Grafting is one of the artificial propagation methods of plants. That is, the branches or buds of one plant are grafted to the stems or roots of another plant, so that the two parts connected together grow into a complete plant. Grafting methods are divided into branch grafting and bud grafting. Grafting by using the function of injured callus of plants.

Grafting principle

Grafting is a kind of vegetative reproduction in asexual reproduction. When grafting, the scion should be closely combined with the cambium of rootstock to ensure the survival of the scion. Grafted branches or buds are called scions; Grafted plants are called roots or edible wood. Generally, seedlings with 2 ~ 4 buds are selected as scions, which become the upper part or top of the plant after grafting, and rootstocks become the roots of the plant after grafting.

When grafting, the cambium of the two injured surfaces are close together and tied together. As a result, due to cell proliferation, they heal each other and become a whole connected with vascular tissue. This is the principle of grafting.

Biological problems

Grafting can show that the nucleus is the center of genetic control.

Grafting is budding according to different branches of the scion.

The key of grafting is to make the scion cambium close to the rootstock cambium.

Grafting significance

In the process of production practice, there are many examples of grafting to improve economic value: for example, ordinary Metasequoia is worth one yuan; Through grafting, the economic value of Metasequoia glyptostroboides has increased by more than 20 times; Another example is the ordinary big-leaf privet tree, which is worth a few cents; By grafting, the economic value of colored-leaf framed trees has been increased by nearly 100 times. It can be seen that grafting is of great significance to the improvement of varieties and the improvement of economic value.

Grafting is of great significance to the propagation of some seedless fruit trees (such as persimmons and some varieties of citrus). Grafting can not only maintain the excellent characteristics of scion varieties, but also make use of the favorable characteristics of rootstock to achieve early fruiting, enhance the ability of cold resistance, drought resistance and pest resistance, and also make economic use of propagation materials to increase the number of seedlings. Commonly used for the reproduction of fruit trees, trees and flowers; It is also used for seedling raising of melons and vegetables. Grafting, branch grafting and bud grafting can be divided into two categories. The former is suitable for spring and autumn, especially in spring. The latter should be carried out in summer.