Yanzhou, one of the ancient Kyushu, is now Yanzhou City, Shandong Province. The word "Yanzhou" appeared after the Spring and Autumn Period. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, a hundred schools of thought contended and wrote books, and named Kyushu after Yu. Yanzhou was one of them. Yan was written as Jiao in ancient times, and Yanzhou in Historical Records Xia Benji was written as Jiao Zhou. Shui Yuan left Wuwangshan in the west of Jiyuan County and flowed into the sea in the east. The name of backwater reach is different from that of basin. "Shangshu Gong Yu" says: "Draw backwater, flow eastward for economic benefits, and enter the river." "The Biography of Pseudo-Confucius" says: "The spring is water and the flow is classics." Notes on Water Classics: Jishui: "Jishui flows from Wangshan in Dongyuan County to the northwest of Wenxian County in the east." According to the above records, Lingshui is located at the source of Jishui on the north bank of the Yellow River. Yanzhou, Gong Yu is named after Lingshui, and its state is in Jishui and its downstream south of the Yellow River. "Hanshu Geography" says that water flows into the sea spontaneously, but it doesn't mention that it is called water saving after its origin or downstream, so it actually refers to the whole flow of water saving. In modern times, Jishui on the north bank of the Yellow River is sometimes called Lingshui. In short, from the analysis of the above records, Lingshui and Jishui are actually a river. The upstream is called Lingshui, and the downstream is called Jishui. Sometimes the whole stream is also called Lingshui or Jishui, just because the names of different periods are different. The geographical scope of ancient Yanzhou is related to backwater basin. "Shangshu Gong Yu" contains: "The Jihe River is only Yanzhou." "Erya Dish" contains: "Economy and river are called Yanzhou." "Zhou Li Xiaguan Local Records" contains: "Hedong is called Yanzhou." In these ancient books, the auxiliary to water should also be water. Therefore, the area between Jishui and the Yellow River should be the ancient Yanzhou area. "Erya Dish" is a book to promote the army: "Li Xun's song: Ji, the spirit of Hejian, is sincere and modest, so it is called Yan. Yan, Xin also. " "Geography of Sui Shu" contains: "Yan Zhi is also a word-end, and the word is fine, so he kills it with his spirit. ..... The teachings of Tang Shu, the old squire, also have the legacy of Kong Zhou. Today, in these counties, there are still many people who are good at Confucianism. Their nature is straightforward and upright, and there is an ancient style. " It means that the geographical conditions between Jishui and the Yellow River are very good, belonging to the holy land of Confucius and Mencius. People living in this land, influenced by Confucius and Mencius' thoughts, are virtuous, honest and rigorous, and are "sealed as strict". Yan and Qin are confirmed in many historical books. And "Qin" evolved into "Yan" The ancients said that the seal script of Qin stood by the water and was written on the cloud. Later, it was changed to "Liu" and changed to "Yan". Therefore, the original meaning of "Yan" is the name of water. Today, the meaning of "Yan" is attached by later generations. It should have been named "Yan" after the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Yanzhou's "state" originally refers to the habitable place in the water. Later, people lived on high ground by the river, and then they became residential areas. With the development of production, population reproduction and class opposition, it has gradually developed into a city or capital. "State" has become synonymous with administrative divisions. However, as an ancient Kyushu, "Zhou" still refers to a habitable place in the water. Yanzhou first appeared in the geographical division. In ancient books, there is a saying that the Yellow Emperor built a state by states. Although it is not true that later generations have the concept of dynasties based on the attachment of primitive social boundaries, it is more popular to divide China into Kyushu. Yu Xia is a transitional figure from primitive society to slave society. Although he has the idea of incarnating an ideal figure, he is still a legendary historical figure. According to Shangshu Gong Yu, Yu divided China into nine regions, namely, Hebei, Yanzhou, Qingdao, Xu, Yang, Jing, Yu, Liang and Yong, according to the geographical survey and the natural boundaries of famous mountains and rivers, so it was called Kyushu ("Kyushu" was not completely referred to in Yu's era, and the specific title of "Kyushu" was not made by Dayu). It also describes its mountains and rivers, lakes, soil, products, land tax grades, tribute names, land and water routes and ethnic minorities. As a geographical division, as early as the Neolithic Age before Xiaxia, there were different types of primitive cultures, similar to regional forms. Through the discovery of archaeological culture and its particularity and uniqueness, it shows that the primitive culture created by our ancestors already has regional problems, so it can also be imagined as a "whole" division. As for whether artificial regional division