An Analysis of the Image of Xiongdu in Xie Lingyun's Island in the River

Jiangnan scroll calendar, Jiangbei wandering around. Huaixin Road turned around and looked for another kind of scenery without hesitation. Turbulence is becoming more and more inevitable, and the island is charming. The clouds are sunny and the water is clear. There is no reward for expressing spirituality, and whoever is true is the biography. Imagine the posture of Kunshan, the middle edge of Myanmar. When you begin to believe in the safety period, you will have to stay healthy for many years.

This poem was written in the first year of Jingping (423) and was appointed as the magistrate of Yongjia (now Wenzhou, Zhejiang) when he was lucky in spirit. The "Jiang" in the title refers to Yongjia River. Located 40 miles south of Wenzhou, Gudao is a middle tributary of Yongjia River, with a length of 300 feet and a width of 70 steps. There are two peaks on the island. (See Zhang Yunqian's Selected Works quoted in The Whole World)

The whole poem is divided into three layers. The first four sentences are the first layer: the poet is eager to explore the exotic scenery in Jiangbei. In the first year, Xie Lingyun was forced to be the magistrate of Yongjia. "Since I didn't succeed, I wandered around the counties and moved for more than ten days." (Song Shu) In less than a year, I have visited all the scenic spots in Yongjia, and I feel that Jiangnan is not fresh and boring. On the other hand, the strange mountains and strange waters on the north bank of Yongjia River, when the poet went to work a year ago, just passed by in a hurry, and he couldn't help longing for it for a long time, so he was eager to explore new and different scenery. Just because I am in a hurry, I feel that the road is far away, and time is fleeting and it is difficult to delay. Wu, a Qing man, commented: "Ordinary people have gone through the old road, but they don't know how far they are. In order to cherish the new, they want to see what they have not seen. The road is far away, and the days are coming soon. I will always be eager to find differences, so I am tired of reading it and I am not tired of it. " (Epilogue of Six Dynasties Poems) These four sentences are extremely urgent, which has made a powerful foreshadowing for the surprise of finding an isolated island in the river below.

Five to eight sentences are the second level: from the surprise of finding an isolated island to the description of beautiful scenery. The phrase "turbulent flow" was born out of Erya Shi Shui: "Water never flows, which means chaos". Hao Yixing's "Er Ya Yi Shu" said: "Absolutely, it is still broken. The interception is not smooth and chaotic. " The "trend" is like a flock of people. Mei is so beautiful that it is pleasing to the eye. Because I suddenly found an island in the river, I intercepted it and quickly passed through it. This isolated island stands in the river, how beautiful and pleasant it is. The word "hasten" vividly describes the urgency of winning the island exploration and responds to the last article; The word "Mei" vividly depicts the beautiful charm of the island and the joy of the poet. The phrase "cloudy day" is a concrete description of the word "plum": white clouds are bathed in golden sunshine, complement each other, and how beautiful they are; The blue sky is reflected in the green river, and the water and sky are the same color, how clear and distinct! These four sentences can be described as "the beauty of love is dense, and the beauty is in its chest, with bones, rhyme and color." The first two sentences are well written, while the last two sentences are magnificent and wonderful. Zhong Rong's so-called "famous articles and famous sentences are everywhere, and the beautiful classics and new voices are constantly rushing to the meeting" (on "Poetry") almost refers to this. The sudden discovery of these scenic spots is much more interesting than the mood on the first floor of "looking at the south of the Yangtze River". In this regard, how can the poet not be deeply touched and imagined? So the pen naturally turned to the third layer of exclamation discussion.

At the end of the six sentences, the poet's loneliness and anger are expressed through sighs and associations. "Representing God" shows the spirit of the world: "thing" refers to the world here. "Accumulate the truth", that is, it includes the interest of nature (referring to real people and immortals). "Myanmar", remote; "Regional periphery" is the fate of the world. "Angel Art" refers to the immortal Taoism of the legendary immortal An Qisheng. Health preservation means longevity. The poet first lamented: these landscapes are the expression of the spirit of heaven and earth, but the world does not know how to appreciate their value, so who can tell their natural taste? Then the poet galloped with his elegant imagination, connecting the beautiful scenery of Jiangyu with the fairies of Kunlun Mountain, and suddenly felt that he was so far away from the secular world as if he were independent. Finally: I finally believe it now, and I understand the longevity of An Qisheng, so I can live with peace of mind from now on. In this passage, the poet touched the scene, moved the scene, drifted his thoughts and was full of interest. Therefore, although he is talking, his image is still flying, but he is not bored. It can be said that emotion, scenery and reason are integrated!

This poem depicts the beautiful scenery of the isolated island in the river, but also reflects the poet's aloof character, resentment of being excluded and his thoughts and emotions of seeking immortality from the world. Xie Lingyun was originally from a noble family. He also said that "the beauty of the article is beyond Jiang Zuo's comprehension" and "only when he claims that he can participate in power." (Song Shu) But after Liu Yu, a civilian warlord, established the Song Dynasty, his position declined again and again until he was expelled from Beijing and became the magistrate of Yongjia. It is not difficult to understand that he has always been arrogant and arrogant, and he has suffered repeated setbacks in his official career, failing to get his talents, leaving his feelings in the mountains and rivers and seeking the Tao. In the autumn when this poem was written, Ren Yongjia just turned one year old. He resigned and returned to Huining Nanshan in Huiji to run the manor, where he chatted with a hermit monk about metaphysics. Therefore, his fascination with the immortals of mountains and rivers is the externalization of his inner depression and depression. As Bai Juyi said in "Reading Xie Lingyun's Poems": "Xie Gongcai keeps a low profile and does not meet the world. Strong people need relief when they are depressed. This is a landscape poem, and the rhyme is very interesting ... not to play with the scenery, but also for fun. "

This poem is clever and ingenious, and it is stretched by the situation. If you want to write about the beauty and magic of Jiang Yu, you should first write about the exhaustion of scenic spots in the south of the Yangtze River. Then, I changed the subject and said, "I am absorbed in Wan Ren", thinking about the fairy beauty of Kunlun Mountain, and getting to know the ancient Anqi Shengdao, further comparing and deifying the illusion of a desert island. Such a mixture of reality and reality not only highlights the beauty and strangeness of the island, but also effectively reflects the subjective feeling of loneliness. The structure is dense, the meaning is consistent, and the scene blends.

Secondly, the language is exquisite and skillful, which is manifested in the exercise and vividness of words, such as fatigue, openness, tendency, flattery, spirit and truth, which make the whole sentence meaningful and profound; Turbulence, islands, cloudy days, empty water and other images are all beautiful. Then a lot of antithetical sentences are used, which are not only accurate, but also roughly consistent with the following lines, and they are all natural. Before tonology was established, we could not but marvel at the poet's ingenious casting and subtle luck.

I won't misunderstand you again! ! ! ! !

I'm sorry! !