1. Life activities are inseparable from cells, excluding the following () A. The completion of hand-shrinking reflex is based on cells.

B virus has no cell structure, and its life activities can only be completed in the host cell.

The growth and development of multicellular organisms depend on cell proliferation and differentiation.

D. A single cell of a turtle can also carry out various life activities.

2. Which of the following belongs to the most basic life system ()

A. Escherichia coli B. Nucleic acid molecules

C.SARS virus D. rain frog

3. About the virus, the correct one is ()

Virus is a kind of organism, belonging to prokaryote in classification.

B. Because the virus has only one organelle ribosome, it needs to live parasitically.

C. The genetic material of virus is DNA or RNA, and the genetic material of bacteria is only DNA.

D. The way to obtain a large number of viruses is to inoculate them on a basic culture medium with complete nutrition.

4.①②③④⑤ are several operation steps of the microscope. The following figure shows the geometry observed under the microscope. If 1 is to be converted into Figure 2, the correct one of the four operation orders of ABCD is ().

① Turn the coarse focusing screw.

(2) Turn the fine-tuning focusing screw.

③ Adjust the aperture

④ rotary converter

⑤ Moving slider

A.①②③④⑤B.④③②C.⑤④③②D.④⑤①③

5. Observe the changes of cell size, cell number and visual field brightness when changing from low power lens to high power lens ()

A. get bigger, smaller and darker

B. Become bigger, more and brighter

C. get smaller, get more, get darker

D. Smaller, more and brighter

6. In the following combination, the group that belongs to the population, community and ecosystem in the structure level of life system in turn is ()

① Bacteria and other organisms living in the large intestine of human body ② All the fish in a pond.

The pneumococcus in the lungs of patients with pneumonia is a piece of dead wood, all of which are living things.

A.①②④B.②③④C.③②①D.③①④

7. Among the following four groups of organisms, the cell structure is the most similar, and they all belong to autotrophs ().

A. Oscillatoria, Spirogyra and Lentinus edodes B. Tobacco, paramecium and Escherichia coli

C. Wheat, tomato and soybean D. Yeast, lactic acid bacteria and phage

8. The following statement is true ()

A. Prokaryotic cells are relatively simple in structure, so they do not have diversity.

There is no unity between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.

Cell theory reveals the diversity and unity of cells.

D. The cell itself is a living system.

9. Organisms without nuclei and organisms without cell structures are () respectively.

A. Escherichia coli and cyanobacteria

B. Escherichia coli and viruses

C. Escherichia coli and yeast

D. Yeast and virus

10. The following statement about prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells is wrong ().

A. Both cyanobacteria and Spirogyra cells contain ribosomes.

B.they all have chromosomes and genes.

The difference between C. is that prokaryotic cells have no typical nucleus surrounded by nuclear membrane.

D the chemical composition and structure of the cell membrane of prokaryotic cells are similar to those of eukaryotic cells.

1 1. The following statement about cyanobacteria and photosynthesis is correct ().

Cyanobacteria have chloroplasts, which are organelles of photosynthesis.

B. Cyanobacteria are plant cells that can carry out photosynthesis.

C. Although cyanobacteria are prokaryotic cells, they have photosynthetic structures and pigments.

D. Cyanobacteria have no chloroplasts and cannot carry out photosynthesis.

12. Sedani Renger, a British doctor, found in the experiment of frog heart in vitro that perfusion with normal saline without calcium could not maintain the contraction of frog heart. The frog's heart can keep beating for several hours when perfused with physiological saline containing a small amount of calcium and potassium. Experiments show that calcium salt

A is an important part of some complex compounds in cells ()

B. it plays an important role in maintaining the life activities of organisms.

C plays an important role in maintaining cell morphology.

D, providing energy for the continuous beating of frog heart.

13. A researcher analyzed the chemical components of five samples: corn tissue, mouse tissue, T2 phage, lactic acid bacteria and yeast. The following analysis conclusion is incorrect ()

A. samples containing water, DNA, RNA, glycogen, protein and other components are mouse tissues.

B only samples containing protein and DNA components are T2 phage.

C samples containing water, DNA, RNA, protein, cellulose and other components are corn tissues and lactic acid bacteria.

D corn tissue, mouse tissue, lactic acid bacteria and yeast all have DNA and RNA.

14. The following statement about cell components and compounds is incorrect ()

A the elements that make up cells are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, etc. Among them, element C is the most basic element.

