20 16 what are the plates for home interior decoration?
Decorative boards commonly used in home decoration (1) Wood core board
1, properties of wood core board
Wood core board, also known as joinery board (large core board), is a board made of natural rotary veneer and solid wood mosaic by gluing and hot pressing. Structurally, it is composed of single boards attached to both sides of the board core, which is a solid board made of wood strips. The vertical bending compressive strength is poor, but the lateral bending compressive strength is high.
Blockboard has the characteristics of uniform specifications, strong machinability, difficult deformation and adhesion with other materials. It is a common wood product for interior decoration.
2. Application of wood core board
Wood core board can be divided into two categories from the processing technology. One is manual board making, in which wood strips are manually inserted into the interlayer. This kind of plate has poor nail holding force and large gap. Not suitable for sawing, it can only be used as a whole, for example, as a cushion for solid wood floors. The other kind is machine-made board, which is superior to manual board in quality, dense in texture and strong in nail holding ability of sandwich tree species, such as making various furniture. However, some small manufacturers produce machine-made boards with many holes, weak A-junction and poor quality.
At present, wood core board is widely used in interior decoration, which can be used to make all kinds of furniture, door and window covers, heating covers, curtain boxes, jumping walls, full-story skeletons and so on. Its specification is 1220mm X 2440mm, and its thickness is 15mm. ..
Decorative boards commonly used in home decoration (2) plywood
1, properties of plywood
Plywood is a plate-like material with three or more layers, which is made by cutting wood slices into veneers or planing them into thin wood, and then gluing them with a glue drill.
In order to improve the anisotropy of natural wood as much as possible and make the shape of plywood uniform and stable, the thickness, tree species, moisture content, grain direction and manufacturing method of symmetrical veneer should be the same when making plywood. The number of layers must be odd, such as three layers, five layers, seven layers and nine layers of plywood. , in order to balance all kinds of internal stress. Its specification is 220mmX 2440om, and its thickness is 3m, 5mm, 7mm, 9mm, etc.
2. Types and applications of plywood
According to China's national standards, ordinary plywood can be divided into cork plywood and hardwood plywood according to tree species. Plywood has the advantages of small deformation, convenient construction, no warping and good tensile properties of transverse stripes. In interior decoration, plywood is mainly used for the backboard and soleplate of wood products. Plywood is widely used because of its various thickness scales, flexible texture and easy bending, and it can also be used in exquisite structures with wood cores to make up for the defects of uniform thickness of wood cores.
Decorative boards commonly used in home decoration (3) facing plates
1, properties of plywood
As a kind of plywood, the central column veneer is a new high-grade decorative material. Made of precious wood such as purple planting wood, camphor, nanmu, smoked wood, Fraxinus mandshurica, bar wood, walnut and shadow wood. And made into tiny wood chips with a thickness of 0.0. 2~ 0.5 mm, and then using plywood as the base material, using advanced adhesive and drilling technology.
2. Types and applications of plywood
There are many kinds of trees suitable for making thin wood, which generally require uniform structure and straight and fine texture, and can form beautiful wood grain in radial or tangential section. Select some trees with many nodules at the root of the tree and carry out special patterns to facilitate cutting, gluing and coating.
Commonly used domestic tree species are Fraxinus mandshurica, Betula platyphylla, Forging Wood, Cinnamomum camphora, Jujube, Di Ku, Zimu, Alnus cremastogyne, Lunan, Longnan and Beech. Imported tree species include smoked wood, rosewood, mahogany, maple, bar wood, oak and so on.
Wood veneer has the characteristics of beautiful pattern, good decoration, strong sense of reality and outstanding three-dimensional sense, and is a kind of decorative wood veneer commonly used in indoor decoration engineering at present. Widely used, such as hanging objects, walls, furniture, cabinets, decorative modeling and so on.
Veneer veneers sold in the market are generally divided into natural boards and craft boards. The veneer material of natural board is high-quality natural wood bark, and the price is higher: science and technology innovation board is a mechanical printed matter. The price is lower.
Decorative boards commonly used in home decoration (IV) Fiberboard
Fiberboard is a kind of board made of wood or plant fiber as the main raw material, adding additives and adhesives, and pressing under the condition of heating and pressure. Its structure is unified. The board is smooth and delicate. It is easy to carry out various finishing treatments. Good dimensional stability and uniform core layer. The thickness, size and specifications vary greatly. Can meet a variety of needs.
