Private enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises and small and micro enterprises, are the main body of private economy and an important part of national economic and social development. Accelerating the development of private economy is an overall and strategic issue, an objective requirement for Yunnan's scientific development, harmonious development and leap-forward development in the new period, and an important task for our province to change its mode and adjust its structure. Since the reform and opening up, the private economy in our province has been growing and becoming an important force to promote the province's economic growth, industrial development, urban and rural prosperity, employment and re-employment and social harmony, and its position and role in the province's economy have become increasingly prominent. However, compared with the developed areas in China, the private economy in our province has some problems, such as late start, low industrial development level and low management level, especially the contradiction between financial supply and demand of small and medium-sized enterprises and small and micro enterprises, which restricts the accelerated development of the private economy. All departments and financial institutions at all levels should fully understand the significance of financial support to the accelerated development of the private economy, make full use of various state support policies, improve the service system for small and medium-sized enterprises, accelerate the innovation of financial products and services, increase financial support, focus on solving the problems of financing difficulties, loan difficulties, guarantee difficulties and high financing costs of private enterprises, create a good private investment environment, and guide private investment.
Second, the overall requirements
(1) Basic ideas. We will thoroughly implement Scientific Outlook on Development, seize the great opportunity of the country to implement a new round of western development, the strategy of opening up along the border, bridgehead construction and the implementation of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, adhere to the principle of "entering without prohibition", promote the development of private enterprises, aim at expanding the scale of the private economy and promoting the industrial transformation and upgrading of the whole province, and focus on increasing investment and developing the real economy, and encourage and guide private capital to enter the field of financial services. Increase financial support for the entrepreneurial growth of small and micro enterprises, continuously expand the financing channels and scale of private enterprises, innovate financial products and services, optimize the financial environment, and realize the common development of private economy and financial industry.
(2) objectives and tasks. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, it is necessary to ensure that the average annual growth rate of loans for small and medium-sized enterprises in the province, especially small and micro enterprises, is higher than the average growth rate of loans in the province, and the increment is higher than the previous year's level, and 3,000 high-quality small enterprise credit loans households will be launched. Among them, the Provincial Industry and Information Committee, together with the Provincial Science and Technology Department, the Provincial Department of Commerce and other departments, will select about 2,000 specialized and new small and micro enterprises, and the Provincial Department of Agriculture and the Provincial Forestry Department will organize the selection of about 600 and 400 to support private enterprises to continuously expand the scale of direct financing, strive to achieve 10 private enterprises to go public, and actively promote qualified private enterprises to issue bonds; Actively guide private capital to participate in equity investment, and strive to develop 200 equity investment funds in the province by the end of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, with the scale of funds raised reaching 654.38+000 billion yuan; Actively promote the insurance industry to better serve the private economy, accelerate development, and strive for new breakthroughs in insurance funds to invest in private enterprises; Encourage private capital to enter the field of financial services, strive to reach 500 small loan companies, promote the healthy and rapid development of local financial institutions, and provide strong financial guarantee for the added value of the non-public economy in the province to reach 700 billion yuan.
Third, encourage and guide private capital to enter the field of financial services.
(1) Broaden the field of private capital investment in the real economy. According to the relevant policies of the state to promote private investment, actively support private capital to enter industries and fields not prohibited by laws and regulations, and create conditions and environment for fair competition and equal access. Focus on supporting private capital to enter basic industries and infrastructure fields such as transportation, water conservancy, electric power, oil and gas, telecommunications, environmental protection, land improvement, mineral resources exploration and development, invest in municipal public utilities, affordable housing, cultural industries, social undertakings, trade and circulation, and participate in the reform of state-owned enterprises. Improve the effective mechanism to promote the development of private enterprises, strive to create a good atmosphere for attracting investment, staying in business, living business and wealthy businessmen, vigorously encourage and guide private capital to enter the financial services field, and promote the development and growth of the financial industry.
(2) Guide private capital to enter the banking field. Support private capital to invest in local banking financial institutions and participate in rural cooperative banks and rural credit cooperatives to increase capital and share. Encourage private capital to participate in the establishment of new rural financial institutions such as village banks on a large scale and in batches in accordance with the principle of intensive development and moderate geographical concentration.
