1, the rules for eating folic acid tablets
The governments of China and the United States spent nearly180,000 dollars and17,000 medical workers to conduct a sample study of 260,000 people. Conclusion: The most effective way to prevent neural tube defects is to take Silian tablet, which is a nationally designated drug to prevent birth defects.
Tetralogy is closely related to human health, especially for pregnant women and fetuses. For pregnant women, the differentiation of embryos, the formation and development of placenta, the increase of blood volume in the body, and the development of uterus and breast all need Slane, so the demand for folic acid by pregnant women is more than twice that of non-pregnant women. Experts believe that if pregnant women need vitamin supplements, Silian tablets are the first vitamin to be supplemented. For the fetus, from the division and reproduction of a fertilized egg, through the continuous deepening of cells, organs and tissues are formed, and finally a complete fetus is developed; This stage is the fastest stage of human growth and reproduction, and folic acid plays a very important role in the whole process. Whenever folic acid is deficient, it will affect the growth and development of the fetus, leading to deformity and developmental delay.
How to take Silian (Folic Acid Tablets): Generally, take it with warm boiled water half an hour after meals (after lunch or dinner), once a day, with 0.4mg each time.
Warm reminder: taking folic acid tablets in large doses for a long time will have adverse effects on pregnant women and fetuses. Pregnant women should follow the guidance of doctors and health care workers, and should not abuse drugs or buy drugs indiscriminately.
2. Nutrition that needs to be supplemented during pregnancy
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Main nutrition: folic acid
Function: prevent fetal nerve organ defects.
Folic acid supplementation can prevent anemia, premature delivery and fetal malformation, which is especially important in early pregnancy, because early pregnancy is the key to the development of fetal nervous organs. Pregnant mothers should always eat foods rich in folic acid, such as bread, noodles, white rice and flour, as well as beef liver, spinach, asparagus, beans, apples and oranges. In addition to food supplements, folic acid tablets can also be taken orally to ensure the daily folic acid demand.
The second month of pregnancy
Main nutrients: vitamin C, vitamin B6.
Function: Relieve gum bleeding and inhibit vomiting during pregnancy.
In the second month of pregnancy, some expectant mothers will find that their gums will bleed when brushing their teeth. Appropriate vitamin C supplementation can alleviate the phenomenon of gingival bleeding. At the same time, it can help improve the body's resistance and prevent dental diseases. Vitamin C in life comes from fresh fruits and vegetables, such as green pepper, cauliflower, Chinese cabbage, tomato, cucumber, spinach, lemon, strawberry and apple.
Tip: the cooking time of the above foods should not be too long to avoid a large loss of vitamin C.
For those expectant mothers who are troubled by pregnancy and vomiting, vitamin B6 is the bane of pregnancy and vomiting. The content of vitamin VB6 in maltose is the highest. Eating 1-2 spoonfuls of maltose every day can not only inhibit vomiting during pregnancy, but also make pregnant women energetic. Foods rich in vitamin B6 include bananas, potatoes, soybeans, carrots, walnuts, peanuts, spinach and other plant foods. There are more lean meat, chicken, eggs and fish in animal foods.
The third month of pregnancy
Main nutrients: magnesium and vitamin A.
Function: Promote baby's growth and development.
Magnesium is not only vital to the health of fetal muscles, but also contributes to the normal development of bones. Recent research shows that the intake of magnesium in the first three months of pregnancy is related to the height, weight and head circumference of newborns. Magnesium is easily found in salad oil, green leafy vegetables, nuts, soybeans, pumpkins, melons, sunflower seeds and whole wheat foods. In addition, magnesium is also beneficial to the recovery of mother's uterine muscles.
The whole process of fetal development needs vitamin A, especially vitamin A can ensure the health of fetal skin, gastrointestinal tract and lungs. In the first three months of pregnancy, the fetus can't store vitamin A by itself, and the pregnant mother must supply enough. Sweet potato, pumpkin, spinach and mango all contain a lot of VA.
Fourth month of pregnancy
Main nutrients: zinc
Function: prevent fetal dysplasia.
Expectant mothers need to increase their zinc intake this month. If the expectant mother is short of zinc, it will affect the growth of the fetus in the uterus and delay the development of important organs such as the brain and heart of the fetus. Zinc deficiency will cause abnormal taste and smell of pregnant mommy, loss of appetite, poor digestion and absorption ability and decreased immunity, which will inevitably lead to intrauterine growth retardation. Zinc-rich foods include oysters, oysters, liver, mushrooms, sesame seeds, scallops and so on. , especially oysters.