B the chemical elements that make up cells can be found in nature, and none of them are unique to cells.

C In muscle cells, water is the most abundant compound, and protein is the most abundant organic matter.

D. The reason why the structure of hemoglobin and myosin is different is that the types, quantities and arrangement order of amino acids are different.

Chapter ii 1. The completion of hand retraction reflex shows that multicellular organisms depend on complex life activities.

A. Single cell activity B. Coordination of various systems

C. Independent activity of nerve cells D. Close cooperation of various differentiated cells

2. Which of the following does not belong to a certain structural level of life system?

A. Neurons B. All the fish in the pond

C. Kitten D. Biosphere

3. The following examples can illustrate that life activities cannot be separated from cells.

Viruses can only proliferate in living cells, and the transmission of excitement is inseparable from nerve cells.

(3) Mammals can't move without muscle cells. (4) Amebic protozoa reproduce by cell division.

A.①②③B.②③④C.①②④D.①②③④

4. In the following combinations, the correct level that can reflect the life system from simple to complex is

① Lung ② Gastric Mucosa ③ Neurons ④ Yeast ⑤ Intracellular protein and other compounds ⑧ HIV ⑧ All yaks in a meadow ⑧ An orchard ⑨ All living things on the earth ⑩ Chloroplasts.

A.⑤⑥③②①④⑧③b .③②①④⑧③

C.⑤②①④⑧③③④⑧

5. The understanding of "system" is correct.

A Every level of life system is a "system", and the smallest "life system" that can fully express life activities is a cell.

B protein, nucleic acid and other biological macromolecules can also be regarded as "systems" and belong to the level of "life systems".

C. "Ecosystem" is a level of life system, which represents all the organisms directly or indirectly related to each other in a certain natural area.

D. The "system" level composed of functionally related "organs" in biological individuals is owned by each biological individual.

6. The following statement about life system is wrong.

All levels of a living system may or may not be interrelated, such as cells and biosphere.

B tissues, cells, etc. Is an inseparable part of the life system.

C. all levels of the life system are closely related.

D. The living environment of living things is also a part of the life system.

7. It has the same structure level as the life system to which the turtle heart belongs.

A. human blood B. human muscle fiber C. human biceps brachii D. human circulatory system

8. Vascular epithelial cells are flat, intestinal epithelial cells are columnar, renal tubular epithelial cells are square, and respiratory epithelial cells have swaying cilia on their surfaces. Their morphological structures are different because

A.they come from different sources. They are produced in different ways.

C. They have different functions. People observe in different ways.

9. The unity of cells is reflected in

① Cells have similar basic structures, such as cell membrane and cytoplasm; ② Eukaryotic cells contain DNA in chromosomes and prokaryotic cells contain DNA in pseudonuclei; ③ Eukaryotic cells are diverse, so are prokaryotic cells, but they are different from prokaryotic cells.

A.①B.①②C.②D.①②③

10. The following statements about biological experiments are correct.

A. In the experiment of observing cells with a microscope, if 20 cells with the same size are evenly distributed in the field of view of 50×, the number of cells in the field of view is 5 after changing to 100×.

B. Observing cells with a microscope, we will find that prokaryotic cells are simpler than eukaryotic cells, but they all have similar basic structures, such as cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus.

C. The image made by the microscope is inverted, and "P" should be "B" under the microscope.

D. When observing transparent materials under a microscope, the lighting should be strengthened and a larger aperture should be used.

1 1. Observing biological cells and tissues with ordinary optical microscope is incorrect.

A. When observing the sponge slide with 10 times objective lens, the distance between the slide and the objective lens is 0.5cm; if observing with 30 times objective lens, the distance between the slide and the objective lens should be adjusted to about 1.5cm.

B in order to make the field of vision brighter at high magnification, an aperture or a concave mirror can be used.

C. When observing the guard cells of sunflower leaves, if the slide specimen moves to the right, the guard cells will move to the left in the field of vision.

D. If the euglena swims to the upper right of the visual field, it is necessary to move the slide to the upper right for tracking.

12 ... When observing the cytoplasmic circulation of the black algae cells in the microscope field of vision, a chloroplast in the field of vision is located at the lower right of the vacuole, and the direction of cytoplasmic circulation is counterclockwise, as shown in the figure. In fact, the position of chloroplasts and the direction of cytoplasmic circulation are different.

A chloroplast is located at the lower right of vacuole, and the circulation direction is counterclockwise?

