Text | Light Dust Audio Guest | Chen Zhongmu
Since ancient times, there has been a saying in China that "medicine and food are homologous", and there is also a saying that "treating diseases can prevent diseases". Compared with taking medicine after illness, even if one dose is cured, it is better to prevent disease. Therefore, many ingredients or seasonings commonly used by China people, such as ginger, jujube, poria cocos, licorice, pepper, etc., have the nature of medicinal materials themselves, and are commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions with obvious effects.
Not only is medicine and food homologous, but tea is also closely related to medicine. In the book Compendium of Materia Medica written during the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, it is mentioned that Lu 'an tea and Pu 'er tea can be used for "digestion" and Wuyi tea can be used for invigorating spleen and relieving hangover. The medicinal value of tea was included in medical books and became the basis of folk medicine. It's just that the discourse system at that time was not as profound as the current medical terms, and there were not many chemical terms with a sense of distance, but it is certain that the experience of ancient medicine based on the empirical evidence of doctor-patient interaction is still quite valuable.
Modern tea health research does not simply study the efficacy of tea from the perspective of ancient results, but focuses on the analysis of tea components, explaining or deducing the preventive or curative effects of tea on certain diseases from the components.
Huang Da tea lowers blood sugar, does jasmine tea prevent cancer?
Recently, the hot topic about tea health is the hypoglycemic effect of "Huang Da Tea". Among the six major teas, yellow tea has always been tepid, neither refreshing as green tea or white tea nor sweet as black tea or oolong tea. In some training courses that teach tea in workshops, there are no teaching samples of yellow tea, but the aged green tea is directly put into the microwave oven for several turns to simulate the "crisp fragrance" of yellow tea baking at high temperature, which shows the embarrassing situation of yellow tea in the market. Yellow tea tastes less, and well-made yellow tea on the market is also very rare. If we interpret yellow tea from the perspective of health care, it seems promising.
The research team of Professor Li Daxiang of Anhui Agricultural University found that the hypoglycemic effect of Huangda tea is more significant than that of green tea and black tea. They chose their own transgenic experimental mice with diabetes roots for experiments. Mice with diabetes are obese, but after drinking Huang Da tea, it is found that the obese body shape and blood sugar of mice are reduced, and fatty liver is also reduced. Professor Li Daxiang detected that the structure of catechin EGCG in Huang Da tea was also transformed into GCG from the biochemical point of view. Catechin GCG is a rare component in green tea, which is presumably caused by the "aging" processing procedure of Huangda tea. After baking at a high temperature of 1.30- 1.50 degrees, the catechins in tea changed, and the hypoglycemic enzyme activity of GCG was higher than that of EGCG. (Anhui Tea Society 20 19.7.7)
Song Dynasty's Anonymous Atlas of Bailian Religion (part, collected by Liaoning Museum)
The difference between Huang Da tea and ordinary green tea lies not only in the old fire, but also in the yellowing process. According to the tenderness of picking, yellow tea can be divided into yellow bud, yellow small tea and yellow tea. The raw materials of yellow tea are stems and mature leaves, which are picked late. Compared with yellow buds, yellow tea has lower price and longer picking period, which can also solve the problem of no tea in summer and autumn in green tea producing areas. In addition, for the development of tea industry, it is also one of the solutions to solve the livelihood of tea farmers in the off-season tea season. Some local governments even listed yellow tea production as one of the poverty alleviation projects, using official power to boost the momentum of industrial development and solve the economic problems of people's livelihood.
Behind the popularity of "keeping healthy with tea"
In addition to the hypoglycemic effect of Huangda tea, there is another anti-cancer research result of "Pianmen tea"-Fujian Jasmine Tea. Professor Han Chi from China Center for Disease Control and Prevention chose Hainan black tea, Hainan green tea, Fujian jasmine tea, Fujian Tieguanyin tea and Hangzhou green tea for the experiment. First, tar rats were given methylbenzylnitrosamine (5 mg/kg) twice a week. After six weeks, histopathological examination showed that different teas had different anti-tumor effects. Fujian Tieguanyin and jasmine tea have better effects, and jasmine tea group has outstanding protective effect on oxidative damage. In addition, jasmine tea and green tea inhibit the formation of AFB 1-DNA adduct of forced cancer, and the concentration of tea is directly proportional to the effect, and the higher the concentration, the better the effect. (Tea Weekly 20 19. 12.438+0)
Experiments have proved that some tea leaves have outstanding hypoglycemic or anticancer effects, which is really gratifying. However, if the fairness of the experiment is put on the market, it may not be as fair as before. Some time ago, a famous scholar published an article about the health care effect of Tieguanyin, claiming that the fragrant Tieguanyin can beautify and resist aging, and the fragrant Tieguanyin can reduce blood fat and protect the liver. However, Tieguanyin in the market is mixed, and there are still many people who are shoddy. There are many people who have not cooked fragrant tea thoroughly and have not fully transformed the irritating substances in tea. There are many problems of excessive roasting and even coking in Luzhou-flavor tea, which may have caused some harm before achieving health care effect. What is the difference between skipping tea samples to talk about health care and ignoring dosage to talk about toxicity?
Secondly, although the data in the laboratory is accurate, the experimental object is mice after all. The tea soup fed to the mice during the experiment is often difficult to be proportional to the volume of the mice, and its "dose" is not acceptable for human beings to drink tea every day. People's life is rich and colorful, including eating habits, living environment, mood, psychological state and so on. These are all variables that are difficult to control accurately in experimental design. But the experimental tea has the same name as the ready-made tea on the market, but the quality may be the same. It is difficult to guarantee that this cup of tea in your hand will bring health care or harm.
The experiment is valuable, but the actual price is higher. We recognize the reference value of experimental data and think that tea has health care function. It's just that this effect doesn't pursue immediate effect like a specific medicine, but people write the habit of "drinking good tea" into their life genes on the basis of normal diet, regular life and rich spirit, and enjoy all kinds of good tea in moderation for a long time without arbitrarily increasing their physical burden.
If this state is reached, tea can naturally play a very good health care role.
(Some pictures are from the Internet)
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