(3) Encourage private capital to set up small loan companies. We will implement national policies such as appropriately relaxing the restrictions on the shareholding ratio of a single investor in microfinance companies, encourage private capital to invest in the establishment of microfinance companies in accordance with the Measures for the Administration of Microfinance Companies in Yunnan Province, and focus on promoting the establishment of microfinance companies in counties (cities, districts) with lagging economic development and imperfect financial services, so as to achieve full coverage of county-level microfinance institutions and services as soon as possible. Actively develop professional small loan companies and support private enterprises in industries with advantages and characteristics to accelerate their development. Further improve the market access evaluation system of microfinance institutions, strengthen daily supervision and on-site inspection, give play to the self-discipline role of microfinance associations, help the superior and punish the inferior, standardize development, effectively curb the tendency of high interest rates, and guide microfinance companies to increase financial support for small and micro enterprises, "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" and county economic development in our province. Policy banks and commercial banks are encouraged to provide financing support to microfinance companies and enhance their lending capacity under the premise of controllable risks. Encourage qualified microfinance companies to actively transform into village banks.
(4) Support private capital to initiate the establishment of equity investment funds. Follow the principle of "government guidance, market operation, industry self-discipline, policy support and standardized development", and give full play to the guiding role of policies, the guiding role of government equity investment guidance funds, the demonstration role of state-owned capital, the main role of private capital investment, and the industry management service role of Yunnan Equity Investment Development Center and Equity Investment Fund Association. Support qualified private capital to set up equity investment enterprises such as corporate system, partnership private equity fund, venture capital fund and venture capital fund according to law, and carry out specialized equity investment, fund management, investment consulting and other businesses to promote the healthy and standardized development of equity investment in the province.
(5) Promote private capital to participate in other financial activities. Encourage and guide private capital to set up financial intermediary service institutions such as financing guarantee companies, industrial investment companies, venture capital companies, leasing companies, finance companies, credit investigation and evaluation companies, pawn auctions, accounting firms, etc. on the basis of following relevant laws and regulations, and participate in the restructuring and reorganization of financial institutions such as securities, insurance and trusts in an orderly manner.
Fourth, increase financial support for small and micro enterprises.
(1) Improve the financial linkage mechanism to support the development of small and micro enterprises. Conscientiously implement the preferential policies of the state to support the development of small and micro enterprises, and improve the financial linkage mechanism to support the development of small and micro enterprises. All banking financial institutions should increase credit support for private enterprises that conform to industrial policies and have good development prospects. For private enterprises in transition, we should do a good job in financing, guide and support the transformation and development of enterprises. Finance and taxation departments should fully implement various tax incentives and financial subsidy policies for small and micro enterprises and financial institutions that serve small and micro enterprises, and guide credit funds to increase investment in private enterprises and small and micro enterprises that receive financial support. For small and micro enterprises that meet the requirements of transformation and upgrading but have difficulties in operation, preferential policies for tax reduction and exemption should be implemented in a timely manner in accordance with regulations. Gradually expand the scale of special funds for small and medium-sized enterprises, and rationally use all kinds of industrialization development funds to support the development of small and micro enterprises. Study and establish a new loan risk compensation mechanism for small and micro enterprises to help them solve their cash flow difficulties.
(2) Establish a long-term mechanism to encourage entrepreneurship and enrich the people. Actively learn from the advanced experience and practices of other provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), increase financial and tax support, establish a long-term working mechanism to encourage entrepreneurship and enrich the people, and guide private capital to accelerate entrepreneurship. Encourage banking financial institutions to expand the scale of small secured loans to support entrepreneurship, take excellent entrepreneurial projects with development potential, honesty and trustworthiness, and strong profitability as business growth points, improve the credit and financial service system that promotes employment through entrepreneurship, and support college graduates, returning migrant workers, wealthy rural laborers, laid-off and unemployed people, retired soldiers, returned overseas students and registered unemployed people in cities and towns to start their own businesses. Strengthen the construction of entrepreneurial clusters such as entrepreneurial bases and technology incubators, effectively gather all kinds of social capital, form a good environment to support entrepreneurship, give play to the effect of entrepreneurial clusters, and promote regional economic development.