Tip: zinc supplementation should also be appropriate, and the amount of zinc supplementation in daily diet should not exceed 45 mg.
The fifth month of pregnancy
Main nutrients: vitamin D and calcium.
Function: Promote the development of fetal bones and teeth.
After the fifth month of pregnancy, the baby's bones and teeth grow very fast. This is a period of rapid calcification, and the demand for calcium is soaring. Therefore, starting from this month, milk, pregnant milk powder or yogurt are essential calcium supplements for expectant mothers every day. In addition, you should eat the following foods that are easy to supplement calcium, such as dried cheese, tofu, eggs or duck eggs, shrimp, fish, kelp and so on. In addition, expectant mothers should supplement calcium every day. It should be noted that calcium supplementation should run through the whole pregnancy.
Of course, simply supplementing calcium is not enough. Vitamin D can promote the effective absorption of calcium. Pregnant mothers should eat more fish and eggs. In addition, sunbathing can also make VD. Pregnant mothers can bask in the sun properly, but first of all, they must do a good job of sun protection.
The sixth month of pregnancy
Main nutrition: iron
Function: Prevent iron deficiency anemia.
At this time, the nutritional needs of expectant mothers and babies are soaring. Many expectant mothers began to have anemia symptoms. Iron is one of the important elements that make up red blood cells, so pay special attention to iron intake this month.
In order to avoid iron deficiency anemia, expectant mothers should pay attention to the distribution of meals and consciously eat some iron-rich vegetables, animal livers, lean meat, eggs and so on. You can also take 0.3-0.6 grams of ferrous sulfate orally every day from this month.
The seventh month of pregnancy
Main nutrients: "brain gold"
Function: Ensure the normal development of baby's brain and retina.
DHA, EPA, cephalin, lecithin and other substances together are called "brain gold". "Brain gold" has a double meaning for expectant mothers who are pregnant for three months. First of all, "brain gold" can prevent premature delivery, prevent fetal growth retardation and increase the weight of babies at birth. Secondly, at this time, the baby's nervous system is gradually improved, and the development speed of whole body tissues, especially brain cells, is significantly faster than that of early pregnancy. Eating enough "brain gold" can ensure the normal development of the baby's brain and retina.
In order to supplement enough "brain gold", pregnant mommy can alternately eat DHA-rich substances besides marine fish and fish oil, such as nuts such as walnuts, pine nuts, sunflower seeds, almonds, hazelnuts and peanuts rich in natural linoleic acid and linolenic acid. These foods are rich in essential fatty acids needed for the development of fetal brain cells, and have the function of strengthening the brain and improving intelligence.
The eighth month of pregnancy
Main nutrients: carbohydrates
Function: Maintain the body's heat demand.
In the eighth month of pregnancy, the fetus began to store glycogen and fat in the liver and subcutaneous tissue. At this time, if the carbohydrate intake is insufficient, it will cause protein deficiency or ketoacidosis, so it is necessary to ensure the supply of calories in August and increase the intake of staple foods, such as rice and flour. Generally speaking, expectant mothers need to eat an average of about 400g of cereal every day, which is of great significance for ensuring heat supply and saving protein. Besides rice and flour, some coarse grains, such as millet, corn and oatmeal, should be added to the staple food.
Ninth month of pregnancy
Main nutrients: dietary fiber.
Function: prevent constipation and promote intestinal peristalsis.
In the third trimester of pregnancy, the increasing number of fetal babies has brought a burden to expectant mothers, who are prone to constipation. Because of constipation, internal hemorrhoids and external hemorrhoids may happen again. In order to relieve the pain caused by constipation, pregnant mommy should eat enough dietary fiber to promote intestinal peristalsis. Fresh vegetables and fruits such as whole wheat bread, celery, carrots, sweet potatoes, potatoes, bean sprouts and cauliflower are rich in dietary fiber. Pregnant mommy should also exercise outdoors properly and develop the habit of defecating regularly every day.
Pregnancy 10 month
Main nutrients: thiamine (vitamin B 1)
Function: Avoid prolonged labor and dystocia.
Be sure to supplement various vitamins, enough iron and calcium and enough water-soluble vitamins, especially thiamine, in the last month. If thiamine is insufficient, it will easily lead to vomiting, burnout and fatigue of expectant mothers, and it will also affect uterine contraction during delivery, prolong the labor process and make delivery difficult. The content of thiamine in marine fish is relatively high.