Li Qingzhao's Pink Lips: "Stop posing, get up and adjust your delicate hands. The dew is thick and the flowers are thin, and the sweat is thin and clear. Seeing the guests coming, the gold hairpin slipped on the sock row. And walked away with shame, leaning against the door and looking back, I heard of Qingmei. " Cover yourself up with the detail of "sniffing green plums", so as to secretly see the action of the intruding young man, vividly depict a girl's psychological activities of surprise, embarrassment, curiosity and admiration, and establish an innocent, pure, emotional and somewhat reserved girl image in our hearts.
Yuan Zhen's short poem "Walking Palace" has always been famous for its implication of learning from the past and expressing the feelings of the past and the present. A poem said, "In the faded old palace, the peonies were red, but no one came to see them. The ladies-in-waiting are already white-haired and arguing about the grand occasion of Tang Xuanzong. " "Tang Poetry" said: "Only four languages are worth a song of everlasting regret." Yang's "Poetry Talk" calls it: "Ten words are 600 words in Lianchang Palace Ci, which is especially wonderful."
The following poems, which are organized around details, appear swaying and vividly express their feelings:
Gold glittered on a golden harp.
Trying to please Zhou Lang as much as possible, you see she deliberately dialed the wrong string.
-Li Duan's "Listening to Zheng"
The moon mark on the forbidden tree has passed, and my eyes are only on the Bird's Nest.
By the light of the lamp, I plucked the Hosta and carried the flame of the lamp to rescue the flame moth.
-There's an ode to my wife.
There are some weeds blooming by the Suzaku Bridge, and there is only sunset at the corner of Wuyi Lane.
Swallows under the eaves of Wang Dao and Xie An have now flown into the homes of ordinary people.
-Liu Yuxi's Wuyi Lane
Seeing the autumn wind in Luoyang, I want to write a meaningful book.
When the letter is written, I am worried that I have not finished what I want to say; When the messenger started, he opened the envelope and gave it to him.
-Zhang Ji "Qiu Si"
Every donkey carries a medicine bag on his shoulder, and the village lane is full of flowers.
* * * said I have been living, children are surnamed lu.
-Lu You's Medicine in Mountain Village
South of the city, under the busy lake, the old man is in the top 70.
There is also a dust mirror when you get married, and you can't make up with it.
-Lu You's Old Man
2. Qiu Si, an ancient poem related to details.
Year of Creation: Tang Dynasty
Author's name: Zhang Ji
Type of work: Seven-character quatrains
Look at the autumn wind in Luoyang,
The writer's book is full of meaning.
I can't talk about it in a hurry
Pedestrians came and opened again.
Precautions:
(1) Wanzhong: There are many descriptions.
(2) Pedestrian: refers to the messenger.
(3) Kaifeng: Open the sealed letter.
(4) Qiu Si: Missing in autumn.
(5) Luoyang: one of the ancient capitals of China, located in the west of Henan.
(6) Write: Write
translate
The autumn wind is blowing again in Luoyang city. It seems that the cool autumn wind is urging me to write a letter to my family. I will communicate with my loved ones and tell them. My heart seems to be inexhaustible, but I am in a hurry. The messenger is leaving. I opened the closed envelope again to see if I had expressed all my concerns.
Appreciate:
In the prosperous Tang dynasty, quatrains were full of feelings and scenes, with less narrative elements; In the middle Tang Dynasty, narrative elements gradually increased, and daily life events often became the common theme of quatrains, and the style changed from vigorous romance to realism in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Zhang Ji's "Qiu Si" is meaningful. With the help of a fragment of daily life-the details of thoughts and actions when sending letters home, it expresses the deep thoughts of people who are far away from home for their loved ones in an unusually real and delicate way.
The first sentence says you live in Luoyang and watch the autumn wind. Plain narrative, not exaggerated, but meaningful. The autumn wind is invisible, audible, tangible and tangible, but it seems invisible. However, just as the earth can be dyed green and bring boundless spring colors, the cold air contained in the autumn wind can also make the leaves of trees turn yellow and the flowers wither, bringing a wide range of autumn colors, autumn capacity and autumn state to nature and human beings. It is invisible, but it can be seen everywhere. Seeing this bleak and crumbling scene, the wanderer stranded in a foreign land will inevitably arouse the loneliness of being stranded in a foreign land and cause long-term thoughts for his hometown and relatives. This plain and meaningful word "Jian" gives readers rich hints and associations.
