"Historical Records" also records that Lao Zi Gai was over 60 years old, or over 200 years old, and saved his life by practicing Buddhism.
Throughout the ages, the study of Laozi's works can be said to be overwhelming.
However, where did Lao Tzu practice in his later years? Where did Lao Tzu soar after he got the Tao?
The trace of Lao Zi's voyage to the West through Hangu Pass is an eternal mystery. ...
1. Have Gansu scholars solved the mystery of history?
On June 22nd, 2006, at the panel discussion of the First International Forum on Laozi Culture held in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, researcher Zhang Bingyu read the paper "Laozi in Gansu-Trying to Reveal an Eternal Mystery" that he had finished in cooperation with researcher Yan Tao of Gansu Social Science Federation, and said that they had uncovered the historical mystery of Laozi, the founder of Taoism, who went west to Hanguguan in his later years.
According to relevant historical materials, physical objects and folk sacrificial customs, Lao Zi cultivated himself and taught in Gansu and other places, and finally ascended to heaven in Lintao County, Gansu Province.
This statement has aroused great interest from experts and scholars present.
Probably because it is the authority of the history of faith, the research on Laozi's "final destination" seems to stop here. At this international forum on Laozi culture, I will try to solve this mystery. Zhang Bingyu said.
Zhang Bingyu believes that Lao Zi went out to Hangu Pass and continued his westward journey, with footprints all over Gansu.
His trip usually starts from Hanguguan (now northeast of Lingbao County, Henan Province), passes through Sanguan (now southwest of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province), enters Gansu, and passes through You Tianshui, Qingshui, Lixian County, Qin 'an, Gangu, Longxi, Weiyuan, Lintao, Lanzhou (Gaolan), Guanghe, Jishishan, Yongjing, Yongdeng, Wuwei and Qinghai Gate.
Second, is Lao Tzu's Xiguan Hangu Pass or Songguan Pass?
Historians have always had two opinions about Laozi's westward journey to Heguan:
One is Hanguguan (now northeast of Lingbao County, Henan Province), which is the view of most people;
The other is Sanguan (now on the third mausoleum in the southwest of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province).
Zhang Bingyu said that Lao Tzu's westward journey passed through Hangu Pass, but crossing Hangu Pass in the true sense means going through the pass for the following reasons:
1, Lao Tzu despaired of the Zhou Dynasty and decided to go to other countries far away from the Zhou Dynasty. If he went to Hanguguan, he would have to go through the customs, but he didn't achieve the purpose of going to the Zhou Dynasty, because Hanguguan still belonged to the territory of the Zhou Dynasty.
2. According to historical records, Li Daoyuan has locked the customs clearance time of Laozi's voyage to the West in the Notes on Water Classics.
3. The official Wen Yin who forced Lao Zi to write a book was a native of Longxi (now Lintao, Gansu) at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, and a doctor of Qin, who once made a customs clearance order, not a letter valley customs clearance order.
Ge Hong of the Eastern Jin Dynasty wrote "Bao Puzi", in which he said, "I went west, met the customs, and was sent to Yin, so I was so happy that I merged a volume of Tao Te Ching, which was called" Lao Zi ".
It can be seen that the close relationship between Laozi and the two classics of morality and Taoism is three views.
Third, why did Lao Tzu go west to Yidi?
According to the Records of the Later Han Dynasty, Lao Zi went to Yidi in the west after going through customs. In the seventh year of the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 164), an official named Xiang wrote a book to Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty, saying that Lao Zi had gone west to Yidi as a pagoda. Why did Lao Tzu go west to Yidi?
According to historical records, Gansu is the birthplace of China's human ancestors Fuxi and Nuwa, so it is called the hometown of Xihuang. There are also quicksand relics of Dayu's water control and water diversion.
Yan Tao said that Lao Tzu advocated the way of ancient sages and sages, went west to find the remains of the late king, and visited virtuous people. This is the ideal place for Laozi to find the avenue at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period when the road collapsed and the ceremony was bad.
