Hangzhou white chrysanthemum
Jade and exquisite in Chiba is a beautiful name for chrysanthemum by the ancients, because chrysanthemum has the characteristics of white petals and yellow stamens as pure gold. However, Chrysanthemum morifolium is not produced in Hangzhou, but has always been a specialty of Tongxiang, Zhejiang.
Chrysanthemum, winter seedlings, spring leaves, summer plums and autumn flowers are influenced by the essence of the sun and the moon and the aura of the four seasons. Drinking chrysanthemum tea regularly can dispel wind and clear heat, calm the liver and improve eyesight, detoxify and diminish inflammation, resist aging and prolong life. -This is the introduction on the packaging of ancient Chrysanthemum morifolium exported to Nanyang, from which we can see that Chrysanthemum morifolium has been widely praised since ancient times.
Chrysanthemum morifolium is made by steaming fresh chrysanthemum morifolium, a perennial herb, and has always been as famous as Longjing tea. After being brewed with boiled water, the water is light green and fragrant, which was used as a tribute in ancient times.
As mentioned in the introduction, it also has high medicinal value and longevity effect. "Bunong Jing" contains: "Chamomile tastes sweet and warm, and it is most beneficial to take it for a long time." Herbal Supplement in Yuan Dynasty: "Chrysanthemum can tonify yin". Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica said: Chrysanthemum can benefit five veins, regulate limbs and treat wind-heat in the head; There is also a myth: "Fairy rumors say that Kang Fengzi and Zhu Ru became immortals by serving chrysanthemums." Regular drinking can enhance the resistance of capillaries, inhibit the permeability of capillaries, and play a role in diminishing inflammation and strengthening the body.
As for its origin, most people may "make sense by reading the literature" and think that "Chrysanthemum morifolium" must be produced in Hangzhou.
Chrysanthemum morifolium has always been famous for its color, fragrance and shape, so why is it called Chrysanthemum morifolium and Hangzhou? There is a certain historical origin in this. In the 1920s, Baiju in Tongxiang, Zhejiang Province was bought and packaged by Wang Yutai, an Anhui tea merchant at that time. It was labeled as "Hangzhou West Lake Golden Wheel Tea Chrysanthemum Village" and sold to Southeast Asian countries such as Singapore. Boss Liang, a businessman from Nanyang, took Tongxiang Chrysanthemum from Wang Yutai and tasted it himself. He felt very good, and the chrysanthemums soaked in the cup opened layer by layer, which was very beautiful. So under the impetus of boss Liang, Nanyang has a growing demand for Chrysanthemum morifolium. Although it is a unique white chrysanthemum in Tongxiang, it has been famous at home and abroad with the word "Hangzhou" since then.
Boju
In Bozhou, every family has the habit of chrysanthemum. First, the ornamental value is very high. Chrysanthemums are mostly white or yellow-white, and are planted in a large area. Looking from a distance, it is an ocean of flowers. Many people come to see it every season, and the smell is fragrant and refreshing. Second, the economic value is considerable. Under normal circumstances, you can earn about 4300 yuan per mu, which is much larger than other crops.
Chrysanthemums are inverted conical or cylindrical, sometimes slightly flat and fan-shaped. The tongue-shaped flower is located in the periphery, and the female flower is white or yellow-white, straight and bulging. Scattered golden yellow spots. Tubular flowers are mostly bisexual, located in the center, often hidden by ligulate flowers, yellow, with 5 teeth at the top. Light and soft. It is fragrant, sweet and slightly bitter.
It is not difficult to see that the flowers are loose and easy to spread, which is one of the important characteristics of chrysanthemum. Bo Ju is good at dispelling wind and cold, relieving summer heat and improving eyesight. If you accidentally catch a wind-heat cold, you might as well use chrysanthemum and rock sugar instead of tea. In summer, you can also cook chrysanthemum and rice into porridge to prevent heatstroke.
According to "China Dictionary", "Baiju is mainly produced in Bo County, Anhui Province, with the best quality"; According to Records of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chrysanthemum morifolium and Chrysanthemum morifolium have the best quality. Chinese Materia Medica is a masterpiece of China medicine in the 20th century, also known as the best quality chrysanthemum and chrysanthemum.
After more than 20 years of investigation and research by medical experts, it is proved that Chrysanthemum morifolium has the longest cultivation history, and all medicinal chrysanthemums in the north of Huaihe River are related to Chrysanthemum morifolium, such as Jiju in Shandong, which was introduced from Bozhou in Qing Dynasty. According to Zhao's introduction of qi zhou Yaozhi in 1936, Qi Opera is also the origin of Bo Opera or Huai Opera.
