One, 20-30 years old, healthy, do a good job of routine physical examination.
Generally, before the age of 20, except for congenital diseases, most people are very healthy and in the golden age of growth. After the age of 20, the physical examination of this age group focuses on infectious diseases and mental illness, because they often have irregular lives and frequent sexual lives, so they are at greater risk of contracting infectious diseases. When you first enter the workplace, the pressure is relatively high. If it is not handled well, there will be mental illness and insomnia. Therefore, young people aged 20~30 should focus on screening infectious diseases and mental diseases, such as hepatitis B, Helicobacter pylori detection, and self-test of mental diseases.
20-30 years old, the body's resistance and immunity are at a high level. In addition to routine physical examination, we should pay more attention to the screening and prevention of infectious diseases at this stage, such as hepatitis, digestive tract infection (Helicobacter pylori) and urogenital system (human papillomavirus) infection.
Therefore, it is suggested to attach importance to and increase five items of liver function in physical examination; Five items of hepatitis B; C 13 or C 14 respiratory examination, in addition, married or sexually exposed women can have a cervical, pelvic and breast examination every 1~2 years; Men have a testicular examination once a year.
1, girls' attention: 2, boys' attention:
1 breast? ① Liver function
② Uterine adnexa ② Uric acid
③ Anemia and hypotension; ③ percentage of body fat
20 years old is a turning point in life, and many habits formed at this time will accompany you for life. So at this stage, we should develop good habits and lay a solid foundation for good health.
Develop good living habits
When you are young, no matter whether you are male or female, you must form the habit of not smoking, drinking, staying up late less and not being obsessed with junk food, so that you can benefit for life. In addition, we should pay attention to the following aspects:
Keep exercising and save your muscles.
Any physical activity and physical activity are completed by skeletal muscle contraction, which directly affects the strength and endurance of human body. Besides running, swimming, playing ball and other aerobic sports, push-ups, elastic belt, dumbbells and other resistance sports are also essential.
Reasonable diet and calcium supplement
Generally speaking, the peak of the highest bone mineral density appears at the age of 20-30. Recent studies have proved that if you supplement more than 1200mg of calcium every day at this time, more calcium can be deposited in bones, the peak bone mineral density will rise higher, and the probability of osteoporosis in the elderly will also decrease.
Therefore, it is suggested that young people should supplement1200 ~1500mg of calcium every day. Foods with high calcium content should include milk, meat and eggs, and at the same time supplement enough minerals, vitamins, carbohydrates and lipids to promote the absorption and utilization of calcium. In short, a balanced diet is the key.
Second, 30-40 years old, blood sugar enters our sight.
People in this age group should focus on chronic diseases, and their careers are on the rise. They tend to have poor diet control and have more social activities, and are prone to chronic diseases such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. Therefore, the physical examination should focus on screening for three highs and cancer. Women should pay special attention to cervical cancer and breast cancer, which can be checked by vaginal color Doppler ultrasound, human papillomavirus and TCT. Chronic diseases are hereditary. If the elders in the family have three highs, they should strengthen management at ordinary times.
1, female focus:? 2. Men pay attention to:
① Thyroid ① Fatty liver (digital liver ultrasound)
② Uterine adnexa ② Thyroid gland
③ Breast cancer screening? ③ Cholesterol
④ Cervical cancer screening? ④ Body fat percentage (body composition analysis)
30-40 years old, at that time, hard work in the workplace, staying up late and working overtime, traveling and entertainment, smoking and drinking, and sitting for a long time at work are all common things, and at this time, people who are obese and have three highs will also increase. Therefore, the focus of this period is:
Maintain a healthy weight
Obesity will not only increase the risk of "three highs", fatty liver and gout, but also make the risk of heart disease twice as high as that of people with normal weight, and the risk of Alzheimer's disease and cancer is also higher. Therefore, it is very important to keep a reasonable weight all the time. The following three standards should be strictly implemented:
① Body mass index = weight (kg)/ height (m), controlled within 18.4 ~ 24.9.
② Waist circumference should be controlled below 90cm for men and below 80cm for women.
③ Body fat rate: The body fat content measured by body composition analysis should not exceed 25% for men and 28% for women.
Keep your mouth shut, spread your legs, and a light diet with high quality is the basis of weight control and weight loss.
