The most popular story about the origin of the ancient Olympic Games is Pelops's marriage. In order to choose a husband who is both civil and military for his daughter, Elis, the king of ancient Greece, proposed that the candidate must compete with himself in the chariot. In the competition, 13 youths were killed by the king's spear, 14 youths were Pelops, the grandson of Zeus and the sweetheart of the princess. Encouraged by love, he bravely accepted the king's challenge and finally won with wisdom. To celebrate this victory, Pelops and the princess held a grand wedding in front of the temple of Zeus in Olympia. At the meeting, chariots, gladiators and other competitions were arranged. This was the original ancient Olympic Games, and Pelops became the legendary founder of the ancient Olympic Games.
The origin of the Olympic Games is actually closely related to the social situation in ancient Greece. In the 9th-8th century BC, the Greek clan society gradually disintegrated, the slave society of city-state system gradually formed, and more than 200 city-states were established. City-states are fragmented, there is no unified monarch, and wars between city-states continue. In order to cope with the war, every city-state actively trains its own soldiers. The children of the Spartan city-state were raised by the state from the age of seven, engaged in sports and military training, and lived a military life. War needs soldiers, soldiers need strong bodies, and sports is a powerful means to train soldiers who can fight. The war promoted the development of Greek sports, and the events of the ancient Olympic Games also had obvious military brand. The people are disgusted with the continuous war and generally long for a peaceful environment to recuperate. Later, the King of Sparta and the King of Elis signed the "Holy Truce Month" treaty. As a result, preparing for military training and sports competitions has gradually become a game of peace and friendship.
In 776 BC, the Greeks stipulated that a sports meeting should be held in Olympia every four years. During the sports meeting, all Greek athletes and nearby citizens gathered in Olympia, a scenic town in southern Greece. In 776 BC, the first Olympic Games was held here, and Dorian Klose won the 192.27 meter sprint. He became the first winner of the first event in the International Olympic Games.
Later, the scale of the ancient Greek Games gradually expanded and became a grand event to show the national spirit. The winner of the competition can get a wreath of laurel, wild olive and palm. From 776 BC to 394 AD, after 1 170 years, * * * held the 293rd ancient Olympic Games. It was banned by the Roman emperor in 394 AD.
1875 ~ 188 1 year, Kutius in Germany excavated cultural relics in Olympic sites, which aroused the interest of the whole world. Therefore, Pierre De Coubertin, a French educator, believes that it is of great significance to restore the tradition of the ancient Greek Olympic Games to promote the development of international sports. Under his advocacy and active running, the first international sports conference was held in Paris in June 1894. The International Sports Congress decided to call the world-wide comprehensive games the Olympic Games, and held the first modern Olympic Games in Athens, once every four years, in turn in all member countries.
By 2004, 29 Olympic Games had been held.
The opening ceremony evolved from the name of the ancient Olympic Games, originated in ancient Greece, and was named after the venue of Olympia. The ancient Greeks had a tradition of loving sports. Ancient Greece was divided into many city states. In order to offer sacrifices to gods, city-states often hold sports meetings, which are strongly religious. During the Games, a sacred truce was implemented, which facilitated citizens' free communication and brought short-term peace to the endless war between the city-states, so it was widely welcomed. Among many competitions, the largest and longest-lasting one is the one held in Olympia to worship Zeus, the father of the gods, which is now called the ancient Olympic Games.
The first ancient Olympic Games was held in 776 BC. After that, it was held every four years. Until 393 AD, the Christian Roman Emperor Theodosius I banned all pagan activities and announced the abolition of the ancient Olympic Games, which lasted 1 169 years and was held for 293 times. Decades later, Theodosius II burned the temple of Zeus, and later floods and earthquakes buried the remains of the ancient Olympic Games.
/kloc-in the middle of the 0/8th century, the ancient Olympic sites were rediscovered by archaeologists. With the development of modern sports, people are eager to restore the Olympic Games. From 1859 to 1889, the Greeks held four Olympic Games. 1888, Baron P de Coubertin of France put forward the proposal of restoring the Olympic Games, and visited all European countries in 1892. After two years of operation and raising funds, an international sports conference was held in Paris, France in June, 1894. On June 23rd, the International Olympic Committee was established. From then on, June 23rd was called Olympic Day. The meeting also decided to hold the first modern Olympic Games in Athens, Greece, from April 6, 1996 to April 5, 19961May, and hold it every four years thereafter, alternately in major cities on five continents. If the sports meeting cannot be held for some reason, the number of Olympic Games will still be counted.
The first Olympic Charter initiated and formulated by Coubertin was adopted at the Paris International Conference in June 1894. It involves the basic purposes, principles and other related matters of the Olympic Movement. 192 1 The Olympic Games in Lausanne formulated the Olympic Law, including the Olympic Charter, the Constitution of the International Olympic Committee, the Rules and Protocols of the Olympic Games, the General Rules for Hosting the Olympic Games and the Rules of the Olympic Parliament. Over the past decades, the Olympic Law has been revised and supplemented many times, but the basic principles and spirit formulated by Coubertin have not changed.
1900, at the second Olympic Games held in Paris, 1 1 women broke the ban and appeared on the sports ground. After several arguments, the International Olympic Committee finally passed the resolution to allow women to participate in the Olympic Games at the 22nd meeting of 1924. Since then, women's events have become an indispensable part of the Olympic Games, and more and more female athletes have participated in it.
With the development of the Olympic Movement, the International Olympic Committee has formulated many regulations. 19 13, according to Coubertin's idea, the International Olympic Committee designed the Olympic flag with a boundless white background and five interlocking rings in the middle. The colors of the five rings are sky blue, yellow, black, green and red. The five rings symbolize the unity of the five continents, and athletes from all over the world gather in the Olympic Games with fair and frank competition and friendly spirit. 19 14 to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the restoration of the modern Olympic movement, the Olympic flag was used for the first time in the Olympic Games held in Paris. 1920 during the Antwerp Olympic games, the first five-ring flag was raised in the stadium. Since then, the flag handover ceremony and flag-raising ceremony have been held in the opening ceremonies of previous Olympic Games. In order to publicize the Olympic spirit and encourage athletes, Coubertin proposed in 19 13 and was approved by the International Olympic Committee, taking "swifter, higher and stronger" as the Olympic motto. 1908 When the London Olympic Games was held, the Archbishop of Pennsylvania in the United States said in his sermon at the religious ceremony of the Olympic Games held in St. Paul's Cathedral that "it is important to participate in the Olympic Games, not to win". Coubertin appreciated this sentence very much and quoted it many times in the future. Therefore, many people think that this sentence should become an Olympic ideal. Athletes' oath will be implemented from the 7th Olympic Games of 1920. 1968 Olympic Games added the oath of referee. At the 1936 1 1 Olympic Games, the IOC officially stipulated that the Olympic flame symbolizing light, friendship and unity should be lit at the main venue. Since then, this activity has become one of the indispensable ceremonies for the opening ceremony of each Olympic Games. Before the Olympic Games, the torch was lit by the sunlight gathered by concave mirror near the temple of the Greek goddess Hera (the wife of Zeus) in Olympia, and then carried on the torch relay and arrived in the host city the day before the opening of the Olympic Games. At the opening ceremony, the athletes of the host country lit the flame on the tower with the last stick, and the flame went out at the closing ceremony.