First, Chang Ming ascended the throne

Sima Yu, the king of Situ Huiji in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, finally hoped for a son after years of bereavement.

When Sima Yao was born, he met the first time in the East, and Sima Yu named him Obsidian. One day, Sima Yu opened a divination book. I saw a sentence written on it: "The Jin family is prosperous." He understands the meaning of this sentence, that is, when it is prosperous, the state of the Eastern Jin Dynasty will be over. As soon as I thought that my son's words were Chang Ming, which was exactly what I wanted, I began to cry and said, "I didn't expect Chang Ming to be at home!" " "In fact, they are all collateral.

Sima Yu was emperor for nine months. Before his death, he made Sima Yao, who was 1 1, the crown prince. The Crown Prince never shed a tear in front of his father's spirit, and people around him reminded him to cry as usual to express his grief. He replied, "cry when you are sad." Why not! "

Huan Wen, a fully armed Fu, was stationed in Gushu (now Dangtu, Anhui). Do you want to ask Huan Wen first, and then let Sima Yao succeed as emperor? Ministers have different opinions on this. Some advocate: "When it is necessary to punish Sima." Wang Biao said: "When the emperor is dead, the Crown Prince should inherit the throne. There is no reason to ask for instructions." In this way, Sima Yao immediately succeeded. It was July of the second year of Xian 'an (372).

The next year, Sima Yao had an unusual performance. In the cold winter, he only wears a few light clothes during the day, but covers several quilts at night. Xie An exhorted him: "You should play cards according to the routine and maintain your health. Your majesty is too cold during the day and too hot at night, which is against the way of keeping in good health. " He simply answered four words: "the day moves and the night is quiet."

At that time, the atmosphere of talking about Hyunri prevailed all over the country, and these words and deeds were very compatible with Hyunri. Sima Yi is famous for his "pure desire for nothingness, especially good at metaphysics", and Sima Yao is regarded as "good at reason without reducing the previous dynasty".

Second, Huan Wen is domineering.

Huan Wen had a great influence in the imperial court, and his cronies ordered through the Empress Dowager Chongde: "The emperor is young, so please ask Huan Wen to be regent during the national mourning. This is actually asking Huan Wen to be the acting emperor. Wang Biao added: "Living in a house is a very important event for the country and it is not feasible. "The house was put on hold.

In his final meditation, Huan Wen had predicted that Sima Yi would become emperor. At least, I will be a deputy emperor like Duke Zhou. Sima Yu's testamentary edict made him emulate Zhuge Liang and Wang Dao and assist Sima Yao. Naturally, he was annoyed. He concluded that it was Xie An and others who got in the way and gnashed their teeth.

In February of the first year of A.D. (373), Huan Wen led troops to Jiankang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu), the capital city, where Xie An and Wang led Manchu officials to meet him. At this time, people were in panic. It was said that Huan Wen wanted to kill Wang and Xie, destroy the Eastern Jin Dynasty and change the dynasty. Wang is also timid. Xie An did not change, saying, "The survival of the Eastern Jin Dynasty is at a critical juncture." When Huan Wen arrived, all the officials bowed down on both sides of the road, shivering.

Huan Wen summoned Chen. Wang braved the sweating, his clothes were soaked, he was delirious, and his hands were upside down. However, Xie An calmly sat down. After sitting down, he pointed to the guards who were surrounded like iron drums and said, "There is a saying that' princes have a way and keep their neighbors'. What does it mean for Gong Ming to enter the DPRK, summon ministers and arrange so many guards? " Huan Wen was overwhelmed by this silence and said with a smile, "No way." He ordered the guards to be removed and talked and laughed with Xie An for hours. In this way, the court finally had a false alarm.

Huan Wen relies too much on Xi. When Xie An and Wang go to see Huan Wen, they always lie in Huan Wen's tent and eavesdrop. Once, when the wind blew away, Chi Chao was exposed. Xie An humorously teased him and said, "Xi Sheng can really be called a guest in the curtain." Chi Chao blushed and could not speak.

At that time, the emperor was young and weak, and there were powerful princes outside. Xie An and Wang Zhongxin, to solve the situation.

In March, Huan Wen suddenly fell ill, 14 days later, he returned to his old age.

Huan Wen's condition became more and more serious, so he suggested that the court give him nine tin, and sent someone to urge him many times. Yuan Hongyong used Jiuxi to draft the imperial edict, and the draft was sent to Xie An for approval. Once, Xie An changed it once, and it dragged on for dozens of days, but it has not been finalized. Justin was puzzled by this, so he asked Wang Biao what was going on. Wang Biao said, "I heard that Huan Wen's illness is getting worse and worse, and he won't live long. Xie An used delaying tactics. " This dragged on until July, when the powerful minister died, and the crisis of Sima Yao being deposed finally passed.

