baochai was even happier when she heard this. I heard Baoyu whisper, "There is no Buddha in the canon, but there is a fairy boat outside the elixir method." Baochai didn't really listen to the truth, but only heard the words "no Buddha nature" and "a fairy boat", and her heart became suspicious. Let's see what he looks like. Baoyu ordered Sheyue and others to clean up a quiet room, find out those famous sentences to be made and put them in the quiet room, but he really worked quietly. Baochai was relieved.

-Among them, "poetry to be written" embodies the "five-character arrangement". In addition, in the fifty-third episode of A Dream of Red Mansions, the wreath is introduced as follows:

It turns out that the person who embroidered this wreath is also a Suzhou woman named Huiniang. Because he is also a scholarly family, he used to be good at calligraphy and painting, and occasionally embroidered one or two stitches for fun, not for sale. The flowers embroidered on this screen are imitations of famous flowers in Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties, so its elegant format and color matching are comparable to those of non-colorful craftsmen. Every flower face uses the old sentences of the ancients about this flower, or different poems and songs, and all use black velvet embroidered cursive script. The handwriting is no different from cursive script, and it is no more hateful than embroidered bookboards. Not only did he benefit from this skill, but even though it is well known, very few people have it. Many people in rich families don't have this thing. Today it's called' emblem embroidery'. Those who are interested in worldly interests have been imitating their stitches recently, and fools have made a profit. This Hui Niang died at the age of eighteen, and now she can't have another one. All homes, even one or two, are treasured and need not be used. A group of gentlemen in Hanlin Fangmo, because they deeply cherish the beauty of "emblem embroidery" and say that the word "embroidery" can't be perfect, it seems a little abrupt to say the word "embroidery" by hand, so we discussed it and changed the word "embroidery" into a word "Wen", so now everyone calls it "". If there is really a' smart tattoo', the price is unlimited. Jia Fu's honor is just a repetition. Last year, these two works were put on the table. Now, there are only a pair of wreaths and fourteen flowers. The Jia family loves it as a treasure, and it is not included in all kinds of furnishings to entertain guests. They only stay by their side and enjoy wine when they are happy. (See Geng Heliebon; Cheng Benque)

-"Famous flowers in Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties are all imitations", so it can be seen that the characters in the story must be from the late Ming Dynasty. Xue Pan's jokes about "Tang Yin" and "Huang Geng" show that the true history of the story must be after the period of Tang Yin (Bohu) in Ming Dynasty, and there are also allusions such as Peony Pavilion, Lin Siniang, snuff bottle and peep show that the story of A Dream of Red Mansions must be created after this period.

Four, a dream of red mansions seventy-eight back to "the old bachelor invited Zen Zen words". The story of Zen Zen Ci should come from Lin Siniang in the fourth volume of Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio or Lin Siniang's narration in A Talk on Red Equipment, because the names and places in Zen Ci are the same as those in the above two novels. Judging from the time of the book's completion, Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio and Farewell to Chibi, which originated in the early Qing Dynasty, have been circulated in the society in the form of manuscripts. Mr. Qi Gong, a famous red scientist, verified that "Hengwang" and "Qingzhou" were the real names and place names of Hengwang in Ming Dynasty. A Dream of Red Mansions: The 78th time "gossip of an old bachelor was invented by a foolish son";

Jia Zheng said, "There was a prince named Heng Yue who left Qingzhou that day. (Cheng Ben)

Jia Zheng said, "There was a king named Heng Yue who left Qingzhou that day. (Geng Chenben)

Jia Zheng said, "That's all. They already have the original sequence. Yesterday, I was instructed to pay homage to those who should be praised since the last generation, but I left those who were not invited. Monks, nuns, beggars, women, etc. One thing is commendable, that is, I want to send my resume to the Ministry of Ritual for reward. " (Geng Chenben and Cheng Benben are the same)

-and "from the previous generation". If Wang Heng was in the Ming Dynasty, the storyteller was of course in the Qing Dynasty after the Ming Dynasty. It can be seen that the author of the first 80 chapters also implicitly took the Qing Dynasty as the background of the Red Chamber.

Attachment 1: Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio. About the author: Pu Songling (1640 ~ 17 15), a novelist in Qing Dynasty, was born in Zichuan (now Zibo, Shandong). Modern people have collected Pu Songling's collected works.

Attachment 2: Encounter in Chibi: Wang Shizhen (1678-1711), whose name is Zizhen, was also named Ruanting, a native of Shandong New City (now Huantai County) because he admired Sikongtu's seclusion in the Tang Dynasty.

Attachment 3: Qingzhou is one of the ancient Kyushu in China, located in the middle of Shandong Peninsula, the middle of Ji Jiao Railway and the east of Weifang, the capital of kites. During the 7,000-year development of human culture, many sites such as North New Culture, Longshan Culture and Dawenkou Culture have been left here, which is called the birthplace of Dongyi Culture by historians. There are many places of interest in Qingzhou, and the giant "Shou" on the cliff in Yunmen Mountain is even more famous in the world. (This huge "Shou" was carved in the 30th year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty, which was 1560. Wang Heng, the imperial clan of the Ming Dynasty, asked someone to carve it for his birthday. ) The Buddhist grottoes in Tuoshan Northern Zhou Dynasty are the largest in East China, and the calligraphy inscriptions of Zheng Daozhao in Linglong Mountain Northern Wei Dynasty are well-known at home and abroad. The Buddha statue in longxing temple site is one of the top ten archaeological discoveries in China in 1996.

This series of detailed material evidence and "signs" fully shows the brand of the author of A Dream of Red Mansions and the flavor of the times. Therefore, it should be reliable to determine the time background of A Dream of Red Mansions during the Qianlong period. This is a necessary and sufficient condition for examining the definition of time before argumentation.

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