B. Chloroplast is located at the upper left of vacuole, and the circulation direction is counterclockwise?

C chloroplast is located at the upper right of vacuole, and the circulation direction is clockwise?

D chloroplast is located at the lower left of vacuole, and the circulation direction is clockwise.

13. When measuring the length of onion epidermal cells with micrometer, in the following combination of eyepiece and objective lens, the actual length represented by each cell of eyepiece micrometer in the field of view is the smallest.

① eyepiece 10×② objective 10×③ eyepiece 16×④ objective 40×

A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④

14. liquid for gargling, liquid dripping on glass slide, and dyeing when making temporary slices of human oral epithelial cells.

These liquids are

A. iodine solution, physiological saline and tap water B. iodine solution, physiological saline and cold boiled water

C. iodine solution, tap water and physiological saline D. cold boiled water, physiological saline and iodine solution

15. The following are schematic diagrams of several common single-celled organisms. The account of this group of creatures is wrong.

A. All cells in the picture have membrane structures. B cells with nuclear membrane and nucleoli are ① ② ③.

C. Biology 2 3 4 5 is heterotrophs D. The main difference between Biology 3 and Biology 4 is that they both form nuclei.

16. The following organisms belong to a group of prokaryotes.

① Cyanobacteria ② Yeast ③ Paramecium ④ Nostoc commune

⑤ Spirogyra ⑥ Penicillium ⑥ Staphylococcus ⑧ Phage.

a、①⑥⑧B、①④⑦C、①②③④⑤⑥⑧D、①④⑥

17. Of the following options, except which one, all the statements about the substances or structures of ①-⑦ in the following organisms are correct.

① Nucleic acid ② protein ③ Vacuole ④ Chloroplast ⑤ Nuclear membrane ⑤ Cell wall.

Answer ① ② It exists in viruses, Escherichia coli, Chlamydomonas and paramecium.

B.⑥⑦ ⑥ exists in Escherichia coli and Chlamydomonas.

C 1-7 all exist in Chlamydomonas.

D. Except ⑤, all other items exist in Chlamydomonas and cyanobacteria.

18. The following description about oscillatoria and Spirogyra is wrong ().

A. In the living state, oscillatoria is blue-green and Spirogyra is green.

B the number of oscillatoria cells in filaments with the same length is less than that of Spirogyra.

C. There are pigments in the zonular chloroplasts of oscillatoria cells and Spirogyra.

D. After dropping iodine solution, Spirogyra cells showed yellow structure, but Tremella cells did not.

19. Marshall and Warren won the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their pioneering research on gastric ulcer caused by Helicobacter pylori. What are the characteristics of Helicobacter pylori and cyanobacteria?

A. heterotrophs is saprophytic or parasitic. B. No nuclear membrane, but chromosomes and ribosomes?

C. genetic material is mainly located in the nucleus. The composition and structure of cell walls are the same.

20. Which of the following is not the main content of cell theory?

A. All animals and plants are composed of cells and their products.

B. Cells are divided into cytoplasm, nucleus and cell membrane.

C. cells can produce cells.

D. cells are relatively independent units of organisms.

2 1. In the following statements about cell theory and its establishment, the mistake is that

A. Does the cell theory come from the in-depth study of biological theory?

B. the most important significance of cell theory is to make people's understanding of biological structure enter the microscopic field.

C. Cell theory holds that cells can be divided into eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells?

Cell theory clarifies the unity of biological structure and the unity of cells?

22. In the phylogenetic tree of organisms, such plants are

A. algae, bryophytes, ferns and angiosperms

23. From an evolutionary point of view, higher organisms originated from

A. multicellular animals B. aquatic algae C. lower animals D. unicellular organisms

24. The most accurate way to dye the temporary slices of onion epidermal cells is

A, dropping dilute iodine solution on one side of the cover glass

B. Drop dilute iodine solution on one side of the cover glass and suck the other side with absorbent paper.

C, directly dropping the iodine solution on the epidermis of onion leaves.

D. Drop the dilute iodine solution on one side of the cover glass and suck it on the same side with absorbent paper.

25. The following figure is a description of the biological characteristics contained in the four block diagrams, which is correct.

A. All prokaryotes in box ① are mutated.

All the creatures in box 2 contain no chlorophyll and are decomposers.

All living things in box 3 have cell structures and cell walls.

D. heterotrophs is in the box (4), which can divide and reproduce.