This paper focuses on the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine, trying to clarify the development of traditional Chinese medicine from ancient times to the present, as well as the development status and trend of traditional Chinese medicine in modern times. Through the article, we have a preliminary understanding of the development history of traditional Chinese medicine and the development trend of modernization of traditional Chinese medicine in order to make a simple review of the development of traditional Chinese medicine.
Keywords:: Literature review of modernization development of traditional Chinese medicine
Introduction:
Traditional Chinese medicine originated in ancient China, which occupies an irreplaceable position in the medical history of China and is one of the quintessence of China. With the development of society, Chinese medicine has gradually exposed many shortcomings, but this does not mean that Chinese medicine may be replaced by western medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine is still the characteristic of China medicine. The development of traditional Chinese medicine has a new direction. Traditional Chinese medicine should be combined with modern science and technology to develop modern Chinese medicine and make up for its shortcomings.
First, the origin of Chinese medicine
In the process of seeking food for survival, when collecting fruits, branches and leaves, roots and roots of wild plants or foods obtained from hunting wild animals and fishing to satisfy hunger, we occasionally eat some foods with strong physiological reaction, causing poisoning symptoms, especially those of gastrointestinal tract and nervous system, such as vomiting, diarrhea, numbness, coma, etc., from which we can find and know some toxic plants or animals. Due to the enhancement of human subjective initiative and the deepening of reflection on external things in natural activities, people will consciously choose and choose when they continue to look for food. This accidental encounter in survival activities has accumulated primitive health care consciousness, and many animals and plants have gradually been used as anti-disease drugs. Therefore, drugs were called "poison" in ancient times. Subsequently, with the discovery of natural drugs and the accumulation of understanding of the effects of drugs on the body, in the long-term production and labor process, in order to improve living conditions, human beings have successively created methods and technologies for farming and animal husbandry, and then in the process of consciously planting grain, vegetables and domesticating poultry, they actively identify and try various animals and plants to distinguish which animals and plants are non-toxic and edible, which animals and plants are toxic and which animals and plants are selected for medicine. Therefore, there is a saying that "Shennong tasted a hundred herbs and invented medicine". It can be seen that the discovery of natural medicines, that is, the beginning of medical treatment, is inseparable from the productive labor of primitive humans and the invention of farming and animal husbandry technology. 1
There are two ways in which drugs originated. One is from the innate instinct of human beings, that is, human beings have inherited the drugs used by animals (apes); Second, human beings get it from the day after tomorrow. The latter comes from three aspects: one comes from food, that is, medicine and food are homologous; There are natural substances from the discovery of non-food or known drug diseases to treat and find drugs; Some people have discovered drugs inspired by animals' own drugs. 2
According to a large number of documents, the origin of traditional Chinese medicine is very early, starting from primitive humans. Thus, Chinese medicine has a long history and irreplaceable position in China ancient medicine, and plays an important role.
Second, the position and role of Chinese medicine in the history of China.
Chinese medicine is the quintessence of China, especially in China, which is not open to the outside world. When there is no western medicine, people rely on Chinese medicine to treat diseases, mainly taking Chinese medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine plays a great role. In the history of China, it has the function of saving lives and preserving health, and has a lofty position in the medical field in the history of China.
