1. Alcohol (ethanol) is an organic compound composed of three elements: carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which is very irritating. The higher the concentration, the stronger the alcohol. Total acids: mainly lactic acid and acetic acid, which are one of the flavor substances in liquor, can increase the sweetness of liquor and play a certain buffering role in stimulation. Total lipids: mainly ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl acetate, etc. It is the main substance that produces the flavor of liquor. Higher alcohol: It is produced by the decomposition of protein in liquor-making raw materials, and it is one of the components that constitute the flavor of liquor. High content will be harmful to human body. Aldehydes: There are mainly acetaldehyde and formaldehyde, which are toxic substances in wine. If the content is high, it will lead to central nervous system damage, blindness and even death. Polyol: By-product of yeast fermentation in fermented grains. Phenols: Most of them come from tannins and pigments in raw materials, and a small part comes from the transformation of protein, which adds special flavor to liquor. Lead: Lead is a harmful substance in liquor. Long-term heavy drinking can lead to chronic poisoning. Cyanide: Cyanide is also a harmful substance in liquor.
2. The influence of wine on human health Li Shizhen pointed out the harm of drinking too much in Compendium of Materia Medica, saying that "drinking too much makes you sad, consumes blood, hurts your stomach and kills sperm, causing phlegm fire". After drinking alcohol, alcohol is mostly absorbed through the gastric mucosa. Excessive drinking, vigorous body surface circulation and vasodilation can reduce blood pressure and increase heart burden; Long-term heavy drinking will paralyze the central nervous system and reduce memory; Liver cells are damaged, causing fatty degeneration of liver (fatty liver); Because of the metabolism of alcohol in the body, more vitamin B 1 is needed to cause beriberi. Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can lead to fetal malformation and even stillbirth. If you drink a lot at a time, the central nervous system can be excited first and then inhibited, leading to acute alcoholism, which is often called drunkenness.
Drunkenness can be divided into three periods: the excitement period is characterized by outspoken, emotional, high-spirited, talkative, talkative and even moody; * * * The ataxia period is characterized by clumsiness, stumbling, incoherence and ambiguity; Coma is characterized by pale face, cold skin, blue lips, weak breathing or snoring. If not rescued in time, respiratory paralysis may occur. Therefore, once drunk, the following measures should be taken immediately:
Drinking vinegar: vinegar reacts with wine to produce ethyl acetate and water, which can reduce the harm of wine to human body.
Drink strong tea: Tannic acid in tea reacts with wine, which can reduce toxicity. Don't drink too much strong tea too fast, so as not to increase the burden on the heart and kidneys.
Drinking pueraria decoction: taking pueraria decoction orally can effectively prevent drunkenness.
In daily life, some people regard wine as "nectar and jade" and indulge in it. They can't live without this "gentleman" for a day, and they can't live without the things in the cup for three meals, which makes them dependent on alcohol and form an addiction to alcohol. Most people who are addicted to alcohol have bitter taste, dry mouth, bad breath and thirst, which are manifested as chronic poisoning symptoms, such as chronic alcoholic gastroenteritis, systemic malnutrition, alcoholic dementia and chronic alcoholic liver disease. For people with alcoholism, in addition to detoxification, they can drink non-alcoholic drinks instead. In recent years, the United States has made an alcoholic beverage, which tastes almost the same as alcoholic beverages and the drinker will not be poisoned.
Among alcoholic beverages, beer has the least alcohol content and is one of the commonly used beverages. Beer is rich in nutrition, contains 8 kinds of essential amino acids that the human body can't synthesize, as well as a variety of vitamins and high heat energy, so it has the reputation of "liquid bread" and "liquid vitamins". Therefore, it is a good product for invigorating spleen, appetizing and relieving summer heat. Although beer is a good drink, you shouldn't drink too much wine. If you drink too much beer for a long time, it will lead to "beer disease", such as the so-called "beer heart" with enlarged heart, tachycardia, myocardial injury and decreased cardiac function, obesity caused by fat accumulation and paunchy in the body, abdominal pain, bloating, burning sensation and loss of appetite caused by gastric mucosal damage. So drink beer in moderation, so as not to affect your health.