can be formed, it is difficult to prove. Ancient administrative divisions were often based on geographical conditions and restricted by geographical factors. There are records about Kyushu or twelve states in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties. Although the meanings are different, three generations all have the geographical concept of "Yanzhou". It is located in the northeast of Henan, the south of Hebei and the west of Shandong. After the Spring and Autumn Period, the vassal states gradually established their own administrative divisions, but because the pronouns of geographical concepts did not meet the needs of the terms used as administrative divisions, they were often confused. The Qin dynasty abolished the title of the country and implemented the county system throughout the country. When Emperor Wudi of the Western Han Dynasty established the secretariat of fourteen states, Yanzhou officially became an administrative division. The Han dynasty expanded its territory because of "opening up territory and expelling territory" According to the Records of Geography of Hanshu, in order to strengthen centralized rule, the Han Dynasty re-divided the whole country into fourteen states and set up the secretariat department of fourteen states. Yanzhou is one of them, located in Puyang, which governs Yang Shan (including Xianqiu, Qixian and Yu Fang). ), Dong Jun, Chenliu, Jiyang, Taishan and Dongping. During Wang Mang's period, he thought that the state name and state boundary of Han Dynasty could not be ignored, and changed or merged the state name, but Yanzhou remained unchanged. In the 11th year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (35), Shuofang in the Western Han Dynasty was merged into Bingzhou, and the whole country was changed to thirteen states. Yanzhou is located in Changyi (now 40 miles northwest of Jinxiang County, Shandong Province), which governs eight counties and states, namely Chenliu, Dong Jun, Rencheng, Taishan, northern Hebei, Yang Shan (now Yanzhou belongs to Shanyang County), Jiyang and Dongping, roughly covering western Shandong and eastern Henan. During the Three Kingdoms period, Yanzhou belonged to Wei. After Cao Cao took charge of animal husbandry in Jizhou, Yanzhou was still in charge of eight counties and eight countries in order to expand the sphere of influence and narrow other areas and merge into Jizhou. Only the Han Dynasty changed to Chen Liuguo, and Ren changed to Ren. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, Yanzhou ruled Changyi first, and then moved to Xu Qiu (now east of Juancheng County, Shandong Province). During the Jin Dynasty, Yanzhou Secretariat Department was set up, which governed Puyang, Dongping, northern Hebei, Taishan, Chenliu, Jiyang, Rencheng and Gaoping (Changyi, Xianqiu, Jinxiang and Juye). ). In the first year of Jin Taikang (280), the western Jin Dynasty wiped out Wu, and the whole country was divided into 19 Kyushu. In Yongjia period, 2 1 state department was established. Yanzhou is one of them, first managing the soldiers and then moving to Yuncheng (now northwest of Yuncheng City, Shandong Province). In the last year of Emperor Jinhui (290), the whole territory of Yanzhou fell to the post-Zhao. In the battle of Yanzhou, a large number of people moved south. In the Eastern Jin and Yuan Dynasties, they set up overseas Chinese states, overseas Chinese counties and overseas Chinese hometowns. Yanzhou is one of the overseas Chinese States, and its administrative office is located in Jingkou (now Dantu, Jiangsu). During the Taining period in Jin Mingdi (323-325), Zhai Jian was the secretariat of Yanzhou and lived in Guangling (now the northeast of Jiangdu County, Jiangsu Province). In the early Yuan Dynasty (343), he was sent to Jincheng (now the north of Jiangning County, Jiangsu Province). Moody Yonghe (345-356) ruled Pi (now Pixian East, Jiangsu Province), Huaixi Gongtaihe (366-37 1) moved (now Huai 'an, Jiangsu Province), and Emperor Xiaowu Taiyuan (376-396) also ruled Guangling, cutting Jianghuai area into Yanzhou territory and leading fourteen counties. Yanzhou in Guangling was called Nanyanzhou in history. Yanzhou, where the northern Yuncheng coexists, is called Northern Yanzhou. North Yanzhou governs Dongping, Gaoping, Jiyang, Jibei, Rencheng and other counties. In the early years of the Southern Dynasties, Liu Yuping, Henan Province set up Yanzhou on the sliding platform (now hua county, Henan Province), which was called Xiyanzhou in history. In the 10th year of Yuanjia in Song Wendi (433), he moved to Zoushan (now the southeast city of Zoucheng, Shandong Province), sent Pengcheng (now Tongshan County, Jiangsu Province) and moved to Xuchang (now five miles northwest of Dongping County, Shandong Province). In the 20th year of Yuanjia (443), Yanzhou was divided into Xuzhou and Jizhou, and its old Yanzhou was replaced by Lujun. In June of the 30th year of Yuanjia (453), Yanzhou was rebuilt and abandoned (now Yanzhou City). In the early years of Song Xiaowu (454), Hu Tian (now Pei County, Jiangsu Province) was governed, and Song Qin (465) moved to rule the defective hills. During the Qi and Liang Dynasties, Yu Qingjiang in northern Yanzhou