Chinese medicine is a part of Chinese medicine and an expression tool of Chinese medicine theory. Looking back on the development history of traditional Chinese medicine, there are 365 kinds of drugs recorded in Shennong's materia medica, and there are 1892 kinds of drugs recorded in Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica in Ming Dynasty, including 1094 kinds of plant drugs, 443 kinds of animal drugs and 355 kinds of mineral drugs. At present, China's natural medicine resources have developed to 12807 species, including 1 146 species of plant medicine,158/kloc-0 species of animal medicine and 80 species of mineral medicine, which are constantly being updated and supplemented. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has become the main medicine for health care in China, which is worthy of further research and development. three
Traditional medicine in China has a history of thousands of years. It is an important part of Chinese culture, the crystallization of the wisdom of Chinese ancestors in the process of Chinese cultural inheritance, and a huge treasure house of knowledge. Traditional Chinese medicine, which originated from time, is a discipline with a unique theoretical system centered on treating diseases. The characteristics of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine are "holistic view" and "dialectical treatment" "Treatment based on syndrome differentiation" is the theoretical core of traditional Chinese medicine and the basic method of clinical diagnosis and treatment. This is also the basic feature and theoretical essence of traditional Chinese medicine. It is the basic principle and principle for TCM to recognize, diagnose and treat diseases. It is a concentrated system of rich clinical time experience in the unique theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine. It is the crowning touch in the theoretical system of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment, and has an irreplaceable position and function. four
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an integral part of TCM system, which plays an irreplaceable role not only in ancient China, but also in modern times.
Third, the development of traditional Chinese medicine in modern times.
Chinese medicine is mainly soup, which tastes bitter and inconvenient to take. In order to meet the needs of social development and the convenience of people's lives, Chinese medicine has made new progress. The most direct and significant change is the form of traditional Chinese medicine, from decoction to decoction pieces or granules. It is not only convenient for people to take, but also can concentrate the effective components of the medicine, making the curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine more obvious.
Chinese herbal pieces are an important weapon for treating diseases in traditional Chinese medicine, which can best reflect the characteristics of "syndrome differentiation and individualized treatment" in traditional Chinese medicine. They are flexible and changeable, and toast each other and last forever. The quality and correct use of Chinese herbal pieces directly affect the clinical efficacy and play an important role in the development of Chinese medicine. At present, there are some problems and unreasonable phenomena in the clinical use of Chinese herbal pieces, which hinder the correct preparation and healthy development of Chinese herbal pieces and affect the clinical status of Chinese herbal pieces. We must attach great importance to them and actively deal with them. On the basis of adhering to tradition, pioneering and innovating, promoting the standardization and standardization of Chinese herbal pieces with the improvement of policies and systems, and truly ensuring the clinical status of Chinese herbal pieces. Chinese herbal pieces are a traditional Chinese medicine theory and processing method. After processing, it can be directly used in TCM clinic. No solvent extraction, concentration, granulation and other processes are needed. The clinical medication and dosage in the kitchen can be appropriately tailored to the time, place and person, showing great vitality. With the continuous advancement of modernization of traditional Chinese medicine and the development and application of modern science and technology, traditional Chinese medicine has reached the era of coexistence of traditional Chinese medicine, formula granules, nano-Chinese medicine and ultra-micro Chinese medicine, but traditional pieces of decoction are still widely used in clinic. five
Fourth, the key to the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine
Many experts agree that the key to the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine is to remove some unnecessary impurities in traditional Chinese medicine and abandon the traditional principle of taking decoction as the main medicine. To prevent excessive use of medicinal materials, but few ingredients are really effective. The modernization of traditional Chinese medicine is to extract the truly effective parts of traditional Chinese medicine, process them and apply them to medicine more conveniently and effectively.
