Patients with nephrotic syndrome should not eat sour and unclean food overnight.
First, the diet of patients with nephrotic syndrome protein negative and no edema.
1, staple food intake: normal dietary intake such as steamed bread and rice.
2, sodium intake: according to normal taste or light diet.
3. High-quality protein intake: According to 1.0~ 1.2g/ (kg body weight, daily), about 1 egg white/1 two lean meats/half a cup of milk is needed every day.
4. Common edible vegetables: tofu, Chinese cabbage, green onion (seasoning), Chinese cabbage, bracken, elm, square melon, bergamot, mung bean sprout, red sweet potato, kidney bean, gourd, mung bean, loofah, eggplant, Chinese cabbage, onion, wax gourd, pumpkin, zucchini, cucumber, Chinese cabbage, radish, bitter vegetable and beans.
5, taboo: spicy, fried, aquatic products, such as marine fish, crabs, peppers, garlic, raw onions, coriander, dog meat.
Second, the diet of patients with nephrotic syndrome, massive proteinuria and edema.
1, staple food intake: normal dietary intake such as steamed bread and rice.
2. Sodium intake: 5.5mmol/L (patients with normal blood sodium and high edema).
3. Patients with hyperkalemia (5.0
4. The above vegetables can be eaten by patients with normal electrolytes (normal blood potassium 3.5~5.4mmol/L).
5, taboo: spicy, fried, aquatic products, such as marine fish, crabs, peppers, garlic, raw onions, coriander, dog meat.
Third, please pay attention to the following dietary principles.
1, sodium intake: when edema occurs, you should enter a low-salt diet to avoid aggravating edema. Generally, the daily salt content does not exceed 2g. Avoid pickled foods, use less monosodium glutamate and alkali, and when the edema subsides and the plasma protein is close to normal, you can resume your normal diet.
2. protein intake: In nephrotic syndrome, a large amount of plasma protein is excreted from urine, and the protein of human body is reduced, so it is in a state of malnutrition in protein. Hypoalbuminemia can reduce the plasma colloid osmotic pressure, make the edema last, and reduce the body's resistance. Therefore, in the absence of renal failure, high-quality protein diet (1~ 1.5g/kg*d) should be given at the early and extreme stages. This is helpful to relieve hypoproteinemia and some complications caused by it.
However, high protein diet can increase renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate, and make glomerular capillaries in a state of high pressure. A large amount of protein intake can also increase urinary protein and accelerate glomerular sclerosis. Therefore, patients with chronic nonpolar nephrotic syndrome should take a small amount of high-quality protein (0.7~ 1g/kg*d), and patients with chronic renal insufficiency should take a low-protein diet (0.65g/kg*d).
3, fat intake: patients with nephrotic syndrome often have hyperlipidemia, which can cause arteriosclerosis and glomerular injury and sclerosis. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the intake of foods rich in cholesterol and fat such as animal viscera, fat and some seafood.
4. Supplement of trace elements: Due to the increased permeability of glomerular basement membrane in patients with nephrotic syndrome, in addition to losing a lot of protein in urine, some trace elements and hormones combined with protein are also lost, resulting in the lack of calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron and other elements in human body, which should be supplemented appropriately. Generally, you can eat vegetables, fruits and miscellaneous grains rich in vitamins and trace elements to supplement them.
Fourth, the daily health care of patients with nephrotic syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by a large number of proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, edema and hypertension, which is prolonged and often aggravated by repeated attacks. If you can pay attention to the following questions in summer, you may be safe.
1, sometimes in daily life, take a good look.
In summer, the weather is hot and the sunshine time is long. Patients with nephrotic syndrome must adapt to the changing rules of the weather and develop good living habits. It is best to arrange a lunch break of about half an hour at noon 1, which can not only ensure physical strength, but also help to recover. There are some harmful rays in the sun, such as R rays, which can easily infringe on human body and cause skin inflammation. Patients with nephrotic syndrome have low immune function, so they should pay attention to sun protection to avoid aggravating the condition due to skin inflammation.
2, diet, not greedy.
There are many kinds of fruits and vegetables in summer, which are full of color, flavor and taste, making people appetite. However, patients with nephrotic syndrome should still strictly follow the diet rules and must not eat more, so as not to increase the burden on the kidneys. Watermelon, for example, can induce diuresis to reduce swelling, clear away heat and relieve summer heat, but excessive urination will also increase the burden on the kidneys, and the accumulation of watermelon sugar in the body is also a potential crisis of the disease.
Some children with nephrotic syndrome like to quench their thirst with ice cream or iced diet. If you do it once in a while, you can do it more often. If you are too greedy, it is not good for your situation. Because cold will damage gastrointestinal function, make the spleen and stomach lose health, which is not good for the condition. If acute enteritis occurs due to thirst, it will be repeated or aggravated every time. Therefore, patients with nephrotic syndrome should use cold drinks with caution in summer.
3. Exercise properly and pay attention to hygiene.
Proper physical exercise is conducive to the recovery of the disease. For example, walking, playing Tai Ji Chuan and practicing Qigong. But pay attention to the time of exercise, sooner or later, and never exercise at noon or when the sun is strong. Although swimming is a good exercise in summer, it is suggested that patients with nephrotic syndrome should not swim, because swimming requires great physical strength and the hygiene of swimming venues is not guaranteed.
The health of patients with nephrotic syndrome in summer should include two aspects: first, food hygiene, do not eat sour and unclean food overnight, so as not to cause gastrointestinal diseases and affect rehabilitation. Moreover, personal hygiene, clothes should be washed and changed frequently, should be loose and soft, and bathe frequently to clean the skin, so as to avoid recurrence or aggravation of the disease due to boils infection. Attention should be paid to killing mosquitoes, flies and other summer insects to prevent their bites from causing skin infections.
4, pay attention to the living environment, pay attention to sleep hygiene.
In summer, the bedroom of patients with nephrotic syndrome should be spacious and bright, ventilated and ventilated, and keep a certain temperature. The air conditioner should not be adjusted too low, it should be about 5℃~ 6℃ lower than the outdoor temperature, otherwise it is easy to catch a cold due to sudden changes in heat and cold.
Bedding should be clean and dry, and the bedroom should be soft and ventilated. Because the basal metabolism is weakened after falling asleep, people's self-defense function is poor, and they are easy to catch a cold. Therefore, patients with nephrotic syndrome should pay attention to covering their abdomen when sleeping in summer to prevent colds.
5. Adjust mood, abstain from sex and preserve essence.
Emotional discomfort is often an important cause of recurrent illness and blood pressure fluctuation. Nephrotic syndrome has a long course of disease, so patients must have the confidence to overcome the disease and skillfully adjust their emotions, such as entertaining flowers and birds, calligraphy, reading and playing chess, which can make themselves happy and promote their health.
Some patients with nephrotic syndrome have repeated illnesses, and only after careful inquiry can they know that it is related to sexual immorality. Generally, the condition is in recovery period, and the blood pressure is normal. In the case of no abnormality in urine test, occasional sexual life is harmless to health. If you barely have sex when you have high edema, high blood pressure and hypoalbuminemia, it will be the enemy of stable condition and even worsen the condition.