Celebrities have always been the object of young people's worship and learning. This book carefully selects 80 representative figures who can inspire the growth of teenagers from the long history of China for 5,000 years. They are classified as scientists, thinkers, politicians, militarists and artists, and sorted by year of birth, showing the extraordinary growth process of great men one by one, providing a convenient way for young people to know China celebrities. More than 300 beautiful pictures show real celebrities, and the pictures and texts complement each other, which can give teenagers happy visual enjoyment and broad imagination space. Reading the growth stories of these great figures can help children learn some successful experiences and lessons from celebrities as soon as possible, improve their cultural literacy and design their own successful life path.

scientist

Inventor of papermaking-Cai Lun

Zhang Heng, an outstanding scientist in Han Dynasty

Hua Tuo, a magical doctor with a wonderful hand to rejuvenate.

Doctor Zhang Zhongjing

Great scientists-competing with each other

Northern Wei geographer Li Daoyuan

Long-lived "Medicine King"-Sun Simiao

An astronomer born as a monk.-Okay.

A well-read and knowledgeable scientist-Shen Kuo.

Bi Wei, inventor of movable type printing

An Innovator of Textile Technology —— Huang Daopo

Li Shizhen devoted his life to the study of materia medica.

Hua Tuo, an Anhui native, was born in the 2nd century AD and was born in Peiguoqiao County at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Hua Tuo was a famous physician and health care doctor at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and his surgical skills were particularly exquisite. He first applied anesthetic to surgery, which greatly promoted the development of surgery.

When Hua Tuo was very young, his mother died of a sudden illness. From then on, Hua Tuo decided to be a doctor to treat the poor and relieve their suffering.

He heard that the elders of the "Qionglin Temple" had excellent medical skills, so he took the trouble to travel across mountains and rivers to learn from the teacher. When the elders of Qionglin Temple saw him coming from afar, they sincerely accepted his apprentice.

In the temple, he finished chores during the day, and whenever he was free, Hua Tuo went to see the master to treat diseases and read medical books until late at night. His diligence was praised by his master.

Once, the elder suddenly fell ill and fainted, and all the brothers panicked, but Hua Tuo was very calm. He took the initiative to feel the master's pulse and meditated. After a while, he said to his brothers, "Never mind. The master's pulse is calm and strong. Nothing serious, just fatigue. It will be all right soon. Please rest assured. "

Everyone will be practical after listening. Who knows that everyone just calmed down, but the master smiled: "Haha, you people only passed Hua Tuo!" " It turns out that the master is not really sick, but is consciously testing everyone. Back in the house, Hua Tuo found that he had just knocked down the candlestick because he had to leave in a hurry, and the medical books on the table were burned. He remained silent. I wrote another book quietly. When the master learned about this, he was full of praise for Hua Tuo.

As early as the Eastern Han Dynasty, Hua Tuo was able to operate on patients. However, there was no anesthetic at that time. During the operation, patients often move their limbs because of severe pain. Helpless, Hua tuo had to bind the patient. But this still won't work. As long as the patient sees the knife in Hua Tuo's hand, he will scream in fear. Seeing the patient's painful appearance, Hua Tuo was very distressed.

One day, several people carried an injured young man to seek medical treatment. Hua tuo saw that the man's leg was broken and he was in a coma with pain, so he immediately operated on him. Due to serious injury and excessive blood loss, Hua Tuo had no time to dress the patient as usual and began the operation. At first, Hua tuo was afraid that the patient would move, and asked the escort to hold the patient's limbs hard, but the patient had no intention of struggling. The operation went very smoothly. Hua tuo is very puzzled:

"What's going on? Why didn't the patient respond? "

He observed carefully and smelled a smell of wine. Hua tuo suddenly realized: when people are drunk, they will lose consciousness, and of course they will not know the pain! Hua tuo got a great inspiration from it: inventing a medicine that patients can take before surgery can alleviate the pain.

Since then, Hua Tuo has traveled all over the mountains and rivers, consulted with many people who are proficient in medical skills, and personally collected many herbs in the mountains and made various prescriptions. He went through hardships, tried first and then tried again and again, and finally invented leprosy powder, an anesthetic of traditional Chinese medicine. From then on, people no longer have to worry about pain when doing surgery.