According to the difference of apparent density, fiberboard is divided into low density, medium density and high density board. The general profile specification is 1220mm x 2440mm, and the thickness is 3-25mm.
Decorative board commonly used in home decoration (5) particleboard
1, properties of particleboard
Particleboard is a kind of artificial board made of wood or wood processing residues as raw materials, processed into broken materials, coated with adhesives and additives, paved with mechanical or airflow paving equipment, and then made of high temperature and high pressure. Particleboard has uniform density, smooth surface and stable size. No knots or holes. Good nail grip, easy to cover and process. Low cost and the like.
2. Types of particleboard
According to the manufacturing method, it is divided into two types; The first type is flat pressed particleboard, and the pressure applied is perpendicular to the board surface. The position of shavings is parallel to the board surface. According to its structural form, it can be divided into three types: single layer, three layers and gradual change. The second type is extruded particleboard, and the applied pressure is parallel to the board surface. According to its structural form, it can be divided into solid plate and tubular hollow plate.
Decorative boards commonly used in home decoration (6) Fire-proof boards
1, the nature of the fire board
Fireproof board, also known as fire-resistant board, consists of face paper, colored paper and multi-layer kraft paper. The whole material is particleboard. Tissue paper and colored paper were soaked in melamine resin, dried for thousands of times and then spliced together. Made in a hot press at high temperature and high pressure, the fireproof board has physical properties such as wear resistance and scratch resistance. Multi-layer kraft paper makes the fireproof board have good impact resistance and flexibility.
2. Types and applications of fire boards
Fireproof boards are rich in patterns and colors, including plain colors, colored patterns, imitation wood grains, imitation stone patterns, imitation leather patterns and so on. Most of the surface is smooth, but some are pitted, carved or matte.
Fire-proof board is moisture-proof, wear-resistant, heat-resistant, flame-retardant, easy to sell, acid-resistant, alkali-resistant, oil-resistant, sprinkling and other common solvents. It is widely used in the veneer decoration of kitchen cabinets and doors in family decoration, and it is resistant to high temperature and open flame.
For inferior fireproof boards, there are generally the following characteristics: uneven color, easy cracking and bursting, simple color, and poor heat resistance, acid and alkali resistance and foot resistance.
Decorative board commonly used in home decoration (7) aluminum-plastic board
1, properties of aluminum-plastic sheet
Aluminum-plastic board (also known as aluminum-plastic board) is a light wall decoration material composed of multiple layers of materials. The upper and lower layers are high-purity aluminum alloy boards, and the middle is low-density polyethylene core board, which is compounded with adhesive.
Its decomposition structure consists of protective film layer, fluorocarbon resin (PVDF) varnish layer, fluorocarbon resin (PVDF) topcoat layer, atmospheric carbon resin (PVDF) primer layer, antirust high-strength alloy aluminum plate layer, flame retardant nontoxic plastic core material layer, antirust high-strength metallurgical aluminum plate layer, anticorrosive protective film treatment layer and anticorrosive primer layer from top to bottom.
Aluminum-plastic plate is easy to process and shape, and has the characteristics of weather resistance, corrosion resistance, impact resistance, fire prevention, moisture resistance, heat insulation, sound insulation and earthquake resistance. It can shorten the construction period and reduce the cost. It can be cut, cut, slotted, band sawed, drilled, cold-bent, cold-rolled, riveted, bolted or glued. Its exterior is sprayed with special technology and rich in color. Long-term use will not fade and deform. Especially the waterproof performance is better.
2. Types and applications of aluminum-plastic panels
At present, there are many kinds of aluminum-plastic plates in the material market. All kinds of colors and fancy are dazzling. It is a common decorative material.
Aluminum-plastic panels are widely used in various architectural decorations, such as ceilings, columns, counters, furniture and so on. Because they have many advantages in material privacy. It is also widely used in interior decoration, such as living room, bedroom, kitchen and bathroom.
Decorative panels commonly used in home decoration (8) ceiling gusset plate
The gusset plate is often used for the top decoration of kitchens and bathrooms, with bright and clean appearance and bright colors. Ceiling gusset plates are generally divided into plastic gusset plates and metal gusset plates.
1, plastic gusset plate
Plastic gusset plate, also known as PVC gusset plate, is made of polyethylene resin as the main raw material, adding proper amount of antioxidant and modifier, and through mixing, calendering, vacuum suction and other processes. It has the characteristics of light weight, heat insulation, heat preservation, moisture resistance, weather resistance and simple construction.