Control blood pressure, blood lipid and blood sugar.
According to the latest research published in the Journal of American Heart Association, if your blood pressure is above 130/80mmHg when you are between the ages of 18-39, the risk of heart failure will increase by about 37% no matter how you control it after 40. When the level of bad cholesterol exceeds 100mg/dl, the risk of coronary heart disease in old age is about 65% higher.
Therefore, before the age of 40, we must strive to control blood pressure, blood lipids and blood sugar. It is suggested that blood pressure, blood sugar and blood lipid should be checked every six months for the general population, and once every three months for the obese population. If there is any abnormality, adjust it immediately.
Reminder: Most of the early mild "three highs" problems do not need to take medicine, and the condition can be controlled or even reversed simply through life conditioning intervention, such as adjusting diet structure, persisting in exercise, and replacing tea with tea. Therefore, we must find out early and intervene early.
Third, 40-50 years old, care about your heart.
People of this age should focus on tumors. After the age of 40, people's physical condition begins to decline, the secretion level of hormones in the body will also change, and their mood will fluctuate easily, and they are prone to chronic diseases such as nodular tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and people with family genetic history will also increase the risk of illness.
Therefore, if one of the relatives within three generations has had a tumor, it is necessary to carry out the relevant physical examination as soon as possible. Taking gastric cancer as an example, the age of family members suffering from gastric cancer minus 15 is the age when gastroscopy is needed.
1, female focus:? 2. Men pay attention to:
① Blood sugar ① Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
② cholesterol ② cholesterol
③ Cervical cancer screening (TCT/ human papillomavirus) ③ Prostate.
4 gastrointestinal examination? ④ Colon cancer examination
⑤ Endocrine examination? ⑤ Low dose spiral CT of lung.
6 breast cancer screening? ⑥ Blood sugar ⑥ Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ⑥ Endocrine examination
Pay attention to menopausal symptoms
Many people think that menopause will pass with patience, but this is actually wrong. Menopause is not only a period of transition from middle age to old age, but also a period of high incidence of diseases. If you don't pay attention to conditioning your body, the risk of diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, cervical cancer, osteoporosis and depression will also increase greatly!
Both men and women go through menopause, but men are relatively relaxed-for women, if the length of two adjacent menstrual cycles changes for more than 7 days, and this situation occurs repeatedly in 10 menstrual cycles, it is considered as perimenopausal. Usually, you can eat more soybeans and their products properly, adjust the estrogen level and balance the internal environment.
For men, it is often manifested as sexual dysfunction, inattention, physical decline, fatigue, loss of appetite, weakness of waist and knees, etc. More zinc-rich foods such as oysters, clams, oysters and clams can be supplemented appropriately.
Cardiovascular health care
Atherosclerosis is the basis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Studies have proved that atherosclerosis usually begins at the age of 40, with the fastest progress at the age of 40-50, and slow progress after 60. Therefore, prevention is more critical after the age of 40!
Four, 50+ years old, pay attention to the intestinal tract and bone mineral density.
People over 50 years old should focus on screening cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, tumors and osteoporosis. For patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, ECG, cerebrovascular diseases and color Doppler echocardiography should be checked regularly, and cancer screening should focus on lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer.
Many people are afraid of gastroscopy, so they often ignore it. In fact, regular gastroscopy combined with tumor markers detection can find precancerous lesions early and greatly improve the cure rate of gastrointestinal tumors. After the age of 50, the bone loss is accelerated, so we should pay attention to the detection of bone mineral density, usually pay attention to the supplement of vitamin D and calcium, and strengthen exercise.
1, female attention: 2, male attention:
① Bone mineral density ① Blood sugar
② Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases? ② Cholesterol
③ Gastrointestinal tract ③ Prostate.
④ Colon cancer screening? ④ Bone mineral density
5 breast cancer screening? ⑤ Low dose spiral CT of lung.
6 cervical cancer screening? (TCT/ human papillomavirus) ⑥ Gastrointestinal examination
⑦ Low dose spiral CT of lung? ⑦ Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
8 colon cancer examination
The above are some health problems that should be paid attention to at different ages, but they are only a reference. Not everyone will have these diseases at these ages. Don't worry too much. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and an optimistic attitude is helpful to prevent diseases.