The answer is only two words, death. So how did the Liao country, which absorbed the advanced experience of the Central Plains and owned grassland fighters, perish?
People who like history may know that the last emperor of Liao was Ye Luyanxi, and the person who got rid of him was the founding emperor of Jin, Yan Hong Akuta. But as we all know, the last emperor can't bear the blame for the demise of a country, but the reason for the rise of a country can be found in its founder. Therefore, we analyze the reasons for the demise of Liao in two parts.
The most powerful period of Liao State should be said to be the period when Xiao Taihou came to power. At that time, the national strength of Liao was unprecedentedly strong, and the kings within Liao could not form a climate because of Xiao Taihou's tough measures. At that time, Dasong was locked in the Central Plains by sixteen states, and Xiao Taihou inherited her husband's diplomatic concept of "I won't hit you as long as you don't take the initiative to hit me", so Liao lived a very comfortable life.
As the saying goes, a comfortable life is often easy to kill people's will, but it is also true for a country. When Xiao Taihou's grandson Yeluzong really succeeded to the throne, problems began to appear in Liao country. In the early days of Yelv Zongzhen's succession, his mother Xiao Taihou (not ZSZSZSZ, the empress dowager of Liao was almost surnamed Xiao, because she wrote it yesterday) was as strong as the former empress dowager. Yeluzongzhen had to launch a war of aggression against foreign countries in order to establish his prestige.
In this way, Liao's policy of recuperation for many years began to change. Although the frequent use of troops brought prestige to Yelu Zongzhen, it also aroused the dissatisfaction of the people under the rule and greatly weakened the national strength of Liao State. In addition to wantonly using military force to weaken national strength, Yeluzongzhen also made a "small mistake". When he was in office, he didn't set up a prince in advance, and after drinking, he joked about passing the throne to his younger brother, Lu Ye Zongyuan. The speaker has no intention, but the listener has a heart. Later, when Lu Ye Zongzhen passed it on to his son Lu Ye Hongji, it aroused the dissatisfaction of Lu Ye Zongyuan.
Because Yeluzongzhen shook the foundation of Liao country when he was in office, Yeluzongyuan had room for development. After his nephew succeeded to the throne, he even launched a rebellion with his son. Although the rebellion named "Luanhe River Rebellion" is not a climate, it indicates that cracks have begun to appear in Liao country. As the saying goes, it is not easy to learn well, and if you don't learn well, you will slip away. When Emperor Tianzhu ascended the throne, it was also because there were no saints and masters when he was growing up that he learned the "five poisons".
On one occasion, he called the leaders of Nuzhen ministries rising in the northeast to have a tea party, intending to take the opportunity to shock them. At the banquet, he forced the leaders of Nuzhen ministries to dance for themselves. Jurchen ministries are not yet strong, so they have to "dance", but one of them has a strong waist and refuses to dance. Emperor Tianzuo is also a "large number of adults", and I don't blame him, but he wouldn't have thought that Liao would fall because of this.
This man's name is Akuta Wan Yan. He was outstanding in archery since he was a child, and he was even more brave when he grew up. However, unlike Emperor Tianzuo, he had a very good example in his growing years. His grandfather used to be the head of Hong Yan's department. During his tenure as the leader, he once concentrated the scattered Nuzhen ministries, and he himself became the leader of the alliance. Akuta's father is even more powerful. In addition to making Jurchen grow stronger and stronger, he also led many foreign attacks and defeated many surrounding enemies.
By the time Akuta succeeded to the throne, the ministries of Jurchen had actually completed the preliminary unification. The unification of Jurchen, in addition to the contribution of Akuta's elders, is also inseparable from the oppression of Liao country. In the late Liao Dynasty, the emperor was fatuous, his ministers blackmailed him, and the people were miserable. The emperor of Liao, seeing that his country had no oil or water, began to attack neighboring countries. Xixia in the west, Dasong in the south, and Nuzhen in the east are all targets of Liao oppression.
As we all know, no matter how chaotic a collective is, when it encounters foreign aggression, it will often put aside barriers and unite with the outside world. Therefore, the oppression of Nuzhen by Liao country, although on the surface, made Nuzhen lose some property, but it made the ministries of Nuzhen more United. On the one hand, the national strength of Liao continued to decline, on the other hand, Jurchen became stronger and stronger. As a result, the offensive and defensive began to change.
At first, akuta could only organize thousands of people to fight against the Liao army, but by the time the State of Jin was established, he had been able to mobilize tens of thousands of people to take the initiative to attack the Liao country with 20,000 jurchen, the most famous "Battle of Huanglongfu", and even defeated the Liao country's100,000 army. From then on, Liao could no longer organize effective defense. Over time, the strength of Jurchen became stronger and stronger, while the territory of Liao country became smaller and smaller. In A.D. 1 125, with the defeat and capture of Emperor Tianzuo, Liao was basically finished.
As can be seen from the above, the strength of Liao country comes from the political stability of the upper class and does not make trouble at random. The decline and fall of Liao country was due to its internal disputes and the blackmail of the rulers. In the end, a blow from abroad destroyed the decadent Liao country.