Third, Xie An Fuzheng.

Xie An showed superhuman wisdom and courage when dealing with Huan Wen, and became the mainstay of the imperial court. In the first year of Taiyuan (376), 14-year-old Sima Yao took power and appointed Xie An as the secretariat to record history. The following year, he was appointed as the commander-in-chief and commander-in-chief of the five states and the army in Xu Yanqing. In this way, Xie An swept all the military and political power in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

At this time, the pre-Qin established by the northern Di people became increasingly powerful and often harassed the northern border of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Sima Yao sent letters to look for him. Xie Xuan, Xie An's nephew, applied. Xie Xuan recruited soldiers in Jingkou area (then called "Beifu"), organized a new army, and got Liu Laozhi and other brave soldiers. Liu Laozhi led the elite troops as pioneers and won every battle. This new army is called "the northern government soldiers".

In August of the eighth year of Taiyuan (383), Fu Jian, the former king of Qin, personally led 270,000 cavalry and 600,000 infantry to attack Jin. This so-called million-strong army is evenly matched, and it is possible to smash the Eastern Jin into powder. Sima Yao and Xie An sent Xie Shi as the conquering commander, Xie Xuan as the vanguard commander, and led 80,000 soldiers to resist.

In October, the Qin Jun striker arrived in Shouyang (now Shouxian County, Anhui Province) and confronted the Eastern Jin striker who came to resist. Xie Shi and Xie Xuan analyzed the situation and thought that it would be difficult to become enemies if one million Qin Jun came. We should take advantage of the fact that his various armies have not met yet and attack quickly; As long as we defeat this vanguard, the whole Qin Jun will collapse.

Xie Xuan sent someone to see Fu Rong: "You have camped near the water bank. This is a protracted war, not a quick victory. Please retreat from your camp, carve out a clearing at the water's edge as a battlefield, and let the Jin army cross the water to fight you. " The former Qin generals all said, "I'm outnumbered, so I'd better stop here and that's it." Fu Jian, who came to bid, thought that when the troops of the Eastern Jin Dynasty crossed the river, they retreated to Qin Jun and sent cavalry, which was invincible. Fu Rong also agreed with this idea, so he ordered to retreat. Who knows this, immediately caused chaos, Xie Xuan took the opportunity to lead 8 jin j across the water, attack ashore. Fu Rong went to the front and tried to hold him. His mount was knocked down by the mutinous soldiers, and he himself was killed by the attacking nomads. Qin Jun lost his coach and was a complete failure. Jin chased him, trampled himself under his feet, and his body was full of wild plugs.

When other troops in the former Qin heard that the striker was defeated, they all turned around and fled. They listened with trepidation, and they also suspected that the chasing 8 Jin J was coming. They fled day and night, sleeping on the grass, hungry and cold. Qin Jun lost 78%.

With the victory of the Battle of Feishui, Sima Yao once again escaped the crisis of national subjugation.

Fourth, Sima Daozi's autocracy.

Sima Yao's half-brother, Sima Daozi, was named Lang Wang at the age of 9 and owns more than 7,600 food cities. In September of the eighth year of Taiyuan (383), just as the former Qin Dynasty invaded the south, 20-year-old Sima Daozi was entrusted with the important task of recording six events in Shangshu and began to intervene in state affairs. After the Battle of Feishui, Xie An began to be crushed.

Wang Guobao, son-in-law of Xie An, has a bad personality. Xie An hates him and doesn't take him seriously, making him an unknown Shang Shulang. Wang Guobao thinks that he was born in a noble family of Langxun Wang family and has always been an honest official, so he bears a grudge against Xie An. My sister is the concubine of Alice and Daozi. Wang Guobao often speaks ill of Xie An in front of Sima Daozi, who regards these ill words as shells attacking Xie An in front of Sima Yao. Xie An made great contributions to the battle of Feishui, and people who were jealous of him tried their best to corrupt him.

Sima Yao's trust in Xie An is not as good as before.

In the tenth year of Taiyuan (385), Xie An was driven out of Jiankang, out of Guangling (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu), and built a new city in Buqiu, leading a leisurely life. In September, Xie An died of illness, and the Eastern Jin Dynasty lost its last pillar.

After Xie An's death, Sima Daozi took charge of Yangzhou secretariat, recorded history, supervised Chinese and foreign military affairs, and fully controlled military and political power.

Sima Yao gradually indulged in debauchery and womanizing; Sima Daozi is a debauchery and often gets drunk with his brother. The two brothers also believe in Buddhism, and the Buddhist temples built are extremely expensive, and most of their relatives are male and female monks. People around us, fighting for power and profits, asking for help in traffic, bribing people to do business and rewarding officials, the prison is chaotic and the situation begins to deteriorate. Minister Lu Na looked at the palace, sighed and said, "What a nice home! The ignorant urchin will destroy it! "

SiMaDaoZi internal and external potential, near and far rush together, Sima Yao meaning gradually uneven, two brothers began to conflict.