PVC gusset plates have many specifications, colors and patterns, and are highly decorative. It is mostly used for the top decoration of indoor kitchens and bathrooms, and its appearance is mostly long. The width varies from 200 to 450 mm, the length is generally 3000m and 6000m, and the thickness is1.2 ~ 4 mm.
Pay attention to the following points when purchasing PVC gusset plates:
(1) appearance. The appearance should be beautiful and flat. The color pattern should be coordinated with the decorative part.
(2) Tongue groove. The cross section of PVC gusset plate is honeycomb mesh structure with processed tongue-and-groove samples on both sides. When selecting, pay attention to the integrity and straightness of tongue groove, smooth mutual occlusion, and no ups and downs and height differences in some areas.
(3) toughness. Bending by hand is not deformed and elastic. The sound of knocking on the surface by hand is crisp, indicating strong toughness. Will not sink and deform under a certain pressure.
(4) swimming resistance. Take a small piece of wood and light it with fire to see its flammability. If it is not burned properly, it shows that it has good energy resistance.
(5) Environmental protection. If there is a strong pungent smell, it means that the environmental protection performance is poor and harmful to the body. Products with small pungent smell should be selected.
(6) Ask the dealer for the quality inspection report, product inspection certificate and other supporting materials.
2. Metal gusset plate
Metal gusset plate, also known as aluminum gusset plate, has a bright and colorful surface through the processes of blister, spraying and polishing, and the well gradually replaces the plastic gusset plate. The aluminum gusset plate is durable and not easy to deform and crack. It is superior to plastic gusset plate in texture and decoration. Aluminum gusset plate is a new type of ceiling material, which has the properties of fire prevention, moistureproof, anti-corrosion, anti-static, sound absorption, sound insulation, beauty and durability.
Aluminum gusset plates are divided into sound-absorbing plates and decorative plates. The sound-absorbing board has round holes, square holes, rectangular holes, rectangular holes, triangular holes, combined holes and so on. The bottom plate is mostly white or aluminum, and there are many colors to choose from, such as rectangle and square.
The decorative board pays attention to decoration and the lines are simple. According to the different treatment processes, there are three kinds of aluminum gusset plates on the market at present: spraying, roller coating and film covering. The cheapest is spray painting, the middle-grade is roller coating, and the most expensive is film covering. The film is more beautiful, with various styles and patterns: most of the paint is matte and not bright enough, but it is economical.
Aluminum gusset plate is also used for the top decoration of kitchen and bathroom in interior decoration. The aluminum gusset plate is mainly strip-shaped and square, with a thickness of 0.6mm or 0.8 mm, and the specifications of square profiles are mostly 300mm× 300mm, 350mm× 350mm, 400mm× 400mm, 500mm× 500mm and 600mm× 600m m..
The quality of aluminum gusset plate lies not in its thickness, but in the texture of aluminum. Some miscellaneous brands use aluminum in cans. Because aluminum is not good, the plate can't be thinned evenly, so it can only be made very thick. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent businesses from cheating. The best quality is not necessarily thick.
Regular brands, aluminum gusset plates used in general engineering are 0.8mm thick or even thicker. Because some gusset plates used in engineering are long, in order to prevent deformation, thicker and harder ones should be used. On the contrary, there are few aluminum gusset plates in home decoration, the length of which is more than 4m, and there are no heavy objects on the ceiling of home decoration. Therefore, the aluminum gusset plate for home decoration is 0.6, and the thick one will do.
The price of aluminum gusset plate varies greatly, ranging from 30-200 yuan per square meter. When purchasing, you should pay attention to:
(1) Take a sample and tap it a few times. Listen carefully. A crisp sound means that the substrate is good, and a dull sound means that there are many impurities.
(2) Take a sample and fold it repeatedly to see if its paint surface falls off or peels off. A good aluminum gusset plate only has cracks on the paint surface, and no large pieces of paint will fall off.
(3) The keel material of aluminum gusset plate is generally galvanized steel plate. Look at the flatness and smoothness of machining: the smaller the keel, the smaller the error range and the higher the accuracy. The better the quality.
(4) To prevent merchants from stealing columns, the surface of twisted film board and roll-coated board looks no different, but the price is quite different. You can blacken the board with a lighter. N-film board is easy to erase black rot, while roller-coated board will leave traces no matter how it is wiped.
Decorative board (9) gypsum board commonly used in home decoration
1, properties of slate
Gypsum board is made of gypsum as the main raw material, added with fiber, adhesive and stabilizer, and then mixed, pressed and dried. It has the characteristics of fire prevention, sound insulation, heat insulation, light weight, high strength, small shrinkage, good stability, no aging, moth prevention and simple construction.