Gansu has been a mixed area of ethnic minorities since ancient times. During the Spring and Autumn Period, border residents were collectively referred to as Yidi, and those living in the northwest border were also called Xirong or Yidi.
The west of the vassal state of Qin is a wasteland, which is the upper reaches of Weihe River, the middle and lower reaches of Taohe River and Huangshui River.
Qin Dou Art Examination by Wang Guowei in Qing Dynasty said that the ancestors of Qin people originated from Rongdi.
From the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period, the vassal states of Huaxia nationality always regarded Qin Wei as Rong Di.
Rongdi is the territory of the ancestors of Qin people, which is now Lixian County, Tianshui, Gansu Province.
Zhang Bingyu said, from this speculation, Lao Tzu's westward journey into Yidi and his journey to Yidi in Qin Long area are well-founded.
So, what did I do in Yidi after I went west to Yidi? What is his final destination?
Fourth, Lao Tzu practiced Buddhism in Yidi, and Lintao soared?
Lao Tzu said that he knew the Lintao people in Yin and Guanling and knew that he was a native of Yi. If Lao Tzu wants to travel westward in the place where man and land were born, he needs local people as guides.
Yin, who has always admired Laozi, is familiar with Gansu people and can learn from Laozi at any time. Therefore, Yin gave up his official position and accompanied Lao Zi on his westward journey.
It is believed that Laozi's career began when he closed the Tao Te Ching and accompanied Yin to the Western Seas.
At this time, I abandoned Laozi, who had no moral cycle, and found an excellent opportunity and huge space for him to inherit moral classics.
In his later years, Lao Tzu settled in Lintao, Gansu Province, and taught retired elders to practice inner alchemy, health preservation and monasticism. After gaining the Tao, I soar on the transcendental platform in Lintao.
Yan Tao said that there are still relics such as Wenfeng Tower (also known as Pen Tower, which is said to be the place where Laozi wrote classics and inserted pens) in Yuelu Mountain in the east of Lintao County.
"Zhuangzi, Master of Health Care" records the cloud: Death, Qin lost, three days.
Yan Tao said that this shows that Lao Zi died in Guti Road, Longxi, Qin (now Lintao County, Gansu Province), and his old friend in Qin came to offer condolences and cried three times. After the rise of Laozi in Lintao, Laozi's descendants flourished here.
Tang Taizong compiled Genealogy and said: Li sees thirteen things, and Longxi is the first. Later generations, all Li people in the world called Lao Zi the ancestor of Li.
It is understood that since Laozi became famous in Lintao, the local people have always respected Laozi, and Taoist incense has been flourishing in Lintao since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Today, there are dozens of Quanzhen Taoist temples in Lintao County alone, such as Baiyi Temple, Gongbo Temple, Xi 'an Temple, Bei 'an Temple, Doumu Palace, Wu Wen Temple, Taiping Temple Temple, Zongzhen Temple, Jiuhua Temple, manjuji Temple and Arctic Temple.
For more than 2,000 years, every year on March 28th of the lunar calendar, Lao Zi ascended to heaven, and Lintao held various activities to worship Lao Zi.
Laozi's descendants lived and worked in Lintao, and many powerful emperors appeared, including Li Yao, Hou Lixin of Longxi, Li Guang, Li Yuan of Tang Gaozong, Li Shimin of Emperor Taizong, and Li Bai, a great poet.
Two scholars in Gansu believe that after Laozi went to Gansu to settle down, the Li family left Longxi, which can break the Li family's vein, and its roots are based on Laozi's Li family.
At present, every year, a large number of descendants of Li at home and abroad go to Longxitang in Lintao, Gansu Province to seek roots and worship their ancestors.
Zhang Bingyu and Yan Tao's paper "Laozi in Gansu-Trying to Reveal an Eternal Secret" caused a response at the first international forum on Laozi culture, and the voices of discussion and approval rose immediately.
Li Jingyuan, director of the Institute of Philosophy of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and member of the faculty, said: This is indeed a bold inference, which provides some valuable clues for Laozi's "soaring" and will certainly play a certain role in promoting Laozi's culture.