Followed by Xiaotangshan Hot Spring in Changping, Beijing, with a recorded history of more than 500 years. It is recorded in "Outside the Yaoshan Hall" that Emperor Wu of the Ming Dynasty brought his empresses here to bathe. "Qing Tong Zhi" records that "water is like boiling, which can cure sores. In the fifth year of Kangxi, a large pond was chiseled and a carved fence was built. In the fifty-fourth year of Kangxi, Tangquan Palace was built and eight soldiers were stationed. When the palace was expanded during the Qianlong period, the former palace was near the hot spring and expanded into a harem. The Longwang Temple was moved to the east foot of Tangshan, where the queen often bathed. Up to now, the handwriting of the imperial pen "Jiuhua Powder Embroidery" still remains on the stone tablet on the top of the mountain. During the Guangxu period, it was expanded for summer bathing, as a stopover from the Gubeikou of the Great Wall to Chengde Palace for summer vacation. It is said that Cixi once came to Xiaotangshan to rest, and the stone pool at the south foot of Houshan was the bathing place of Cixi at that time. Later, this palace was destroyed by the fire of the Boxer Rebellion in Guangxu period and became a ruin. After the founding of New China, the ancient hot springs were revived. 1951-1956 established four hot spring sanatoriums, which were later merged into Beijing xiaotangshan sanatorium. 1985 was renamed as rehabilitation hospital, marking the development of emerging hot spring rehabilitation medicine. Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, Chen Yi, He Long and other party and state leaders of the older generation have all come here to rest and soak in hot springs. Now there are many hot spring resorts, such as Long Mai Hot Spring and Jiulong Mountain Villa, which is the first hot spring resort with nostalgic and modern facilities.
Other famous hot spring resorts are Chengde Tangshan in Hebei, Wudalianchi in Heilongjiang, Tanggangzi in Anshan, Liaoning, Aershan in Inner Mongolia, Tangtou in Linyi, Shandong, Qicun in Xinzhou, Nanjing Tangshan, Pantang in Chaohu, Anhui, Linru in Henan, Xing Zi in Lushan, Jiangxi, Conghua in Guangdong, Nanbei Hot Springs in Chongqing and Anning in Yunnan. , have their own hot spring history and cultural customs story, so I won't go into details here. The history and culture of mineral springs around the world can be traced back to 2000 BC. According to ancient Greek legend, the goddess who eliminated human diseases lived in a mineral spring and longed for it for some time. By 500 BC, it was recorded that sulfur spring cured some skin diseases, and "Shenquan" was worshipped by ancestors. In the Roman era of the third century, the development and utilization of mineral water has begun to take shape. It is said that there are more than 860 mineral baths in Rome. With the decline of the Roman Empire, the rulers banned water baths, and mineral spring baths almost disappeared. However, the Roman baths created by working people have not disappeared. They have become cultural relics and remain in some European countries for tourists to visit. /kloc-after the 0/5th century, the research on hot springs gradually deepened, and Italy took the lead in developing rapidly.
It was not until18th century that mineral water was seriously studied as a science. 1742, German doctor Hoffman determined some components of mineral water for the first time on the basis of a large number of predecessors' achievements, which laid the foundation for the development of mineral water science. Later, scholars from all over the world continued to improve, making mineral spring chemical analysis an important part of analytical chemistry.
