A, mortar reference ratio, according to the actual use situation to adjust and determine the materials should be used in mortar engineering; Mechanical stirring should be used. The stirring time shall not be less than120s; For cement mortar and cement mixed mortar, the feeding is finished; Mortar mixed with fly ash and additives shall not be less than 180s. When trial mixing is carried out according to the mixture ratio obtained by calculation or look-up table, the consistency and layering degree of mortar mixture should be determined. When the requirements cannot be met, the material dosage should be adjusted until the requirements are met. Then it is determined as the benchmark mixture ratio of mortar during trial matching. At least three different mix proportions should be adopted during trial mix, one of which is the benchmark mix proportion, and the cement dosage of other mix proportions should be increased or decreased by 10% respectively according to the benchmark mix proportion. When the consistency and layering are qualified, the amount of water or additives can be adjusted accordingly. Second, the main points of stone masonry masonry flaky masonry should be built by mortar masonry. When building stone, the first layer of stone must be built by slurry method, with the big face down. Larger rubble should be laid at the corner and junction of foundation layer. The mortar must be full, and the plastering area of the plastering surface (i.e. mortar fullness) should be greater than 80%. Rubble masonry should be built in layers, and the natural shape of rubble should be used to make it basically consistent with the first rubble and closely laid. The flaky should be staggered up and down, and laid inside and outside, and the masonry method of filling the core (stone interlayer) in the middle of the flaky outside shall not be adopted; There shall be no shovel stones (stones with pointed stones inclining outwards), axe stones (stones with pointed stones downward) or bridge stones (stones built only at both ends) in the middle, as shown in figure 13-29. Figure 1. The mortar joint thickness of shovel stone, axe blade stone and bridge Stonefur stone masonry should be 20~30mm, and there should be no contact between stones. Large gaps between stones should be filled with mortar first, then embedded with gravel (pebbles or boulders are not allowed), and the method of putting gravel first and then filling mortar or dry filling gravel should not be adopted. Third, the quality of stone masonry stone masonry quality is divided into two grades: qualified and unqualified. The quality of masonry shall meet the following requirements: 1. All major control items shall meet the requirements; 2. General projects should have 80% or more sampling points that meet the requirements, or the deviation value is within the allowable deviation range. Main control project of masonry engineering: 1. The strength grade of stone and mortar must meet the design requirements. Sampling quantity: at least one group of stones from the same origin should be sampled. Sampling quantity of mortar test blocks: each mixer shall sample and inspect each inspection lot of masonry mortar of various types and strength grades not exceeding 250m3 at least once. Inspection method: product quality certificate of stone inspection, test report of stone and mortar inspection test block. 2. Mortar plumpness should not be less than 80%. Sampling quantity: the sampling quantity in each step shall not be less than 1. Inspection method: observation and inspection. 3. The allowable deviation of the axis position and verticality of masonry shall comply with the provisions of Table 13-42. Table 13-42 Allowable deviation of masonry axis position and verticality

Inspection method of allowable deviation (mm): rubble masonry foundation wall, coarse stone, coarse stone and fine stone foundation wall, column 1 axis position 201520151515.

Table 1 sampling quantity: outside the wall: 1 sampling once every 6m, with 3 places per linear meter, but not less than 3 places per wall; Inside the wall: randomly select 10% representative natural walls, but not less than 3 places. General project regulations of stone masonry engineering: 1. The allowable deviation of the general dimensions of masonry shall comply with the provisions of Table 13-43. Table 13-43 Allowable deviation of general dimensions of masonry

Inspection method of allowable deviation (mm): flaky masonry, block masonry, foundation wall, foundation wall, column 1 elevation of top surface of foundation and wall masonry+25151515. Full-scale drywall and column -20-20- 105 fine stones shall be inspected with 2m guiding rule and wedge feeler gauge, and the other two straightedge shall be pulled with 2m line perpendicular to mortar joint to check the levelness of horizontal mortar joint of concrete wall and column -20-20- 105.

Table 2 Sampling quantity: sample 1 place every 20m (within 4m height), with every three places extending by m, but not less than three places; Interior walls shall be randomly selected from representative natural walls 10%, but there shall be no less than 3 places. 2. The masonry form shall meet the following requirements: (1) Internal and external masonry, staggered joints, pulling stones and staggered masonry; (2) Every 0.7m2 wall should not be less than 1 block. Sampling quantity: sample every 20m 1 on the outer side of the wall (within 4m height), and extend every 3m, but not less than 3m; On the inside of the wall, randomly select 10% representative natural walls, but not less than 3 places. Inspection method: observation and inspection. Four, masonry jointing and maintenance 1, masonry jointing, except as stipulated by the designer, generally can use concave seam, convex seam or flat seam. When mortar is used to build regular blocks, concave joints can be used. 2 The strength of jointing mortar should not be lower than that of masonry mortar. Generally, the main project is not lower than M 10, and the auxiliary project is not lower than M7.5. High strength cement mortar should be used for ice flow and serious erosion. 3, stone masonry tick off seam should be embedded in build by laying bricks or stones seam about 20mm deep. When the depth of the groove is not enough, it should be cut to a sufficient depth before the joint. Dry build by laying bricks or stones flaky jointing, should be embedded in the masonry joint more than 20 mm 4, dry build by laying bricks or stones flaky slope protection, jointing should be made into a conical slope, after the slope earthwork stability, unless otherwise specified in the design, generally can do flat joint. 5. Mortar masonry should be covered with water for 7 ~ 1d after initial setting of mortar. Collision, vibration or bearing should be avoided during curing. Commonly used terms in masonry engineering: facing wall: refers to a method to keep the texture of the wall itself by sticking to the facing wall without covering other decorative surfaces; Through joint: refers to 1/5— 1/4 of the overlapping length of the upper and lower blocks (the overlapping length of flaky is not less than 150mm), which is called through joint; Important inspection items: 1. Material inspection: Does the sheet specification meet the requirements?