2. Types of gypsum board
Gypsum board is basically divided into the following categories: decorative gypsum board, paper gypsum board, embedded decorative gypsum board, fire-resistant paper gypsum board, water-resistant paper gypsum board, perforated gypsum board for sound absorption, etc.
(1) Decorate azurite board. It is made of building gypsum as the main raw material, with proper arc-increasing fiber and peptizer. It is made by stirring, molding, drying and other processes, and has the properties of light weight, high strength, moisture resistance and fire prevention.
(2) paper slate. It is made of building stone board as the main raw material, mixed with proper amount of fiber and additives to make the board core, and firmly bonded with special protective paper. It has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, fire prevention, sound insulation, earthquake resistance and easy processing. The shape of slate is characterized by edges and corners. The edges and corners of the azurite board wrapped with protective paper have right-angled edges, 450 chamfered edges, semi-circular edges, round edges and trapezoidal edges.
(3) The embedded decorative gypsum board is made of architectural azurite as the main raw material, with a proper amount of fiber-reinforced materials and additives, stirred with water to form a uniform slurry, cast and molded, and dried. The back of the plate is thickened and embedded into the tenon groove, and the front of the plate is flat with holes or floating beach patterns.
(4) Fireproof paper slate. It is made of building azurite as the main raw material, mixed with a proper amount of refractory materials and the largest glass fiber to make a refractory core material, which is firmly adhered to the refractory cover paper.
(5) Water-resistant paper azurite board. It is made of building azurite as raw material, mixed with the most water-resistant admixture to make a water-resistant core material, and firmly attached to water-resistant protective paper.
(6) Perforated stone sound-absorbing board for sound absorption. It is composed of decorative gypsum board and paper gypsum board with cylindrical holes on the front and back of gypsum board, and the back of gypsum board is pasted with breathable backing material and sound absorption material which can absorb incident sound energy. There are two kinds of architectural edge shapes of porous gypsum board for sound absorption: right angle shape and chamfer shape.
3, the application of azurite board
Different types of gypsum boards should be used in different parts. For example, ordinary gypsum board is suitable for parts without special requirements, such as indoor ceilings. The core and protective paper of waterproof stone plate have been waterproof. Suitable for wet places with high humidity such as toilets and bathrooms.
Decorative boards (10) are commonly used for home decoration to decorate wooden floors.
In interior decoration, laying the floor on the ground has become the highlight of interior decoration. Compared with floor tiles, floor tiles have good affinity and give people a soft and comfortable feeling.
At present, the commonly used wooden floors are roughly divided into solid wood floors and composite floors.
1, solid wood floor
Solid wood flooring is made of natural wood and processed into lath or block floor paving materials, which basically maintains the natural patterns of raw materials. Comfortable feet and safe use are its main features.
Wood used in solid wood flooring should be relatively wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and moisture-proof, such as Chinese fir, poplar, willow and forged wood. Hemlock, cypress, birch, mechanical wood, olive wood, amusement wood, etc. Used as ordinary floors are: Sophora japonica, walnut, search wood, Fraxinus mandshurica and so on. Are used to make high-grade floors. Wood floor has the advantages of light weight, good elasticity, low thermal conductivity, simple structure and convenient construction. Moreover, the volatile substances contained in wood can resist bacteria and soothe the nerves, so it is an ideal indoor floor decoration material.
The early construction and maintenance of solid wood flooring is complicated, and it needs to be painted and waxed after completion. Now the products sold in the market are basically painted boards or even painted boards, which are practical and simple.
Generally, the width of solid wood floor is about 90- 120imn, the length is about 450-900 m, and the thickness is 12~25mm. The price of high-quality solid wood flooring is higher. The water content shall be controlled between 10- 15%.
Pay attention to the following points when purchasing solid wood flooring:
(1) Select board, paint and quality. The key to purchase is smooth paint film, no bubbles, no paint leakage and wear resistance.
(2) Check whether the curtain material is defective. See if there are dead joints, loose joints, cracks, rot, bacterial degeneration and other defects on the floor. Because the wooden floor is a natural wood product, there are objectively color differences and uneven patterns. It is unreasonable to excessively pursue anti-chromatic aberration, as long as it is slightly adjusted during paving.
