Hypertension health knowledge
1. Hypertension is often related to fatigue and work pressure. After the blood pressure rises, it is necessary to appropriately slow down the pace of work, adjust the law of life and pay attention to moderate rest.
2. Patients with hypertension can't smoke or drink. Nicotine exists in cigarettes, which constricts blood vessels and raises blood pressure. Drinking alcohol easily excites sympathetic nerves and induces further increase in blood pressure. You must quit smoking and drinking to effectively lower your blood pressure.
3. Maintain a good mental state. Don't be impatient, angry, sad, sad, etc These emotional factors are not conducive to stabilizing blood pressure.
4. Diet should be light, use less salt and sugar, eat less greasy meat and fish, mainly vegetables and freshwater fish. Diet is an important auxiliary factor to lower blood pressure.
5. Keep the stool unobstructed, use intestine moistening medicine when the stool is dry, and don't forcibly defecate.
6. Pay attention to moderate exercise, such as playing Tai Ji Chuan and jogging in the morning, but don't get up too early in winter and don't sweat too much in summer.
7. Be sure to use the medicine regularly under the guidance of a doctor, and you can't stop taking the medicine or change the medicine without authorization.
How is hypertension determined?
First: Correct diagnosis of blood pressure. When diagnosing hypertension, we usually use the average value of blood pressure three times at the same time on different days, that is, measure three blood pressure values at different times for three days and take the average value. When measuring blood pressure, it should be noted that in a quiet state, the room temperature should not be too high or too low, generally around 20℃. Take the right hand as the standard, and take a sitting position. Of course, you can also measure the standing posture and even lower limb blood pressure when necessary.
Second, the diagnostic criteria of hypertension. At present, the WHO standard of 1999 is adopted, and the ideal blood pressure is systolic blood pressure 120mmHg and diastolic blood pressure 80mmHg. When systolic blood pressure 130mmHg and diastolic blood pressure is 85mmHg, it is normal blood pressure. Systolic blood pressure 140mmHg or diastolic blood pressure? When it reaches 90mmHg, it is high blood pressure. Grade I hypertension: systolic blood pressure 140? 159mmHg, diastolic pressure 90? 99mmHgⅱ grade Ⅱ hypertension: systolic blood pressure 160? 180mmHg, diastolic pressure 100? 109 mmhg； Grade Ⅲ hypertension: systolic blood pressure? 180mmHg, diastolic pressure? 1 10mmHg. Simple systolic blood pressure increases, systolic blood pressure? 140mm Hg.
When blood pressure rises and reaches the standard of hypertension, it cannot be regarded as hypertension.
Among patients with elevated blood pressure, 90% are hypertensive, also known as essential hypertension. 10% is caused by other diseases, called symptomatic hypertension or secondary hypertension. 10% of symptomatic hypertension, 90% is caused by kidney diseases, and 10% is caused by thyroid diseases, endocrine diseases, taking certain drugs, etc.
Therefore, if you find that your blood pressure has increased, you should seek a doctor's careful examination, such as renal function examination, B-ultrasound, renal arteriography, thyroid morphology and function examination, endocrine related indicators, etc., to rule out that his blood pressure increase is caused by the above diseases. If the above diseases are excluded, then his hypertension is essential hypertension, which is hypertension. If it is symptomatic hypertension, the related diseases that cause hypertension must be treated.
Healthy diet recipes for patients with hypertension
Three meals
Diet arrangements should be less and more meals to avoid overeating; Patients with hypertension are often obese and must eat low-calorie food. The total heat should be controlled at about 8.36 megajoules per day. Daily staple food150-250g, with animal protein and plant protein accounting for 50% and 50% respectively. Hypertensive patients without nephropathy or gout can eat more soybeans, peanuts, black fungus or tremella and fruits. Dinner should be light and light, too much greasy food can induce stroke. Edible oil should be vegetable oil containing vitamin E and linoleic acid; There is no candy. Eat more high-cellulose foods, such as bamboo shoots, green vegetables, Chinese cabbage, wax gourd, tomato, eggplant, bean sprouts, jellyfish, kelp, onions, and a small amount of fish, shrimp, poultry meat, skim milk powder, egg white and so on.
low-salt
The amount of salt per person per day should be strictly controlled at 2-5 grams, that is, about one spoonful. The amount of salt should also be subtracted from the sodium contained in the boiled soy sauce. 3 ml of soy sauce is equivalent to 1 g of salt. Salted vegetables (sauces), fermented bean curd, bacon (eggs), pickled products, clam shells, dried shrimps, preserved eggs, chrysanthemums, grass heads, water spinach and other vegetables are all high in sodium, so we should try to eat less or not.
High potassium
Foods rich in potassium can resist sodium-induced hypertension and vascular injury, and can be used frequently in diet? Appear? . This kind of food includes beans, mushrooms, black dates, almonds, walnuts, peanuts, potatoes, bamboo shoots, lean meat, fish and poultry, root vegetables such as amaranth, rape and green onions, and fruits such as bananas, dates, peaches and oranges. Fish No matter what kind of hypertension patients, fish is the first choice, because epidemiological survey found that people who eat fish once a week have significantly lower heart disease mortality than those who don't eat fish.
Fruits and vegetables
Eat foods rich in calcium, such as soybeans, sunflower seeds, walnuts, milk, peanuts, fish and shrimp, red dates, fresh potherb mustard, garlic sprouts, laver and so on.
Iron supplement
The plasma iron in elderly hypertensive patients is lower than normal, so eating more iron-rich foods, such as peas and fungus, can not only lower blood pressure, but also prevent anemia in the elderly.
drink water
Natural mineral water contains essential trace elements such as lithium, strontium, zinc, selenium and iodine. After boiling, calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc beneficial to human body will be obviously reduced due to precipitation, so it is suitable for drinking raw water that meets the standard. Tea contains tea polyphenols, and the content of green tea is higher than that of black tea. It can prevent the oxidation of vitamin C, help the utilization of vitamin C in the body and eliminate harmful chromium ions. In addition, it also contains trace elements such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc and fluorine. Therefore, brewing 4-6 grams of tea every day (equivalent to 2-3 cups of tea bags) is beneficial to the human body for a long time.