1. According to the changes of Yin and Yang in spring, summer, autumn and winter, adjust people's diet, conform to the laws of nature, and maintain the balance and coordination of Yin and Yang. According to the theory of five elements, spring belongs to the liver, summer to the heart, autumn to the lung and winter to the kidney.
2. According to local conditions, different regions, due to different climatic conditions and living habits, people's physiological activities and pathological characteristics are not the same, so diet and health care should also be different. For example, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Hunan live in mountainous areas, and the climate is humid and cold, so residents are vulnerable to cold and dampness, so they like to eat spicy products; The climate in the northwest plateau is cold and dry, and residents are vulnerable to cold and dryness. They should eat products that warm the yang and dispel the cold, promote fluid production and moisten dryness.
3. Due to the differences of people's physique, gender and age, diet care should vary from person to person. We should "know its fat and thin shape, and know its ups and downs of qi and blood" (Su Wenba's Shen Zhenglun), "Twenty-five prophets", "people without five states" and "adjust it according to the ups and downs of cold and heat" (Lingshu).
Knowledge expansion:
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the occurrence, development and outcome of diseases are influenced by many factors, such as seasonal climate, geographical environment, physical strength and age. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate appropriate treatment methods according to the relationship between diseases, climate, geography and patients, so as to achieve the expected therapeutic effect, which is the embodiment of the overall concept of traditional Chinese medicine and also the embodiment of syndrome differentiation and treatment.
According to the individual differences of patients' age, gender, physique and living habits, the treatment measures are formulated. ① Age: Different ages have different physiological and pathological characteristics.
Children are full of vitality, but their qi and blood are not full, their viscera are delicate, they are prone to cold and heat, and their condition changes rapidly, but they also respond quickly to therapeutic drugs. Therefore, children's dosage is light and small, and it is generally not appropriate to use drugs and tonics with diarrhea, heavy vomiting and high temperature.
The old people's vitality declines, their qi and blood are deficient, and there are many deficiency syndromes, or they are mixed with excess and deficiency. The dosage of drugs is also lighter than that of young adults, and tonic drugs are used much more, so serious drugs for eliminating evil should also be used with caution.
Young and middle-aged people are full of qi and blood, mature, the function of zang-fu organs tends to be stable, and their resistance to various diseases is also strong. When you get sick, it is often manifested as intense empirical evidence and heat syndrome. Contraindications of therapeutic drugs are relatively few, and more drugs are used to attack pathogens, but the pathogens are eliminated and the body recovers quickly.
Gender: Men and women are different in gender and each has its own physiological and pathological characteristics. Women have menstruation, leucorrhea, pregnancy, childbirth and so on, which must be considered in treatment. For example, during menstrual period and pregnancy, in severe cases, drugs that excrete water, remove blood stasis and break blood, slip away and have toxicity should be used with caution or prohibited.
Physique: Generally, people's physical qualities are divided into strong and weak, and cold and heat are biased. For those who often have yang deficiency or yin deficiency, use pungent, warm and dry-hot agents with caution; Be partial to the body with yang deficiency or yin deficiency, and be careful to use drugs that hurt yang by cold. Generally, people with strong physique can use a heavier dose, and people with weak physique can use a lighter dose.