(3) Innovative credit service methods. All banking financial institutions should speed up the establishment of credit franchise institutions for small and micro enterprises, build a professional management and assessment system, improve the due diligence exemption mechanism and assessment mechanism for credit personnel of small and micro enterprises, improve business processes such as loan rating, credit granting, loan review and approval, strengthen credit support for small and micro enterprises with a total credit of less than 5 million yuan per household, and effectively meet the "short, frequent and fast" capital needs of small and micro enterprises. According to the needs of small and micro enterprises, we will innovate credit business and mortgage methods, vigorously carry out a series of credit businesses such as joint guarantee loans, network revolving loans, intellectual property pledge loans, merger and acquisition financing, and credit guarantee loans, steadily increase the credit scale of small and micro enterprises, and provide comprehensive financial services such as settlement, remittance and agency for small and micro enterprises.
(four) improve the ability of guarantee services. Relevant departments should strengthen the supervision and management of guarantee institutions, speed up the improvement of industry access, risk control, loss compensation, re-guarantee and withdrawal mechanism of credit guarantee, promote the standardized operation of various guarantee institutions, strengthen self-discipline of credit guarantee industry, and comprehensively use various ways such as capital injection, risk compensation and incentive subsidies to improve the financing guarantee ability of guarantee institutions for small and micro enterprises. Encourage all kinds of guarantee companies to strengthen cooperation with banking financial institutions, raise capital through multiple channels, enhance capital strength, expand business scale, change the single guarantee mode based on fixed assets and marketable securities, include intangible assets in the scope of financing collateral according to the operating characteristics and financing needs of private enterprises, expand guarantee business, and gradually improve the credit guarantee system for small and medium-sized enterprises with reasonable layout, diversified capital, market-oriented operation and standardized management. Encourage small and micro enterprises to strengthen cooperation, and provide emergency support funds for member enterprises by building mutual insurance alliances, mutual insurance funds, and "mutual fund for enterprise development" to ensure the normal operation of enterprises.
(5) Innovating the supervision service mechanism. Financial supervision departments should, in accordance with the requirements of national policies, implement preferential policies such as loan-to-deposit ratio deduction, preferential risk weight, and improving the tolerance of non-performing loans of small and micro enterprises, support local financial institutions to issue special financial bonds for loans to small and micro enterprises, formulate scientific and prudent market access rules for small financial institutions according to local conditions, implement classified supervision and differentiated supervision, enhance the tolerance of supervision, and continuously improve the supervision technology and effectiveness. Supervise the banking financial institutions to be strictly self-disciplined, earnestly assume social responsibilities, strictly implement the new loan regulations in accordance with the regulatory requirements of "three strictness and five prohibitions" for small and micro enterprises, prevent the loan funds from being misappropriated or lost, and ensure that the loan funds really enter the real economy; Strictly implement interest rate risk pricing and reasonably determine interest rates; Strictly implement the pilot task of small and micro enterprise credit loans in the province and effectively change the credit method that relies too much on mortgage guarantee; Strengthen on-site supervision, prohibit linking deposits and loans, prohibit all unreasonable charges, prohibit tying financial products, prohibit private lending intermediaries from financing, prohibit transferring the pressure of banks' own assessment indicators to enterprises, effectively reduce the financing costs of small and micro enterprises, and effectively help small and micro enterprises solve their financial difficulties.
(6) Encourage and support small and medium-sized enterprises to "go global". Encourage banking financial institutions to provide flexible and efficient financial services such as financing, settlement, remittance and information consultation for private small and medium-sized enterprises to "go global". Give full play to the unique advantages of RMB cross-border financial services in our province, encourage and support private small and medium-sized enterprises to use RMB for trade settlement in the pilot areas of RMB cross-border trade, and provide convenient services for small and medium-sized enterprises to settle and sell foreign exchange. Give full play to the policy role of export credit insurance, actively provide policy insurance services and financing support for foreign trade and investment of private small and medium-sized enterprises, and build a platform for risk aversion, financing promotion and information consultation for private small and medium-sized enterprises in our province to actively explore the markets in Southeast Asia and South Asia.
Fifth, further broaden the financing channels for private enterprises.