Wang Guobao encouraged courtiers to jointly write to the emperor, asking for a special gift for Sima Daozi. Che Yin thinks that young Zhou Chengwang gave his uncle Duke Zhou a special gift. Now that my brother is an emperor, how can I give him a special gift? He said he was ill and didn't participate in the signature. Sima Yao was very angry when he saw this letter, but he appreciated that Che Yin didn't sign it.

Fan Ning, trusted by Sima Yao, made many suggestions, corrected shortcomings and denounced traitors. Wang Guobao is Fan Ning's nephew. Fan Ning persuaded Sima Yao to belittle and flatter his nephew Sima Daozi. Yuan Yuezhi is also favored by Sima Daozi, and is in the same strain as Wang Guobao. Wang Guobao asked him to write a letter to Shu with the sweet words of a nun, and told Shu to be sincere and trustworthy in front of Sima Yao. Later, it was discovered by Sima Yao, and Yuan Yuezhi was beheaded for other reasons. So he turned to speak ill of Fan Ning with Yi and Daozi and demoted Fan Ning to a local official.

Sima Daozi is autocratic and extravagant. Zhao Ya and Mushroom Qian Qiu, whom he trusted, were both singers and thieves, and both became high officials by flattery and bribery. Yueya built a mansion for Sima Daozi, building mountains and crossing pools, which cost a lot. When Sima Yao came to this mansion, he criticized: "There are mountains in the mansion, which is very good; But there are too many renovations. " SiMaDaoZi couldn't answer. Mushroom selling official titles in Qian Qiu were exposed. Sima Yao became more and more disgusted with his younger brother's behavior, but due to brotherhood, he could not make up his mind to depose him. So, he selected Wang Gong, Xi Hui, Yin Zhong Kan, Wang Xun, Wang Ya and other prestigious ministers whom he trusted, and entrusted them with important local positions to prevent and contain the power of Sima Daozi. Sima Daozi also called Wang Guobao and his younger brother Wang Xu his confidants. In this way, two gangs were formed in the imperial court.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) poisoning and violent collapse

Wang Fahui, the queen of Sima Yao, was born in a noble family, the royal family in Taiyuan. Her father Wang Yun is the magistrate of Xing Wu, and her aunt is the queen of Ai Jin.

When Sima Yao chose the queen, he asked his ministers' opinions. Xie An recommended: "If the emperor chooses to marry the queen, his family status should be like that of Wang Yun." That is, I visited Wang Yun's daughter, and they all said that Rong Deshu ordered her to be elected. In the third year of Kangning (375), Huan Chong and other ministers played "Wang Fa will be rebellious, and the four industries will be prepared", "Virtue is strong, and good accumulation comes first" can be called "the mother instrument of the world". In this way, 16-year-old Wang Fa will be elected as the queen.

Who knows that Wang Fa is addicted to alcohol, arrogant and jealous, which makes Sima Yao helpless. One day, Sima Yao called Wang to Dongtang, told his daughter's fault, and asked him to admonish him. Since then, Wang Fahui has slightly converged. Probably because she drank too much wine, she only lived to be 2 1 year old.

Sima Yao's two sons belong to Shu Yuan and Chen Gui respectively.

Chen Guinv is the daughter of Chen Guang who advocates Excellence. She is beautiful and good at singing and dancing. She was elected to the palace to become Shu Yuan, and gave birth to Sima Dezong and Sima Wende. She didn't live long either. She died in Taiyuan for fifteen years (390).

From then on, Sima Yao's favorite is Zhang Guiren.

Sima Yao's capacity for liquor is getting worse and worse, and he indulges in the inner hall almost every day, and outsiders rarely see him. One day in September of the 21st year of Taiyuan (396), he and Zhang Guiren were drinking in the harem, accompanied by prostitutes. Zhang Guiren is nearly thirty years old. Sima Yao joked with her with an expression: "You have reached the age of falling out of favor. I want to find a younger and more beautiful one. " She realized the truth and held a grudge. In the evening, Sima Yao, who was drunk, slept soundly in Qingshu Temple. Zhang Guiren got all the eunuchs, big and small, as drunk as a fiddler and sent them to rest. Then, she asked the maid to cover Sima Yao's head with a thick quilt and suffocate him alive. She also bribed people around her with a lot of money, saying that it was "suddenly collapsed because of embarrassment." At that time, Prince Sima Dezong was weak and dictator Sima Daozi was at a loss. Nobody asked about the regicide incident, and it got by.

Sima Yao died at the age of 35. In November this year, he was buried in Long Ping Ling. Temple name filial piety and emperor wudi.