Hua tuo's diagnostic technique is superb. One day on the road, Hua Tuo met a patient who was lying in the car moaning. The man wanted to eat because his throat was blocked, but he couldn't eat. Hearing his voice, Hua Tuo said to his family, "You go to the roadside to sell cakes, and they want three or two pieces of garlic (garlic paste), plus half a bowl of sour vinegar, which can be cured by mixing well." The patient took the medicine according to the doctor's advice and spit out a long bug. Sure enough, he got well. When the man took the worm to Xie Huatuo, he saw more than ten identical worms hanging on the wall of Hua Tuo's house.

On another occasion, several people were drinking in a hotel in Du Yan. Hua Tuo saw a man named Yan Xin look abnormal and asked, "How are you?" Yan Xin was surprised and replied, "Very good, very normal." Hua Tuo said, "You are in a hurry, so you'd better not drink too much." But Yan Xin doesn't care. As a result, she felt dizzy on her way home, fell off the car and died soon after being helped home.

Hua tuo, who saved lives all his life, finally succumbed to feudal autocracy. As a prime minister, Cao Cao was dizzy (probably trigeminal neuralgia), and repeated treatments failed. Hearing that Hua Tuo's medical skill was superior, he called Hua Tuo for treatment. When Hua Tuo came to Xuchang, he only gave him an injection, which stopped the pain, but could not break the root. So Cao Cao forced Hua Tuo to be his doctor, so as to treat himself at any time and win over the alchemist. Hua tuo was not moved by fame and fortune, and he didn't want to be bound by fame and fortune. He soon returned to China on the pretext that his wife was ill and repeatedly postponed his return. Cao flew into a rage and repeatedly urged the county magistrate to supervise the trip, but Hua Tuo still didn't come back. In a rage, he sent someone to visit, saying that if Hua Tuo's wife was really ill, he would give her 40 welcome beans and take a few more days off. If you cheat, you will be put in Huatuo's prison. After Hua Tuo was arrested and imprisoned, he was finally killed by Cao Cao. Before he died, he wrote a manuscript summarizing his life's medical experience and told him that it was a book that could save lives, but the jailer was afraid of being implicated. Disappointed and helpless, Hua tuo burned the manuscript in sadness, and the crystallization of his life's hard work turned to ashes in an instant.

In the history of medicine, Hua Tuo used general anesthesia with Mafeisan for the first time to treat patients, which expanded the scope of surgery and opened up a new road for the development of medicine. He was also the founder of physical therapy, and created the "Five Birds Play". By imitating the movements of tigers, bears, deer, apes and birds, he ensured smooth blood vessels and strengthened digestion, thus achieving the purpose of physical and mental exercise. Hua Tuo had a far-reaching influence on later China medicine. He was not only called the "imperial doctor" at that time, but also regarded as the "originator of surgery" by doctors.

Zhang Zhongjing, a famous machine, was born in Nieyang, Nanyang County in the Eastern Han Dynasty (now Gedong Town, Deng County, Henan Province), and was an outstanding medical scientist in ancient China. In 150, Zhang Zhongjing was born into a wealthy family with excellent living and learning conditions. As a teenager, Zhang Zhongjing studied tirelessly, read widely and sucked the milk of knowledge.

According to historical records, there were three plagues during the reign of Emperor Huan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, five plagues during the reign of Emperor Ling, and the epidemic situation was more serious during the reign of Di Xian Jian 'an. Thousands of people were swallowed up by the disease, which caused an unprecedented disaster. Especially in the Eastern Han Dynasty (168- 188), it was in 17 1, 173, 179, 182,/kloc.

At that time, there were successive epidemics in Nanyang area, and many people died. Zhang Zhongjing's family was originally a big family with more than 200 people. In less than ten years since the early years of Jian 'an, two-thirds of people died of epidemic diseases, and seven-tenths of them died of typhoid fever. Facing the plague, Zhang Zhongjing was very sad and angry. In this regard, Zhang Zhongjing is determined to study the diagnosis and treatment of typhoid fever and must subdue the "plague god" of typhoid fever.