(1) Increase credit support. All banking financial institutions should optimize the credit management system, establish a unified credit rating system suitable for the characteristics of private enterprises, simplify loan procedures, improve the efficiency of credit approval, increase the scale of credit, accelerate the innovation of credit products and financial services, reasonably determine the level of loan interest rates, and strive to meet the credit needs of private enterprises. All policy banks should actively provide financial services for private enterprises in light of their own characteristics. State-owned commercial banks and joint-stock banks should actively strive for policies from the head office, increase credit support for private enterprises, constantly enrich and improve financial services for private enterprises, and give play to the main role of serving private enterprises. Postal savings banks should speed up the transformation of institutional outlets, improve the function of microfinance, and enhance financial services for private enterprises, especially small and micro enterprises. City commercial banks should accurately grasp the market positioning, screen and cultivate outstanding customers, provide efficient credit services for private economic entities, and win their own development space in serving the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Rural credit cooperatives should fully serve the development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, appropriately concentrate funds, actively support the development of county-level private economy, increase the support of "exemption from loans and subsidies", and promote urban and rural entrepreneurship to drive employment.
(2) Vigorously promote the listing of private enterprises. Give full play to the role of the joint meeting of provincial direct financing departments, further clarify the responsibilities of relevant provincial departments to promote the listing of enterprises, build an overall coordination mechanism and green channel for enterprise restructuring and listing, simplify various approval procedures, clarify the approval time, improve the efficiency of enterprise restructuring, issuance and listing, and speed up the listing of private enterprises in our province. Implement supporting policies to promote the listing of enterprises and reduce the financing cost of listing of enterprises. Private enterprises with high technology content, good market prospect and strong profitability, especially small and medium-sized technology enterprises, should make efforts in counseling, training and recommendation, and guide them to realize listing financing through small and medium-sized board and growth enterprise market. Securities regulatory authorities should strengthen the cultivation of private enterprises to be listed, and urge private enterprises to operate in accordance with the standards of listed companies during the counseling period; Guide listed private enterprises to actively expand the scale of refinancing by means of directional issuance and share allotment.
(3) Encourage and guide private enterprises to raise funds through multiple channels. Support qualified private enterprises to expand the financing scale by issuing corporate bonds, corporate bonds, short-term financing bills, medium-term bills, small and medium-sized enterprise collective bills, and trust financing. Encourage and support large and medium-sized private enterprises to expand direct financing channels through bond financing, equity financing and the introduction of insurance funds.
(four) to further improve the ability of insurance to serve the development of private economy. Insurance regulatory authorities should combine the development characteristics of private enterprises in our province, encourage insurance institutions to develop all kinds of insurance products with simplified procedures, comprehensive protection, clear responsibilities and quick claims settlement, and focus on providing property insurance, liability insurance, accidental injury insurance, microfinance guarantee insurance and other insurance products for private enterprises. Actively do a good job in the pilot work of private enterprise credit loans guarantee insurance, steadily carry out the investment of insurance funds in equity and creditor's rights of high-quality private leading enterprises, and promote the investment of insurance funds in private medical and health care and health care industries. Reasonably determine the insurance rates of private enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises, encourage qualified private enterprises to insure commercial medical and endowment insurance for employees, and support private enterprises to actively use insurance products to protect the legitimate rights and interests of employees.
(5) Actively explore new financing methods. Eligible private enterprises are encouraged to increase capital and share by directional issuance, and carry out financing by means of equity financing, project financing, lease financing, trust financing and fund financing. Standardize and develop the property rights trading market, effectively absorb and gather private financial elements, and promote the flow and reorganization of private capital. Explore the pilot of private enterprise credit asset securitization, and effectively improve private borrowing capacity.
Sixth, optimize the environment in which finance supports the development of private economy.