Chuju
Chu chrysanthemum is known as "golden heart and jade petals, fragrant and fragrant". Because of its long cultivation history and excellent quality, it enjoys a good reputation all over the country and is known as the first of the four famous chrysanthemums in China. Guangxu in Qing Dynasty was indirectly listed as a tribute, so it was also called "Chu Gongju".
Chuju is an important Chinese herbal medicine with sweet taste and slightly cold nature. China Pharmacopoeia, Yearbook of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Flora of China, Compendium of Materia Medica and other dozens of national authoritative publications have been deeply studied and highly praised. Mr. Ye Juquan, a former academician of China Academy of Sciences, commented on chrysanthemums in Modern and Practical Chinese Medicine that "chrysanthemums produced in Chuzhou, Anhui Province are the coolest and not bitter, and chrysanthemums are the best to eat, followed by those produced in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province". 1957 China traditional Chinese medicine bulletin comments: "The Chinese medicine community recognizes Chu Ju as the crown of the four famous chrysanthemums in China."
Chuju can clear away heat and toxic materials, relax tendons and promote blood circulation, protect liver and improve eyesight, and enhance human immune function. It has obvious curative effect on hypertension, coronary heart disease and arteriosclerosis. In recent years, it has been found that Chuju has a good preventive effect on SRAS virus and cancer (especially liver cancer), and has an obvious therapeutic effect on diabetes.
Modern pharmacological analysis shows that Chuju contains flavonoids, volatile oil, amino acids, trace elements and other effective components. The contents of cineole, borneol and cineole in its volatile oil are obviously higher than those in other chrysanthemums, and the total flavonoids are 32-6 1% higher than those in other chrysanthemums. It contains 8 kinds of amino acids and 10 kinds of trace elements necessary for human body. The "selenium" in Chu chrysanthemum is 8-40 times higher than other chrysanthemums. Because zinc and selenium are absorbed by the human body, they can promote cell division and delay the aging of the body, thus playing the role of prolonging life and caring skin. Because of its taste and reputation, Chuju can replace other chrysanthemums among famous doctors in China, but other chrysanthemums can't replace Chuju.
Chuju is used to make tea, which has a good health care function. Long-term drinking has the effects of dispelling wind and dissipating heat, improving eyesight, calming the liver and detoxifying, and has a good therapeutic effect on headache, dizziness, hypertension and nervous headache. Chuju series health drinks take selected Chuju as the main raw material, and now more than a dozen series products have been developed, such as Chuju Zuiweng Tea, Chuju Gongcha, Chuju Hongbao Tea and Chuju Liangqing Tea, which are very popular.
Florists Chrysanthemum
Palace Opera is also called Florists Chrysanthemum, Huizhou Palace Opera and Huizhou Opera. It is a traditional famous product of the Han nationality in Huangshan City, and it is also known as the four famous chrysanthemums in China with Hangju, Chuju and Boju. As a tribute to the emperor in ancient times, it was named "Gongju". It is rich in vast areas of Huangshan City, Anhui Province. It is mainly produced between Huangshan Scenic Area, a famous tourist resort, and Qingliangfeng, a national nature reserve. It grows in a unique natural ecological environment with excellent quality, color, fragrance, taste and shape, and has both ornamental value and medicinal function. Known as the best medicine and drink, it is a famous Huangshan product at home and abroad.
According to local Han folklore, "Florists Chrysanthemum" was originally introduced as an ornamental chrysanthemum by Huizhou merchants from Deqing County, Zhejiang Province in the Song Dynasty. In the year of drought, many people got pink eye headache, and some people soaked fresh chrysanthemums in water to reduce fire, which had a good effect. In the future, people often make tea with dried flowers or chrysanthemums to cure blindness, shame and modesty. Since then, chrysanthemums have been widely planted in front of and behind farmers' houses in this area, and dried chrysanthemums have been specially baked for a long time.
During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, pinkeye also spread in the Forbidden City in Beijing. The emperor ordered a visit to famous doctors and medicines, and the Huizhou magistrate presented Huizhou dried chrysanthemums. Immersed in clothes, Beijing people's eye diseases were cured. So Huizhou Opera became famous and was honored as "Palace Opera".
