Watermark appears on the stone texture.

Pathology:

The alkali and salt in the water stored in the cracks of the stone react with the metal ions in the stone, and the color changes.

Etiology:

1. When paving, the back of the stone was not waterproof according to the standard paving technology, and the dark cracks of the stone became ditches for transporting water: from the formation of the stone, the stone on the ground of this project belongs to sedimentary rock (in short, it was formed by repeated earth movements), and the texture (dark cracks) of the stone is inevitable. Different mines and even different strata in the same mine have different textures of stones. From the appearance, the stone texture has a certain aesthetic feeling, but because the stone texture (dark crack) is actually an invisible fault of the plate, it requires that the stone must adopt scientific and standardized technology when paving and maintaining. According to national standards, when laying sedimentary rocks, it is necessary to shovel the back net first, and then brush the stone back protective agent or stone back glue as a whole to prevent diseases in the use of stone materials. However, it is understood that the stone of this project is "rushing to work" when paving, and the removal of the back net not only increases the workload of the installer, but also easily breaks. The stone in this project has not been shoveled at all, and there is no back protection or stone back glue, thus laying a curse: the alkali salt on the back of the stone is transported to the surface of the stone through dark cracks in the medium of water (the temperature difference between hot and cold plates will form water, and water also exists in the concrete base on the back of the stone), and then reacts with the metal components in the stone to cause discoloration.

2. When leveling and polishing for the first time, the stone was not dry-ground and waterproof according to the standard process, and the dark crack of the stone became a reservoir during the cleaning operation. Because stone is rarely paved according to standard technology, the national standard stipulates that sedimentary rocks must be dry-ground when leveling and polishing for the first time to reduce the water absorption of stone. After dry grinding and leveling, the stone waterproof agent is applied to improve the hydrophobic effect of the stone, and then the repair adhesive with high wiping permeability is approved. However, it is understood that the first leveling and grinding of the stone in this project violated the specifications: the rough grinding was carried out by water mill, and the stone waterproof agent was not painted and the stone repair glue was not scraped. In this way, when cleaning stone, too much water is stored in the dark cracks of stone, which makes the dark cracks of stone oxidized and sick.

Treatment: Based on the principle of redox, professional therapeutic agents for lithiasis are used to reduce dark cracks and discoloration and completely remove stains. Then dry-grind the whole stone surface with grinder and industrial vacuum cleaner (industrial vacuum cleaner can realize dry-grinding and dust-free operation), then use professional drugs to treat diseases and preserve health according to standard time, then scrape the whole stone surface with professional repair glue with strong permeability, strong adhesion, strong stability and strong polishing ability, and then polish and polish it according to standard process.

Maintenance method: regularly use neutral polishing materials for polishing and maintenance, and regularly carry out protection and health care.

Worksheet display watermark:

Formation of pathology: Stones, like human skin, need a certain degree of water retention, but if there is too much water, watermarks will appear.

Reason: The stone was not waterproof according to the specifications in the process of installation, paving, leveling and polishing, resulting in excessive water storage, while the resin wax material was used in the later maintenance of the stone, which closed the pores of the stone, resulting in the stone being bright but unable to breathe normally. ?

Treatment: open the pores on the stone surface, thoroughly remove the water stains on the stone with professional stone disease treatment agent, then clean it, soak it to make the stone waterproof, and then polish it evenly until it is bright.

work progress

Crack watermark area:

1. Remove crack watermark.

2. Grind the pores on the stone surface.

3. Clean the crack microorganisms.

4. Repair the cracks with glue drops. (It must be water-based, professional repair glue with strong permeability, strong adhesion, strong polishing ability and strong stability. )

5. Grind off the residual glue.

6. Impregnated stone waterproofing agent should be applied (at least 50-25 kg waterproof material for bridge engineering should be bought in 80 yuan, and mixed with water according to 1: 30-50, preferably not used). It is recommended to use dr.stone stone waterproofing agent, absolute stock solution.

7. Medium grinding-fine grinding-polishing.