(a) Clear departmental responsibilities. Establish a provincial-level SME financing joint conference system led by the Provincial Industry and Information Committee, the Finance Office and the Kunming Central Sub-branch of the People's Bank of China, with the participation of the Provincial Science and Technology Department, the Finance Department, the Human Resources and Social Security Department, the Agriculture Department, the Forestry Department, the Commerce Department, the Industry and Commerce Bureau, the Federation of Industry and Commerce, and the Yunnan Banking Regulatory Bureau. Relevant financial institutions such as the Yunnan Securities Regulatory Bureau and the Yunnan Insurance Regulatory Bureau will give full play to the coordination function of financial work, establish and improve the four-way linkage mechanism between the government and banks, and formulate a high-quality pilot scheme for small and micro enterprise credit loans Strengthen the research on financial service policy of private economy and accelerate the construction of project library of private enterprises; Improve policies and measures to promote entrepreneurship and enrich the people, and provide convenient services for private enterprises. The Provincial Department of Finance, the Local Taxation Bureau and the State Taxation Bureau should implement the preferential fiscal and taxation policies of the state to support the development of private enterprises, especially small and micro enterprises, and increase their support for small and micro enterprises through indirect means such as interest subsidies and risk compensation. Provincial Department of Land and Resources, Housing and Urban-Rural Development Department, Environmental Protection Department, Intellectual Property Office, Industry and Commerce Bureau and other departments should constantly improve and standardize intermediary services such as mortgage and pledge of real estate and movable property for small and medium-sized enterprises, and reduce or exempt service charges such as registration, confirmation, certification, evaluation, guarantee, transfer, audit and capital verification for small and medium-sized enterprises. Kunming Central Sub-branch of the People's Bank of China, Yunnan Banking Regulatory Bureau, Yunnan Securities Regulatory Bureau and Yunnan Insurance Regulatory Bureau should cooperate closely, strengthen cooperation, supervise and guide financial institutions to implement national financial policies to support the development of small and micro enterprises, build cooperation platforms between banks, securities and insurance institutions and small and micro enterprises and guarantee institutions, innovate credit products and service methods such as small and micro enterprise credit loans, expand financing channels for private enterprises, and improve financing capacity and level. Kunming Central Sub-branch of the People's Bank of China should take the lead in carrying out special statistics, do a good job in monitoring and analyzing the development of private economy in financial services, promote the construction of credit system for small and medium-sized enterprises, establish and improve the punishment mechanism for enterprise dishonesty, and enhance the credit awareness of private enterprises; Strengthen the monitoring of private lending, cooperate with public security organs to crack down on illegal financial activities such as illegal fund-raising, and create a good financial environment to support the development of private economy.
(2) Strengthen the assessment and reward. The Provincial Finance Office shall, jointly with the Provincial Industry and Information Committee, the Science and Technology Department, the Finance Department, the Agriculture Department, the Forestry Department, the Federation of Industry and Commerce, the Provincial Financial Supervision Department and other departments, improve the evaluation and reward methods for financial support for the development of the private economy, and incorporate the financial institutions' support for the development of the private economy into the annual evaluation and reward content of the province's financial work. Governments at all levels should, in combination with their own financial resources, make overall arrangements for special matching funds for loan risk compensation for small and micro enterprises, and support local banking financial institutions to resolve the loan risks of small and micro enterprises in a timely manner. Industrial informatization and science and technology departments at all levels should arrange necessary special funds and give appropriate subsidies to private enterprises for listing and issuing bonds. Financial and auditing departments at all levels should strengthen supervision and management, ensure that all kinds of awards, subsidies and special funds are used for special purposes, and give full play to their benefits.
(3) Form a linkage mechanism. All localities and relevant departments should build efficient and pragmatic information platforms, project platforms, park platforms, market platforms and financing docking platforms, actively recommend high-quality private enterprises to financial institutions, closely connect private enterprises with financial institutions, and provide convenient conditions for private enterprises to raise funds. All financial institutions should strengthen the publicity of financial products and services, actively recommend financial products that meet the characteristics of private enterprises, especially small and micro enterprises, provide efficient and convenient financial services for enterprises, and support private enterprises to become bigger and stronger. The Federation of Industry and Commerce and chambers of commerce of various trade associations should strengthen their assistance and guidance to private enterprises, focus on training a group of private enterprise leaders, support private enterprises to improve the modern enterprise system, strengthen internal management, improve the transparency of production, finance and business information, and enhance their financing capacity. Private enterprises should standardize their operations, constantly improve their independent innovation ability, strengthen their main business and become big enterprises, win the support of various financial institutions, stress corporate credit, earnestly safeguard the creditor's rights of financial institutions, and form a good development pattern of mutual promotion and mutual benefit between private enterprises and financial institutions.
Further reading: How to buy insurance, which is good, and teach you how to avoid these "pits" of insurance.