3. Pay attention to the proper amount, timing and amount of drinking, otherwise it will damage human health. "There are hundreds of poems about Li Baijiu. Chang 'an went to the inn to sleep, but the son of heaven helped him not to get on the boat, claiming to be Brewmaster. "The untimely death of the great poet Li Bai has a lot to do with his binge drinking, so we should pay attention to' three comforts' when drinking: First, drink in time. As the saying goes, "Don't drink Shi Mao wine" means that you can't drink on an empty stomach, especially after getting up in the morning. Drinking alcohol on an empty stomach can easily stimulate the gastric mucosa, damage the digestive function of the stomach and affect health. In addition, it is not advisable to drink alcohol before going to bed, "both drunk and asleep; Sleeping on a pillow hurts the eyes, stops dampness and produces sores, and helps desire with fire, so many people get sick. "The second is to be comfortable. For every bosom friend, it is a few glasses of wine, and for lovers, it is more than half a sentence. Don't drink when you are in a bad mood and don't indulge when you are sick. As we all know, "but since the water is still flowing, although we use swords to cut it, it is even more worrying to drown our sorrows by drinking." Therefore, you should drink in moderation, and you can't "until, raise a glass and I ask the moon" every day. The third is the right amount. " All words are delicious, but who knows what can hurt people? Drinking less can promote blood circulation, but drinking too much will hurt people. When you are advised to drink, raise your glass and think it over. "Moderate drinking can increase appetite, relax muscles and promote blood circulation, while binge drinking can cause endless harm. In short, as long as the "three fitness" is achieved, it will not affect your health.
4. Talking about nourishing medicinal liquor can make medicine potential, so there is a saying that "wine is the length of a hundred medicines". Working people in our country make use of this characteristic of wine to brew all kinds of medicinal liquor, so as to keep fit, get rid of diseases and keep fit. There are many prescriptions about medicinal liquor in the past dynasties, including 89 in Compendium of Materia Medica alone. This paper introduces several commonly used medicinal liquor beneficial to middle-aged and elderly people:
Ginseng wine: take 1 ginseng and 500 ml white wine, soak for 7 days, then take the wine and drink it twice a day, 5 ml ~ 10 ml each time. Has the effects of invigorating primordial qi, invigorating spleen, nourishing heart, calming heart and improving intelligence, and can be used for treating anorexia, diarrhea and asthma caused by spleen and stomach weakness.
Deer antler wine: take appropriate amount of deer antler slices and soak them in Chinese liquor for more than 10 days, twice a day, 5 ml ~ 10 ml each time. It can produce sperm, strengthen bones and muscles, improve sleep and appetite, and promote white blood cell regeneration.
Cordyceps sinensis wine: soak several pieces of Cordyceps sinensis in Chinese liquor for 7 days, twice a day, 5 ml ~ 10 ml each time. It has the effects of tonifying lung and kidney, stopping bleeding and resolving phlegm, and can be used for treating deficiency of lung yin, weakness of kidney yang, expectoration with blood.
Ganoderma lucidum wine: take a proper amount of Ganoderma lucidum, chop it up, and soak it in Chinese liquor 15 days or more, 1 ~ 2 times a day, 10 ml ~ 20 ml each time. Ganoderma lucidum is a medicine for tonifying deficiency and promoting digestion, so it has the theory of "treating deafness, controlling joints, protecting spirit, benefiting qi, strengthening bones and muscles, and improving complexion". Modern medical research has proved that Ganoderma lucidum has the functions of lowering cholesterol, resisting atherosclerosis, strengthening heart, lowering blood sugar and protecting liver.
Polygonum multiflorum wine: take a proper amount of Polygonum multiflorum slices, cut them into pieces, and soak them in white wine for 3 days, l ~ 2 times a day, each time 10 ml ~ 20 ml. It can nourish blood, black beard, delight in color, strengthen bones and muscles, nourish essence and prolong life. Studies have confirmed that Polygonum multiflorum Thunb can lower cholesterol, treat atherosclerosis, nourish nerves and blood cells, and promote cell regeneration and development. Therefore, the ancients regarded it as the product of "rejuvenation".
Chinese wolfberry wine: Take proper amount of Lycium barbarum and soak it in Chinese liquor for several days, twice a day, each time 10 ml ~ 20 ml. Has the effects of nourishing liver and kidney, benefiting eyesight, regulating fatigue, strengthening muscles and bones, resisting aging, benefiting qi and nourishing heart. The ancients used it to nourish the heart and strengthen the body, calling it "a good medicine to prolong life."