1. The relationship between heaven and everything. There are two relationships worth noting here. First, the sky is the beginning of one, yuan and everything. All these things also include people. Here, the sky is the root of everything. Beyond everything. Heaven does nothing and does everything. This idea has something to do with Taoist theory. Second, the movement of the sky and its physical relationship with everything. This involves the intersection of heaven and earth, the change of four seasons, the gestation of all things and the nature of all things. This aspect is mainly explained by the theory of yin-yang and five elements.

2. the relationship between heaven and man. Here are three ideas worth noting. One day, it is similar to human beings, so-called human nature. On the one hand, people are similar in physiology, on the other hand, the political and ethical relationship of people is also in line with the relationship between heaven and earth and the order of the five elements. Secondly, man should imitate heaven. Personal health care should follow the example of heaven, and so should the monarch. Third, heaven and man can feel, good attracts good, evil attracts evil, and heaven thinks of good and evil.

3. The relationship between politics and ethics. The core idea is the three cardinal guides and the five permanent members. What needs to be pointed out here is that, on the one hand, the monarch and the minister are matched with yin and yang, and the monarch is yang and the minister is yin; On the other hand, the monarch has a detached relationship with his subjects, just like the sky transcends everything.

4. the way to govern the country. For example, following the way of yin and yang, taking morality as the main punishment, the monarch is mainly "living without a fixed place, teaching without blindness", making good use of the right of reward and punishment, and so on.

5. Yin-Yang and Five Elements Theory. This is the theoretical basis of Dong Zhongshu's whole ideological system. More specifically, the theory of Yin-Yang and Five Elements is the "physical" basis for Dong Zhongshu to discuss the political and ethical relationship between heaven and everything, heaven and man, and man's way of governing the country.