The second sentence is followed by "look at the autumn wind" and the word "think" is written on the front. Hans Zhang in the Jin Dynasty "saw the autumn wind, but thought of Wuzhong vegetable soup bass, saying,' Life is expensive but you don't want it, why do you stay thousands of miles to make a name for yourself?" "I rode home as I ordered (The Book of Jin Hans Zhang Chuan). Zhang Zu was born in Wujun and now lives in Luoyang. The situation is similar to that of Hans Zhang. When he was homesick, he thought about "Watching the Autumn Wind", which may be associated with this story of Hans Zhang. However, due to various unspecified reasons, Hans Zhang's "Driving Home" failed, so he had to write a letter to express his homesickness. " This adds to the already deep and strong homesickness the sadness of wanting to go back and makes the thoughts more complicated. The word "desire" is worth pondering. It expresses the poet's thoughts and modality when he spread paper and stretched out his pen: there are too many worries in his heart, and he feels that he has endless words to talk about, but he doesn't know where to start or how to express them at the moment. Originally, the abstract "meaning is very heavy", but because of this "longing for a writer's book", the expression and attitude description that can't be written become vivid, tangible and easy to imagine.
In three or four sentences, leaving aside the specific process and content of writing a letter, I only cut out a detail when the home letter is about to be sent-"I can't say it in a hurry, but it will be opened when pedestrians are imminent." The poet felt unable to write because of "heavy meaning" and had no time to think about it because of "passers-by" Deep and rich feelings and unspeakable contradictions were "hurried", making this letter containing thousands of words almost "I tried to read your notes in a hurry and found that the ink was too light" (Li Shangyin's Four Untitled Poems). The book is sealed, as if it had been said; But when a passer-by was ready to hit the road, it suddenly occurred to him that he was in a hurry just now, for fear of missing anything important in the letter, so he hurriedly opened the envelope again. The word "fear again" describes psychological nuances. This "about to open" detail is not so much to add a few words I haven't had time to say, but to verify my doubts and concerns. The uncertainty of this "fear" actually prompted the poet to make a decision to "reopen" without thinking, which just shows that he attaches importance to this "meaningful" letter from home and deeply misses his loved ones-a thousand words, for fear of missing a sentence. Of course, not all the phenomena of "pedestrians opening the door at once" in life are typical and worth writing in poetry. Only when it is associated with a specific background and a specific psychological state can it show its typical significance. This poem, written with the background of "watching the autumn wind", "meaningful" and "overwhelmed by fear", contains the refinement and typification of life materials, rather than a simple description of life. The poem evaluated by Wang Anshi said that "it seems the most unusual, and it is easy but difficult to achieve" ("On Zhang Shi"), which has won the essence of excellent works and the bitter "Samadhi". This poem, which is extremely natural, extremely plain and as natural as life itself, actually confirms Wang Anshi's detailed comments.
3. Detail description in poetry appreciation refers to the most interesting, intriguing and imaginative moment in literary works; Or write a word, an action or a smile of a character; Or write a moment in an ordinary life scene.
Successful detail description plays an important role in rendering atmosphere, setting off characters, expressing feelings, enriching the content of works and expressing themes.
Read the following poem and then answer this question. (6 points)
Qiu Si Zhangji
The annual autumn wind blows to Luoyang city, and my wandering son doesn't know how his relatives in his hometown are; Writing a letter to peace has too much to say and I don't know where to start. I'm no longer afraid to speak in a hurry, and pedestrians are coming to drive.
Wang Anshi commented on the style of Zhang Ji's poems: "It seems to be the most extraordinary, easy and difficult to achieve." What "ordinary" life details did Zhang Ji write in this poem? What kind of feelings did he express?
Thinking of solving the problem: first analyze the specific content of the detail, then analyze why there is this detail, and express the author's feelings in combination with poetry.
For example, in the poem, the author wrote such a detail: when the letter from home was about to be sent, he felt that he had something to say, so he "opened it again". The author stayed in Luoyang to watch the autumn wind, which made him miss his relatives in his hometown infinitely, so he opened the envelope and wrote it again.
Wen Letian Zuo Jiangzhou Sima.
Yuan Zhen
The residual lamp has no flame shadow. I heard that you have fallen into Jiujiang this evening. Sitting up in a dying illness, the dark wind blew the rain into the cold window.
