There are different kinds of bathing methods in hot springs, and bathing usage is usually called mineral spring bath. Mineral spring bath is simple, comfortable and practical in the treatment and health care of some chronic diseases, and has its unique function, which is often superior to some drug treatments. Bathing is the most common form of mineral spring therapy. According to the nature of mineral spring, diseases and patients' physique, there are different bathing methods. The commonly used methods in clinic are immersion bath, shower, exercise bath and mechanical water bath. Mineral spring bath is the most widely used method, which can be carried out in bathtub or bath. It is also divided into whole body immersion bath and local immersion bath. (1) Whole body immersion bath is the most common method of mineral spring bath, which makes the human body fully contact with mineral water, thus producing significant biological effects. The chemical components in mineral water can act on the body in two forms when bathing: direct contact between mineral water and skin;

(2) the exchange between substances that enter the body through the skin and substances that are excluded from the mineral water through the skin. For example, a low-permeability mineral spring bath can dissolve chloride, cholesterol and sugar in the skin; In acidic hot spring bath, the skin excretes potassium and calcium, and in alkaline hot spring bath, the skin excretes chlorine. The application of radioisotope research proves that some ions in mineral water can enter the body when bathing, and the amount of ions entering the body is related to the spring water temperature, ion concentration and bathing time. Mineral springs with different physical and chemical characteristics have different effects on the body. Sour spring has astringent effect on skin; Alkaline spring can promote epithelial shedding; Nitrogen springs can enhance the body's function, similar to radon springs. Arsenic spring can lower blood sugar and antagonize thyroxine. There are two methods of whole body immersion bath: horizontal and sitting. When taking a horizontal soaking bath, use a semi-recumbent position. Bathers should lie on their backs and soak in the bathtub or bath. Most of the head, neck and chest are exposed to the water, and the water level should not exceed the nipple level. The sitting mode is to bathe in a sitting position, and only the head is exposed to the water during bathing. Lying bath is easy to be accepted by patients and has less burden on heart and lung organs, while sitting bath is more suitable for bathers with better physique. According to the patient's affected part and physical condition, different local immersion baths can be used when it is impossible or inappropriate to do whole body immersion baths. The main methods are as follows: half-bathers sit in the bath or bathtub, and only the lower body is immersed in water. The water temperature is 38~40℃, each time 15~20 minutes. Mineral water mainly acts on the lower body when bathing, and the whole body reaction is small. At this time, different stimuli up and down the body can regulate autonomic nerves. Some people think that half-length bath is the transition from full-length immersion bath. After the bather is used to bath therapy, he can try full-body immersion bath.

Sitting bath Sitting bath is a common water bath therapy. The bathing range of human body in sitz bath is smaller than that in half bath. Only the lower waist, buttocks, thigh roots and perineum are immersed in mineral water, which can not only clean perineum, but also improve the blood circulation of pelvic cavity and perineum, and has a good therapeutic effect on rectum, anus, bladder genital inflammation and hemorrhoids. Moderate temperature bath also has the function of calming and improving sleep. High temperature bath can also relieve spasm and pain, and promote the absorption and dissipation of pelvic inflammatory disease. The time of sitz bath is generally 10~ 15 minutes each time.

Soak the arm bath handle and forearm in mineral water with water temperature of 4 1~43℃ for 10~ 15 minutes each time. This method can reflect the regulation of circulation and respiratory function, and is helpful to relieve chronic bronchitis, angina pectoris and bronchial asthma. Soak feet with 4 1~43℃ mineral water for 10~ 15 minutes each time. Foot bath has the functions of promoting blood circulation, clearing away heat and purging fire, and regulating autonomic nerve function. Suitable for early hypertension, headache, red eyes and other diseases, foot bath before going to bed also has a good calming effect. Sports bath in mineral water is a variety of sports in water, which is characterized by its comprehensive functions of immersion bath and medical sports. The movement of water includes active movement and passive movement.

Active sports include gymnastics, swimming, water polo and single parallel bars;

Passive exercise is a functional exercise of limbs and joints with the help of medical staff, and water massage is also a passive exercise. In recent years, water sports bath has been widely developed in European countries and Japan. Many spa sanatoriums and rehabilitation centers in China have also been developed. The bath area is about 50 ~ 300m2, the water depth is about 1.5m, and the temperature is generally kept at 35~37℃. Under the guidance or help of medical sports personnel, bathers take active or passive exercise in the mineral spring, so that the body can relax muscle ligaments, relieve pain, increase joint range of motion, promote blood circulation and improve cardiovascular function with the help of buoyancy, pressure, temperature and chemical action of mineral water. Water sports also has a good health care and weight loss effect, and it is more and more valued and welcomed by people. Mechanical water bath is a kind of bath therapy which uses mechanical pressure to make mineral water flow in various ways to increase the mechanical stimulation of mineral water to human body. Mechanical water bath is widely used in developed countries, and some sanatoriums and physiotherapy rehabilitation hospitals in China have also begun to use it. The common methods of mechanical water bath are as follows: (1) Bubble water bath means that when bathing, the water in the bath is subjected to certain pressure, temperature and air beam through the foam board, so that the water in the bath forms large-area clusters of blisters and splashes, which impact, adsorb and rub the skin of various parts of the human body to varying degrees, so that bathers can feel comfortable and natural as if they were in the jet of a fountain, and achieve the purpose of fitness and disease treatment. This kind of hydrotherapy not only has a good therapeutic effect on the rehabilitation of sports system diseases, but also has obvious effects on athletes and actors to quickly relieve fatigue and restore physical strength.

(2) Wave bath and whirlpool bath refer to making the water in the bathtub move regularly or irregularly by mechanical means to produce waves and whirlpools. Generally, the entrance of mineral water is at the bottom of the bath and the exit is at the top of the bath, which can keep the pool water clean. This bath therapy can increase the stimulation of mineral water to human body, which is beneficial to the recovery of patients with hemiplegia and limited physical activity, as well as to relaxation and weight loss.

(3) Pressurized jet bath is generally operated by medical personnel. Methods in order to make the patient turn his back to the console, the operator stood 2.5 ~ 3m meters in front of the console and sprayed dense pressurized mineral water on the bather with a water gun. The order of spraying is: from the shoulder back down to the foot, to the side, to the chest and abdomen to the lower limbs. It usually takes 2 minutes to complete. Pay attention to the continuous movement of the water column and uniform injection. This method is suitable for obesity, nerve paralysis, muscle atrophy and health care.

(4) all kinds of showers, such as rain bath, fog bath, peripheral bath, rising bath, etc. , with the same mechanism as above. According to the needs, it is suitable for sports system diseases and bodybuilding in different parts.

(5) The characteristic of acupoint impact therapy with mineral water is that it has acupuncture function, but it eliminates the pain of acupuncture. Specific acupoint selection should be carried out under the guidance of a doctor.