(1) research and development of new drugs
The research and development of new Chinese medicine is an integral part of the industrialization of Chinese medicine and the only way to modernize Chinese medicine. Facing the rapid development of science and technology, the research and development of new Chinese medicine in China is also facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. How to combine the research and development of new Chinese medicine with modern science and technology, that is, how to use and treat each other with the help of scientific theories and technical means, is the scientific connotation of new Chinese medicine. How to maintain the rapid and sustainable development based on the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine is one of the problems that we cannot avoid and need to solve urgently. six
(B) the development of Chinese herbal pieces
Chinese herbal pieces are the material basis of Chinese medicine treatment. Actively promoting the standardization, standardized construction and management of Chinese herbal pieces is the key to ensure the clinical vitality of Chinese herbal pieces. Starting from the national conditions of China, protecting the environment and resources, exploring and establishing a sustainable development model of Chinese medicine will ensure the healthy development of Chinese medicine. Strengthen the research summary of clinical efficacy verification of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, and establish an evaluation system of traditional Chinese medicine with clinical efficacy as the core. Under the premise of correct diagnosis, reasonable drug selection and proper use, curative effect is the only criterion to test the quality of drugs. At the same time, improve the quality of Chinese medicine personnel, and strive to inherit and carry forward the same goal of Chinese medicine under the current situation of emphasizing clear division of labor and close integration. seven
(3) Chemical research of traditional Chinese medicine
Chemical research of traditional Chinese medicine is one of the keys to realize the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine. With the development of international communication and the re-recognition and attention of natural medicines in the world today, the world market of plant medicines is expanding rapidly, and at the same time, the value of traditional Chinese medicine has attracted more and more attention from the world. However, due to the different theoretical systems of Chinese and Western medicine and the cultural differences between the East and the West, especially the material basis for Chinese medicine to exert its efficacy-most effective components are not clear, some even don't know the chemical components contained in Chinese medicine, and the number of reference substances available for quantitative use is even limited, which makes it difficult to choose quality control indicators and makes the quality control level of Chinese medicine not high. At present, the quality control indicators used can't reflect the internal quality differences of traditional Chinese medicine, can't guarantee the stability and uniformity of the internal quality of products, and are difficult to be understood and accepted by the world, which has become a bottleneck that seriously restricts traditional Chinese medicine from going global as a therapeutic drug. To solve this problem, the study of Chinese medicine chemistry is the premise and important way to improve the quality control level of Chinese medicine. The research on the material basis of Chinese medicine efficacy requires not only the accurate determination of index components, but also the identification of various chemical components, so as to control and evaluate the quality of Chinese medicine as a whole. The study of effective components of traditional Chinese medicine needs not only to distinguish the chemical components contained in it, but also to analyze and determine its blood components to determine the possible effective components. At the same time, the metabolic process and mechanism of action in vivo were further studied, and the curative effect was evaluated by combining the model and pharmacological indexes of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions, and finally the effective components related to traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions and syndromes were determined. The complexity and integrity of the research on the analysis of traditional Chinese medicine components determine that only one analysis technology can not meet the requirements of traditional Chinese medicine analysis, so we must consider using a variety of combinatorial analysis technologies for comprehensive analysis and give full play to the advantages of various combinatorial analysis technologies. nine
(D) Quality control of modernization of traditional Chinese medicine
In the modern society with the rapid development of modern science and technology, the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine still depends on the traditional chemical color reaction and plant identification, and a set of standardized quality standard system has not been established, which has greatly limited its application and popularization. With the deepening of globalization, especially the development of modern medical technology, traditional Chinese medicine with China traditional cultural characteristics is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. On the one hand, in the upsurge of "returning to nature", people attach importance to traditional medicine again. On the other hand, powerful multinational pharmaceutical groups, traditional pharmaceutical products from Asian countries such as Japan, South Korea, India and Thailand, as well as plant medicines from European countries such as Germany and France will have a great impact on Chinese medicine. Therefore, the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine is the fundamental way out for the sustainable development of traditional Chinese medicine industry, and the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine (proprietary Chinese medicine) is one of the key problems to be solved urgently in the process of modernization of traditional Chinese medicine. 10
In the final analysis, the quality of traditional Chinese medicine depends on its morphological differences and the types and quantities of chemical components, which can be reflected by images, chromatography and spectroscopy. Therefore, the development of modern analytical technology provides a basis for the comprehensive quality control of substances contained in traditional Chinese medicine by fingerprint.
At present, the analytical methods used are: ultraviolet spectrum, infrared spectrum, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. Using fingerprint to monitor the quality of Chinese medicinal materials (Chinese patent medicines) has gradually become a trend in China, and more and more attention has been paid abroad. 1 1
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1 1 Yan Yunli. Study on quality control of traditional Chinese medicine based on modern analytical methods. applied chemistry