The author himself was expelled from his hometown, and he was "dying". He "sat up in shock" when he heard the news that his best friend was exiled. An expressive detail vividly depicts the author's sudden surprise at that time, expresses his deep concern for the fate of his friends, and shows the true meaning of friendship, which is profound and poetic and memorable. The profound friendship between Yuan and Bai can be seen here. Bai Juyi was deeply moved after reading poems in Jiangzhou. In his letter to Yuan Zhen, he said: "This sentence is unknown to others, and the situation is embarrassing! So far, every time I sing, I am still very tired. " (Wei Shu)
4. What are the details in poetry writing? What is the significance of details to poetry writing? The most touching thing is the "details". China's classical poems by Wang Guangqing of Xinghua Middle School in Jiangsu Province are generally short and pithy, but the images are vivid, and vivid images cannot be separated from the description of details.
Many excellent poets often "snap" close-ups and impress readers with vivid details. The 2004 college entrance examination papers in Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Hebei, Anhui and other provinces were put forward from this angle. The appreciation material provided by the proposer is Zhang Ji's Qiu Si: "Look at the autumn wind in Luoyang, and I am eager for writers to write books. I was so anxious that I couldn't say it, and the pedestrians opened again. "
The examination question is: Wang Anshi commented on the style of Zhang Ji's poetry: "It seems to be the most extraordinary, but it is actually a piece of cake." What "ordinary" life details did Zhang Ji write in this poem? What kind of feelings did he express? It should be said that the topic begins with Wang Anshi's evaluation of Zhang Ji's poems, which seems to be the most unusual, and then asks for details. So the requirement is clear, that is, to find out the most typical details in the poem.
Some candidates regard all the poems as details, or "writing letters" as details, and some regard the last two sentences as details, failing to highlight the most typical detail of "reopening", or quite a few candidates do not really understand the meaning of "details". This poem expresses the wanderer's yearning for his hometown. The first three sentences are ordinary, "meaningful" or "inexhaustible", just plain and straightforward. Touching is the last sentence "pedestrians are about to open the door", which makes the realm bounce up. It is no wonder that Pan Deyu praised it as "the desperate situation of the seven wonders, the realm of the prosperous Tang Dynasty" in the poem "Raising Azhai"
The answer should be concise. It can be expressed as follows: In the poem, the author wrote such a detail: when the letter from home was about to be sent, he felt that he had something to say, so he "opened it again". The author stayed in Luoyang to watch the autumn wind, which made him miss his relatives in his hometown infinitely, so he opened the envelope and wrote it again.
Grasping the detailed description in poetry is an important link to understand poetry deeply. Theoretically speaking, details are also called "pregnant moments", that is, the most interesting, intriguing and imaginative moments, which can please readers and gain aesthetic pleasure.
For example, "Let's wave goodbye" in Li Bai's "Seeing Friends Off" can be regarded as a typical example, but unfortunately, it is often ignored by many people. People only pay attention to the use of the allusion of "A?vagho?a with spots" and praise it for reaching the wonderful realm of "wonderful craftsmanship", but never mention the extremely light detail description of "swinging the stick".
In fact, it is also very beautiful to be light to the extreme. You see, both pedestrians and farewell people are immersed in deep feelings of parting. Although they have feelings such as "and I think the long river is always rolling forward", they are cut off by the sadness like a knife. They know that "going to Yangguan for a thousand times is hard to stay", but they can only "say what they want and rest when they want", and don't cry if they want to, so they can put a thousand words into it. In Liu Yong's Rain Bell Forest, "Holding hands, staring with tears, but speechless and choking" is more typical. The poet chose a detail that was about to break up and presented it to the reader in a close-up way. The hero and heroine held each other's hands tightly, looked at each other with tears in their eyes, and choked up without saying a word.
This is really "silence is better than sound". The static picture suddenly has vivid vitality. In this relatively wordless silence, the sadness of parting is like a haze, spreading from the hearts of lovers and covering the whole world. After this, and heaven remains our neighbourhood, the road ahead is confused, and the clouds are light and the wind is light. How can I miss you? It is this choice of the most meaningful details that makes the words have infinite connotations and deeply shocks the readers' hearts. Let's look at Huang Tingjian's "A New Metaphor to Send Yuan Ming": "Middle-aged people are afraid of illness and don't raise wine. Are they lonely in the East? Call a guest to fry the tea mountain shop far away and watch people get cold after lunch.