Florists Chrysanthemum tastes bitter and slightly cold. It contains inulin, adenine, choline, vitamins A 1, B 1, amino acids, potassium and sodium salts, etc. Clinical application has proved that it can calm the central nervous system, enhance the anti-inflammatory ability of capillaries, and inhibit the activities of human tuberculosis, staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, influenza virus, dermatophytes, cholera orphans and streptococcus. It has the effects of clearing liver-fire, improving eyesight, eliminating pathogenic factors, reducing pathogenic fire, cooling and relieving exterior syndrome. Chrysanthemum tea is effective for dry mouth, excessive internal heat and astringent eyes. After a hot drink, I feel sweaty and relaxed. It is a good medicine for treating colds and a health drink suitable for all ages.
Moreover, Florists Chrysanthemum can treat colds, boils, hypertension and arteriosclerosis. Can be used to make other medicines into Chinese patent medicines such as Sangju Ganmao tablets and beverages such as Chrysanthemum Crystal. Can make tea, soak wine, often drink can "clear the five internal organs, detoxify and strengthen the body", and has the effect of delaying poison and caring skin. Dried chrysanthemum can also be used as pillow core, which can make people cool and reduce fire, improve eyesight and refresh their minds.
Jiju
Chrysanthemum morifolium, also known as chrysanthemum morifolium, is the dried flower head of chrysanthemum morifolium. Jia Juhua is white in small color, cool in nature and bitter in taste. It can dispel wind and clear heat, clear liver, improve eyesight, remove fire and beautify. It is a rare chrysanthemum used as medicine and tea in the world.
Jia Ju's planting began in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with a history of more than 1000 years. Jiaxiang County Records of Ming Dynasty 1595 recorded: "Food is a local product, flowers are peony, peony, chrysanthemum ..." Chrysanthemum was described as a special product. Wang Yucheng, a famous politician and writer in Song Dynasty, was born in Juye, Jeju (now Jiaxiang Winery, Shandong Province). His famous poem A Journey to the Country is widely read. The first four sentences in the poem describe the scenery: "The horse is wearing a chrysanthemum tail, and I believe that the horse will grow in the wild. There are sounds in the mountains and valleys, and there are several peaks without words. "
Relevant historical data prove that Jiaxiang Chrysanthemum reached its peak in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, and it was listed as a "tribute" for the first time in Qianlong years. In the thirty-fifth year of Qing Qianlong, Xiong Shengfa, a native of Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, set up the "Hengchuntang" pharmacy in the paper mill in the south of Jiaxiang, collecting and storing medicinal materials, among which chrysanthemums were the bulk. Also known as "Jiju", it was later shipped to Shanghai and sold to the whole country because of economic peace, and changed to "Jiaju".
Due to the unique soil, climate and planting management methods, Jiaju has formed its own characteristics: small flowers, white color, strong fragrance, high quality and good benefits. Therefore, the chrysanthemum of traditional Chinese medicine in the old days was often crowned with the word "Jia", and "Jia Chrysanthemum" was on an equal footing with "Wenxiangfu", which was called the top grade. Cool in nature, sweet and bitter in taste, can dispel wind and dissipate heat, clear liver and improve eyesight [1], etc. Jiaxiang people also have the saying that "drink, stay up late, drink well."
Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica records: "Chrysanthemum bags can be used for pillows, brewing and drinking, and they are useless from beginning to end." Can go to wind and heat, benefit the liver and tonify yin, and many elites don't know that they have golden water, which can benefit both dirty and dirty. ""Take March seedlings, June leaves, September flowers and December roots, dry them in the shade and make honey pills. For a hundred days, the body is light and moist; One year, white hair turns black; Two years later, the teeth regenerate; Five years later, the 80-year-old man became a child ... The medicinal value of chrysanthemum in New Materia Medica is "it can benefit the lungs and kidneys, suppress heart fire and calm the liver; "When the wood is flat, the wind will rest, and when the fire falls, the heat will be removed, so it can nourish the eyes, replenish the blood and remove the medicine film." It can be seen that chrysanthemums are wonderful. Early years of the Republic of China. Xiong Zhonghe, the eighth descendant of Hengchuntang, set up a semicolon in goats to practice medicine. He is especially good at chrysanthemum prescription and medical treatment, and has a reputation as a rich family.
Shandong Institute for Drug Control and other relevant departments conducted a special study on Chrysanthemum morifolium, and identified its quality. It is considered that this variety has rich aroma, outstanding quality, taste and function, and distinctive characteristics. After laboratory testing, the main components are essential oils adenine, choline, stachydrine, inulin, amino acids, flavonoids, vitamin B, dimethyl hydrazide succinate and so on. Its pharmacology mainly includes two aspects: resisting pathogens and enhancing capillary resistance, and it is designated as a high-quality chrysanthemum variety.