(3) Identify the material of the wood floor. In order to promote sales, some manufacturers label wood with various names that are not in line with wood science, such as cherry wood, rosewood, gold does not change, yuxiang and so on. What's more, use low-grade wood as high-grade wood. Consumers must not be confused by the name, but should find out the material to avoid being fooled.
(4) Observe the accuracy of the wooden floor. General 10 wooden floor can be assembled by hand after unpacking. Observe tongue-and-groove bite, assembly gap and height difference between adjacent plates. If the seam is tight, there is no obvious difference in feel.
(5) Determine the appropriate length and width. The longer and wider the solid wood floor, the better. It is recommended to choose the floor with medium and short length, which is not easy to deform. Wood floors with excessive length and width are relatively easy to deform.
(6) Measure the moisture content of the floor. The national standard stipulates that the moisture content of wood flooring is 8%- 13%, and different regions in China have different requirements for moisture content. Generally, dealers of wood floors should have moisture content meters. If not, it means that the technical index of moisture content is not taken seriously. When purchasing, first measure the moisture content of the selected wooden floor in the exhibition hall, and then measure the moisture content of the unpacked wooden floor with the same material and specifications. If the difference is within 2%, it can be considered qualified.
(7) Pay attention to sales service. It is best to buy from enterprises with good brand reputation and high reputation. In addition to quality assurance, regular enterprises have a certain warranty period for their products. Any warping, deformation, cracking and other problems that occur during the warranty period will be repaired and replaced by the manufacturer, so that consumers can avoid worries.
(8) Determine the laying unit. Please choose which floor to buy, so as to avoid the production enterprises and the whole decoration industry shirking their responsibilities.
2. Composite floor
The composite wood floor entered the China market only after 1990s, and it is composed of multiple layers of different materials. The main composite layers are: reinforced wear-resistant layer, color printing layer, high-density board layer, shock-proof buffer layer and moisture-proof resin layer from top to bottom.
Wherein the reinforced abrasive layer is used for preventing the abrasion of the floor substrate; The color printing layer is a decorative sticker with rich texture and strong design sense; High-density laminate is made of wood fiber and viscose through high temperature and high pressure pressing; There are shockproof, cushioning and resin layers under the high-density board, which are used to prevent moisture, wear and protect the substrate.
Composite wood flooring has become the first choice for young people because of its complex working procedures, diverse components, wear resistance, moisture resistance, scalding resistance, easy paving (no keel), easy maintenance and low price.
The specification length of the composite wood floor is 900-1500mm, the width is 180 ~350mm, and the thickness is 6mm, 8m, 12mm, 15mm and 18mm respectively, in which the greater the thickness, the higher the price. Low sound and good elasticity.
Pay attention to the following points when purchasing composite floors:
(1) Observe whether the surface quality is smooth. Generally, there are three kinds of surfaces of composite wood floors: grooves, pits and smooth surfaces. There is no difference, but they all require smooth surfaces without burrs.
(2) Floor thickness. At present, the floor thickness on the market is generally 6~ 18mm, so it is better to choose a thicker floor. The thicker the thickness, the longer the service life, but at the same time, the actual needs of the family should be considered.
(3) Observe the tenon-groove assembly effect. You can assemble two floor samples to see if the tongue and groove are neat and tight after assembly.
(4) Weigh the floor. The weight of the floor mainly depends on the density of its substrate. The substrate determines the stability and impact resistance of the floor, so the better the substrate, the higher the density and the heavier the floor.
(5) Detection of wear-resistant revolutions. This is an important index to measure the quality of the most composite floor. Generally speaking, the higher the wear-resistant revolution, the longer the service life of the floor. The wear-resistant revolution of the composite floor reaches 1 1,000, and the products with less than 1 1,000 may be worn to varying degrees after 1 ~ 3 years of use.
(6) Measure the expansion rate after water absorption. This indicator can be considered qualified if it is less than 3%. Otherwise, the floor will be deformed when it is wet, or when the humidity is relatively high and the surrounding seal is not tight. Affect normal use.
(7) Formaldehyde content. According to European standards, the formaldehyde content per 100g floor should not exceed 9mg. If it exceeds 9mg, it is an unqualified product.
(8) Check the official certificate and inspection report. When choosing a floor, be sure to find out whether the merchant has relevant certificates and quality inspection reports. Such as IS0900 1 international quality certificate, IS0 1400 1 international environmental protection certificate, and other related quality certificates.
(9) Pay attention to after-sales service. Laminated flooring generally requires professional installers to install it with special tools, so be sure to ask whether the merchants have a professional installation team and can provide formal warranty certificates and warranty cards.