But knowing that everything is fine at home, you don't need books to study. One hundred and eight hands, I'm still dreaming. "
The postscript of the poem captures the details of "holding hands" in "One Hundred and Eight Boards", which shows the deep affection between the poet and his brother very accurately and vividly. Kan Kan, the author, is full of emotion and has his own opinions.
Indeed, the use of detail description can make poetry walk out of mediocrity, see strange things in mediocrity and have the magic of turning stone into gold. Of course, there are various artistic descriptions. As far as poetry is concerned, such as metaphor, exaggeration, scene contrast, virtual reality and so on, are all successful artistic techniques. The use of vivid details and the formation of the whole article with details as the center can often appear concise, concentrated and lasting appeal, and such excellent works abound.
The poet Du Fu is good at capturing the expressive details that can show the essence of things and the mental outlook of characters. For example, "No matter what demands are made on them, do soldiers dare to extend hatred?" (Car shop) is such a detail, which not only reveals the soldiers' painful mood of "dare to be angry and dare not speak", but also exposes the cruel oppression of the feudal ruling class.
Another example is to use the detail of "The Silence of the Night is Like Tears" ("Stone Trench Officer") to imply the tragedy of the old woman being taken away, while in "Two Roads", the little gesture of "rhinoceros helps tired dogs for a long time" is used to describe the arrogance of that kind of lady. For example, Yang Guifei's corrupt life of eating litchi was exposed, which was recorded in detail in the history books (see New Tang Book? Biography of Yang Guifei, Supplement to National History by Li Zhao, and "Yang Guifei loves litchi"), Su Dongpo also made a vivid description in a long space (see "Litchi Sigh"), but in Du Mu's works, it was only condensed into four short poems: "Chang 'an looks back and embroiders in piles, and the top of the mountain blooms a thousand times. "
As soon as I rode on the smile of smoke and smoke, no one knew that the fresh fruit litchi was sent from the south. "("Guo Huaqing Palace ") The poet only picked up the details of Yang Guifei's smile when she saw people flying lychees at the racecourse, and it was self-evident.
The poet's sarcastic attitude lies in "concubine laughs" and "nobody knows". It can be seen that litchi is sent all the way to please a person. As for outsiders, I don't know the inside story. When they saw the emergency of running horses, they probably thought it was for military affairs. It is the detail of "Laughing Princess" that makes the finishing point and satirizes the lewdness of Tang and Yang Guifei. Another example is Yuan Zhen's poem Palace.
5. Ancient poems about details 1, Qiu Si
Author: Zhang Ji
The annual autumn wind blows to Luoyang city, and my wandering son doesn't know how his relatives in his hometown are; Writing a letter to peace has too much to say and I don't know where to start.
When the letter is written, I am worried that I have not finished what I want to say; When the messenger started, he opened the envelope and gave it to him.
2. Reed flowers can move
Author: Geng Kun
Even the ears of vegetables, turn over the autumn sky, and the details are sparse and arbitrarily long. * * * With the sound of the moon,
Lonely boat homesick.
3. Farewell to the Song of Running Horse River by Feng, General of the Western Expedition.
Author: Cen Can
Look, how fast the Benma River runs to Xue Hai! And sand, from the desert, yellow flies to heaven.
On the night of the ninth month, there was a cold wind blowing in the wheel tower and the valley, and the valley was full of broken boulders like pecking measures.
Down, forward, with the wind. Although the grass is gray and the Tatar horse is plump,
To the west of Jinshan, smoke is everywhere. General of China Army, start your battle! .
Wear your armor all night and let your soldiers March with rumbling weapons! ,
And the sharp wind tip cuts the face like a knife. Sweat like snow on horseback,
Freeze a five-flowered coin pattern, you come from the challenge of the camp, and you come from the ink bottle of ice.
It has cooled the heart of the barbarian leader, and you will no longer need a real battle! ,
We are waiting for the news of victory in Xiguan! .
Creation background
This poem was written in Tianbao 13th year (754) or Tianbao 14th year (755) of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, when Cen Can served as our ambassador in Northwest Anxi. During this period, Feng Changqing sent troops to fight several times. Cen Can had a deep understanding of the hardships and the joy of victory at that time, and wrote many poems to reflect this. This is a farewell poem written by Cen Can and Feng Changqing when they sent troops to the Western Expedition. It is a work of the same period, the same event and the same object as Song of the Wheel Tower Farewell to General Feng of the Western Expedition.