Qiju
Qi ju said, "the quality is frivolous in water, the petals are not sticky, the taste is sweet, and the corolla is like a jade plate." Famous. Produced in anguo city, Hebei Province, the largest distribution center of Chinese herbal medicines in northern China.
According to the Records of Traditional Chinese Medicine, it is called "Qiju" produced in Anguo, Hebei Province. Anguo city was called qi zhou in ancient times, hence the name Qi. Qiju was introduced from Bozhou in Qing Dynasty, and its biological name is Qiju, which belongs to Chrysanthemum genus of Compositae.
Qiju has high medicinal value. Chinese medicine believes that Qiju has the effects of dispersing wind and heat, calming the liver and improving eyesight, and clearing away heat and toxic materials. It can be made into chrysanthemum porridge, chrysanthemum tea, chrysanthemum wine, chrysanthemum crystal (beverage) and chrysanthemum concentrated granules for eating. Modern pharmacological research shows that Qiju has many functions such as adjuvant treatment of coronary heart disease, lowering blood pressure, preventing hyperlipidemia, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging.
Qiju has the advantages of fast growth, strong resistance, high yield and excellent quality. Suitable for a wide range of areas, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Anhui and other provinces can be planted. Nowadays, Qi Opera has been introduced to many regions. Qiju has long been out of qi zhou and has been widely circulated, becoming a good project for drug farmers to get rich.
Huaiju
Huaiju refers to chrysanthemums produced in Qinyang City, mengzhou city, wen county, Xian and Xiuwu County, the administrative area of Jiaozuo City, with latitude of 34 48' ~ 35 30 and longitude of112 02' ~13 38'.
Chrysanthemum tastes sweet and bitter, and its nature is cool. It has the effects of dispelling wind, dissipating heat, clearing liver-fire, improving eyesight, and removing toxic substances. Indications: wind-heat cold, headache, dizziness, red eyes, swelling and pain, red eyes. It also has antipyretic effect. It has a strong inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri. The effect on cardiovascular system is particularly significant. It can significantly dilate coronary artery and enhance coronary flow. This product has a good therapeutic effect on coronary heart disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and other senile diseases, thus playing a role in eliminating diseases and prolonging life. In recent years, China has made remarkable achievements in treating common diseases of the elderly.
Modern medical research has confirmed that the incidence of coronary heart disease is related to the zinc/copper ratio. High proportion is easy to cause coronary heart disease. Compared with chrysanthemum, Chuju, Huaiju and Hangju, the ratio of Zn/Cu in Huaiju is lower. Clinical medication also proves that Huaiju can eliminate inner irritability and better treat headache and dizziness. This shows that the quality of Chrysanthemum morifolium as an authentic medicinal material is better than that of Chrysanthemum morifolium in other places.
Chrysanthemum morifolium has a long history, which has been recorded in ancient books and Jiaozuo county annals for nearly 3 thousand years. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, both Lu's Twelve Chapters of the Spring and Autumn Period and The Book of Rites and the Moon Order recorded that "there are yellow flowers on the bow" and Qu Yuan's Lisao recorded that "autumn chrysanthemums have bright colors". Tao Yuanming in the Eastern Jin Dynasty praised "autumn chrysanthemums are stunning". Tao Hongjing in the Southern Dynasties divided chrysanthemums into two kinds, one is bitter tears and the other is true chrysanthemums. Bitter means wild chrysanthemum, also called Huang Ju. The real chrysanthemum is white chrysanthemum, which has been listed in medical books as medicine. By the Tang Dynasty, chrysanthemums had been in purple and white varieties. Tang Tianbao showed Bai Juyun: the native Nanyang (called Nanyang in Qinyang in the Spring and Autumn Period) is Tantian, and the name of Hanoi is "Artemisia Di Wei". It is still mainly used in medicine and food. In the Song Dynasty, chrysanthemum was cultivated vigorously, and ornamental has become the main cultivation purpose, with many varieties, and a monograph on chrysanthemum varieties was published. Compendium of Materia Medica said: "Today, Henan is everywhere, and Nanyang Chrysanthemum is the best." After the Tang and Song Dynasties, Huai Ju was listed as a tribute, and Huangfu Village in Qinyang produced the best. In the early Qing Dynasty, Chen Zi described the propagation and cultivation of chrysanthemum in detail in "Flower Mirror". In modern times, people have a deeper understanding of the ecological habits of chrysanthemum, and the cultivation methods are becoming more and more scientific ~