After the 20th century, it entered the stage of theoretical research and applied research, and some developed countries set up specialized research institutions to hold academic activities and publications. A series of works. With China: Japan separated only by a strip of water, 1935 established the Society of Hot Spring Climate Physics and Medicine. Paris Hot Springs College, a unique Vichy spa, is very effective in treating digestive system diseases. Germany set up a mineral spring research institute in mineral springs, paying special attention to personnel training. 195 1 year, spa treatment is included in the compulsory course of medical colleges and universities, and training courses are often held to train clinicians and guide spa treatment. Moreover, there is a unique mineral spring analysis school in the world, which trains a group of professionals every year. The United States has also established some mineral spring research institutes, such as the Institute of Hot Spring Chemistry at Salakaran Hot Spring Resort in northern new york, which is still conducting research on the effects of radioisotopes on human body. Australia has conducted in-depth research on radioactive mineral springs. The country has the longest (about 4 kilometers) radioactive radon inhalation tunnel in the world in Costa Rica sanatorium. The former Soviet Union established many Spa resorts as early as the Tsar era. After the success of the October Revolution, all Spa resorts were nationalized. 192 1 After the establishment of Caucasian Spa Rehabilitation Institute, 1926 All-Soviet Natural Rehabilitation Institute was established. Romanian Institute of Mineral Springs 1949 was established in Bucharest, with clinical department, experimental physiology department and convalescent resources research department. Poland established the Institute of Mineral Spring Climate in 1952. Mineral spring inhalation therapy is unique, and body therapy and mud therapy in water are also very popular. All countries in the world have their own historical and cultural customs of mineral springs, especially Japan has its own unique hot spring culture. Japan is known as the country of hot springs, and there are more than 10,000 hot springs on the Japanese archipelago. Maybe I like hot springs best in the world these days. Every household in Japan has bathing facilities, but they still like to go to various hot springs in the streets and alleys of the hot spring area to soak in hot springs. In the bathhouse, you can enjoy luxury facilities that you don't have at home: electrostatic battery, massage pool, Chinese medicine pool, sulfur pool, sauna, impact bath and even wine pool. It can not only relieve fatigue, but also cure diseases and strengthen the body. More importantly, many people regard the bathhouse as a place to communicate, meet naked and get it off their chest. Japan's hot spring tourist areas are well managed and equipped, generally divided into indoor and outdoor, and outdoor hot springs are also called "open air". In the past, there were many open-air baths in Japan that were mixed by men and women, but now there are very few. However, as a tradition and culture, mixed bath is still stubbornly preserved in some hot spring tourist areas. Japanese people think that soaking in hot springs at 40-50 degrees will release hormones from the skin, so they use baths so that both male and female bathers can absorb heterosexual hormones contained in the water, thus promoting the metabolism of the body.
Volcanoes have brought all kinds of disasters to Japan, but they have also created rich hot spring resources for Japan. Among more than 2,200 natural hot springs, Oita Prefecture, Hokuri Island and Hokkaido are the most desirable.
Befu Hot Spring in Oita Prefecture has been famous in Japanese archipelago since ancient times, with more than 3,800 springs and daily inflow of more than 200,000 tons. It is the largest natural hot spring area in Japan, known as the "spring capital" and a world-class hot spring sightseeing city. Interestingly, Japan calls the hot springs here "hell", and the most distinctive ones are the steaming mud and high-temperature spring water in the "blood pool hell", which are considered by Japanese Buddhists as the rapids from the nether hell; Kagoshima Youbo's sand steaming hot spring is more attractive to women and is the only one in Japan. "Sand steaming" means that the whole body except the head is buried in hot sand, which is called "shale". It makes you sweat like a sauna, and your whole body will be hot in less than 5 minutes. Sand pressure and hot water will accelerate blood circulation, make you sweat all over, and physical and mental fatigue will disappear immediately, which has unexpected effects on preventing rheumatism and neuralgia. Because the hot water in the sand contains "sodium", it can make the skin smooth, so it has special effects on women's beauty and weight loss, so the sand steaming hot spring bath is especially popular with women; In Dendon, Hokkaido, hot springs are even more interesting, with its large and fresh natural environment as an advantage. Hot springs, rocks, flowers and green grass make up a pleasant landscape. There are many hot spring hotels in the street, among which the bathroom in Dengbie International Tourism Hall, with a length of 90mm and a width of 20 m, has more than a dozen hot spring pools of different sizes. The hot spring pools have different water temperatures, so you can take a bath at will, for both men and women and for both husband and wife.
In order to stimulate consumption and attract young people's interest in hot springs, Japanese businessmen have developed a public bathhouse in some hot spring areas, which integrates swimming pool and traditional hot spring bath, called fitness hot spring hall. This is a multifunctional hot spring facility. In addition to the hot spring swimming pool, there are various water sports and facilities. So people who come here to soak in hot springs can not only get hot spring baths and medical effects, but also enjoy water sports. Different from traditional Japanese hot springs, tourists can play and bathe in the hot spring bath in the Hot Spring Museum, but they must wear swimsuits. You can only bathe naked in a closed open-air bath. At present, the most representative health spa is located in Kanazawa City. There are not only hot spring pools, but also open-air Roman hot spring baths and air slides. The largest swimming pool also has artificial waves, and the sun lamp in the corner of the swimming pool is used to bask in the sun. There are nightclubs, restaurants, shopping centers, karaoke and electric toy playgrounds in the bath. There are tennis courts, hotels and golf driving ranges outside the bathing beach.