Literary appreciation
This poem mainly shows the scene of the army marching in the vast sand sea and frozen night. Although the environment is bad, the soldiers are in high spirits.
In order to show the patriotic spirit of the border guards, the poet used the method of contrast to describe the dangers of the environment by grasping the scenery with border characteristics, and tried to exaggerate and exaggerate the harsh environment to highlight the spirit of the characters who are not afraid of dangers. Metaphor, exaggeration and other artistic techniques are used in the poem, which is thrilling, vivid and enthusiastic.
6. Poems that describe details are difficult in the world and will be easy to achieve; Great things in the world must be done in the details. -Lao Tzu
2, husbands' misfortunes often add up, while wisdom and courage are trapped in drowning. -(Ouyang Xiu's Biography of Lingguan).
Disasters are often accumulated by tiny bad details. Even smart, talented and courageous people are addicted to some bad hobby, confused by it and eventually fall into poverty.
3. "If you are not careful, you will get tired of greatness." In other words, if you don't pay attention to details at ordinary times, it will be harmful to your moral cultivation and even make a big mistake.
3, don't do evil, don't do good. -Liu Bei's legacy to his son A Dou.
4. One short step makes an everlasting regret
5. If you don't sweep a house, how can you sweep the world?
6. Taishan does not refuse fine soil, so it can become high; Rivers do not choose streams, so they can be deep.
7. Poetry 1 expresses details, and details determine success or failure.
2. Success is the son of detail.
3. Pay attention to details and achieve great things.
4, if you want to be better than others, only in every little thing than kung fu.
5. If the great cause is small and fresh, pay attention to the details when doing great things.
6. Opportunities are often hidden in details.
7. The mystery lies in the subtleties.
8, workplace proverbs: the world's major events must be fine.
9. Don't let go of any detail.
10, small things make great things, and details make perfection.
1 1. Details come from attitude, and details reflect quality.
12, the essence of details is serious attitude and scientific spirit.
13, workplace motto: do small things carefully and thoroughly.
Errors in 14 and 1% will cause 100% to fail.
15, a casual detail can often reflect a person's deep cultivation.
8. What are the mosses in poems describing "details"?
It is a kind of green in a trance, which has been delayed by time. It is attached, lonely and silent.
It is enough to have a piece of water vapor, which grows and spreads in the direction of memory; It is aggressive and taciturn.
Domineering, overbearing and full; It is careful, light and casual. That kind of green grows in "old"
Words above, belong to the trace, fixed with water. It is a breeding ground for stories and a process.
Witness, it is a role, not valued, it is not as good as a supporting role, but it
There is a firmness and perseverance in our life. This kind of green, even the mosaic is unqualified, but it is green.
Freedom, nature and independence.
moss
I have been dumped by the lotus's temperament of being muddy but not stained, and I have also been impressed by the simplicity of rape flowers; I like tall and straight pine trees and tenacious grass, as well as snow-white pear flowers and golden autumn chrysanthemums. Today, however, I don't want to praise the celebrities in famous poems, just want to pin my feelings on the unknown moss.
Moss will not bloom, even a small wild flower; Moss will not bear fruit, even if it bears a small wild fruit. But it shows its vitality with tenacious life.
Its birth is humble-on hard rocks, in damp and dark corners. But it is still determined to settle down there, regardless of wind, frost, rain and snow, it still does not change its "heroic nature." At any time, it faces life with a vibrant face.
It is an "oasis" of life, where there is it, there is a breath of youth, which makes all dark places full of vitality.
A stone stands alone in a corner of the park, looking around, eager to meet a bosom friend. Yeah, who wants to decorate the cold corner? Hard rock. Who wants to paint it green? No one wants to devote his life to this neglected place.
Only it-moss!
Grass still needs sunshine, while moss only longs for a rain, so it does not hesitate to give it to rocks with the wind. Rock is no longer lonely, it is accompanied by moss; Rock and roll is no longer monotonous, it has the beauty endowed by moss.
Ah! Moss, you have never had the light green of grass, but it has its tenacity; You don't have a tall pine tree, but you have its selflessness; You have never had gorgeous flowers, but you have its optimism.
Throughout his life, there will be more unknown people like Moss. I hope we can all be as tough, selfless and optimistic as Moss.