and Guangling in southern Yanzhou were established. After Yanzhou fell to Wei, the overseas Chinese ruled Huaiyin, and the old Yanzhou moved to the sliding platform, and then the defective hills were treated. Yanzhou, called Xianqiu, called Dongyanzhou, also called Yanzhou. Yanzhou on the sliding platform is Xizhou. During the reign of Xiaochang in the Northern Wei Dynasty (525-527), Xiyanzhou moved to Dingtao (now the northwest of Dingtao County, Shandong Province). During the Taihe period of the Northern Wei Dynasty (477-499), Nanzhan Prefecture was located in Yang Guo (now northeast of Mengcheng County, Anhui Province), and during the Guangnian period of the Northern Wei Dynasty (520-525), it moved to Qiaocheng (now Mizhou, Anhui Province). Yanzhou (Xianqiu), West Yanzhou (Sliding Platform) and South Yanzhou (Qiaocheng) at that time were called Sanyanzhou. In the Eastern Wei Dynasty, Yanzhou was located in Xianqiu, Yanzhou in the south was located in Chenliu, and Yanzhou in the west was located in Jiyang (now northwest of Cao County, Shandong Province). During the Northern Qi Dynasty, Qingjiang Yanzhou was changed to Huaizhou, and Guangling Yanzhou was changed to East Guangzhou. In the early years of Sui Dynasty, following the previous system, the emperor ascended the throne for three years (583), and "the county system was established after the abolition of counties". In the second year of Daye (606), Yanzhou changed to Lu County and led ten counties. West Yanzhou changed to East County, and South Yanzhou changed to Qiao County. After Tang Gaozu Li Yuan established the dynasty, he practiced state governance. In the fifth year of Wude (622), Xu Yuanlang was placed in Yanzhou. It is located in Xianqiu, Lingren City, Xianqiu, Pinglu, Xichou, Qufu, Zou and Surabaya. In the 14th year of Zhenguan (640), the Governor of Yanzhou was established, which governed Yanzhou, Qin and Yi San. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Yanzhou changed to Lu County, and in the first year of Gan Yuan (758), Yanzhou was restored to eight counties. At the same time, we set up the Yanhai defect-curing hill, which belongs to Henan Road and governs Yanzhou, Shanghai, Iraq and Michigan. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Liang, Tang, Jin and Han established Yanzhou Qin Yi as the envoy, which belonged to Henan Daoism to cure defects. In the latter Zhou Dynasty, because Murong Yan rebelled against Yanzhou, Yanzhou was reduced to be the defending state and was in charge of six counties. In the first year of Dazhong Xiangfu in the Song Dynasty (1008), Yanzhou was promoted to a metropolitan government. In the eighth year of Zhenghe (1 1 18), it was changed to attack Qingfu, which belonged to Shandong East Road and governed xian county (now Yanzhou), Fengfu (now Taian), Surabaya and Lishui. Jin changed Yanzhou. The Taining Army was originally formed to cure Yang. In the 19th year of Dading (1 179), it was changed to our army's Taining Army, which was attached to Shandong West Road and governed Guanyang, Qufu, Sishui and Ningyang counties. Yanzhou was established in the Yuan Dynasty, which was subordinate to Jining Road. In the second year of Xianzong (1252), he was transferred to Dongping Road. In the fifth year of Zhiyuan (1268), it was returned to Jeju, and in the sixteenth year of Zhiyuan (1279), it was transferred to the Governor's Office of Jining Road, which governed Fuyang, Qufu, Sishui and Ningyang. In the early Ming Dynasty, Guanyang was merged into Yanzhou. Yanzhou has jurisdiction over three counties and belongs to Jining Prefecture. In the 18th year of Hongwu (1385), Ming Taizu made Zhu Tan, his tenth son, King Lu of Yanzhou, promoted Yanzhou to be the government, and was subordinate to Shandong Chengxuan Bureau, and restored Zhiyang County as the seat of Yanzhou government, which governed Jining, Dongping, Cao and Yi counties. Yanzhou Prefecture was still established in Qing Dynasty, which was under the jurisdiction of Ziyang and belonged to Shandong Province. According to the Records of Yanzhou Prefecture in the 31st year of Qianlong (1766), Yanzhou Prefecture has jurisdiction over one state and thirteen counties. 19 13 abolished the state system and changed to the county system. Cancel Yanzhou House, and the seat of the house belongs to Jining Road. 1July, 948, Ziyang County was called Yanzhou City, and Ziyang County was called in the countryside. In February of the same year, 65438+, cities and counties merged, called Ziyang County, which was under the Nishan Department. 1962 1 month, Ziyang and Qufu were divided, and Ziyang County was renamed Yanzhou County, under the Jining Department. Administrative system reform in April, 1984. Yanzhou County belongs to Jining City, and has jurisdiction over 13 districts (towns), 35 townships, 6 sub-district offices and 5 residents' committees. 1992 Yanzhou county governs five towns and eight townships. 1September 1995 19, Yanzhou county was renamed as Yanzhou city. 1995 Yanzhou has jurisdiction over nine towns and four townships. In 2002, Yanzhou administered ten towns and two offices. 20 1 1 Yanzhou has jurisdiction over 6 towns (including 2 provincial development parks) and 5 offices.