Cerebral vasospasm (CVS) refers to the abnormal contraction of cerebral artery for a period of time, which is common in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by ruptured intracranial aneurysm. And many other reasons may also lead to its attack. Such as abnormal vascular morphology, inflammatory reaction and abnormal cell channels. The most common cause is intracranial hemorrhagic disease. Strictly speaking, it is not a disease, but a passive vascular disease. If it is cured, it is necessary to remove the stimulating factors. Cerebral vasospasm is the main cause of disability and death in subarachnoid hemorrhage, which should be actively rescued.

After cerebral vasospasm, intracranial pressure often increases (headache, vomiting, fundus edema or aggravation), and the disturbance of consciousness is aggravated. The patient changes from wakefulness to lethargy or coma; Or from coma (early cerebral vasospasm usually recovers within 2 days) → awake → coma (cerebral vasospasm recurs). This dynamic change of consciousness is a remarkable feature of cerebral vasospasm. At the same time, there are often different degrees of focal signs, such as hemiplegia, mild hemiplegia, aphasia and so on. The patient continued to have fever, and the white blood cells in the peripheral blood continued to rise. However, the aggravation of the above symptoms is difficult to explain rebleeding (such as lumbar puncture failed to diagnose rebleeding) and intracranial hematoma, and cerebral vasospasm can be diagnosed by angiography.

The reason may be that hematoma or blood clot mechanically pulls and compresses basilar artery, and the nerve medium released by hypothalamus changes the tension of sympathetic nerve, which causes cerebral vasospasm through nerve reflex. Vasoconstrictive substances in body fluids increase, such as thromboxane A2, catecholamine and angiotensin. The increase of serotonin is the main cause of delayed cerebral vasospasm.