(Shaanxi Hongquan)

The emergence of soldiers' combat skills.

The earliest origin of Hongquan can be traced back to the Zhou and Qin Dynasties. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, "martial arts" and "wrestling" prevailed. During the Qin Dynasty, "Three Assistants" prevailed (now in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province), especially in Chang 'an area, and their skills were improved by practicing routine entertainment (see China Wushu History). According to Zhang Yichuan, a historian, "Qin people played the piano, danced the zither and hit their shoulders (finished)", it is said that at the celebration banquet after the victory of Ying Zheng, the king of Qin, warriors "hit their shoulders" (singing and dancing) to celebrate. "Boxing with the arm" embodies the boldness and boldness of the Qin people, and not only develops the "power of fighting with the arm" but also the "method of supporting and splitting", which is the essence of Red Boxing. After thousands of years of ups and downs, Hongquan is famous in Wulin for its rich content, varied routines, comprehensive techniques, coexistence of morality and art, support and chopping as the mother, hook and stick as the work, flashing incarnation as the best, sticking to the body, sharp legs and skillful hitting. Red Boxing is widely spread, including Yuhong, Longhong, Chuanhong, Dianhong, Jinhong and Lu Hong, especially in Guanzhong area. The capital was Xianyang, Shaanxi, which made Guanzhong Red Boxing popular in Shaanxi during the Qin and Han Dynasties. It was renamed Taizu Red Boxing in Song Dynasty. Shaolin Boxing said: "At the end of the Song Dynasty, Jue Yuan people went to Baoji and Lanzhou in Shaanxi Province to practice big and small bare fists with Li Chauo and Bai Yufeng. Later, Bai Yufeng entered Shaolin Temple with Jue Yuan, and taught bare fist, cudgel and capture. Shaolin Red Boxing was introduced from Guanzhong, and there were records of Shaolin monks and soldiers and monks in Li Shimin in the Tang Dynasty. Wu Zetian of the Tang Dynasty established the martial arts system [1] in 702 AD, and elected military officers through examinations and awarded certain titles, which greatly promoted the development of martial arts. Song, Ming and Qing dynasties followed it and abolished it in the late Qing Dynasty. At this time, Wushu has become a cultural form, and the genre has been handed down, which has influenced Southeast Asian countries since then. In the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai visited Xu Xuanping, a Taoist priest in the south of the Yangtze River. In the early years of the Republic of China, Xu Yusheng claimed that the seventh part of Tai Chi Thirty-seven Potential was handed down by Xu Xuanping (no real evidence was provided).

(Hangzhou Changquan)

(North) The law prohibiting people from associating and possessing weapons was enacted at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China in the Song Dynasty. 1 127 (the first year of jianyan in the southern song dynasty) moved south in the song dynasty. At the proposal of patriotic generals headed by Yue Fei and Han Shizhong, most of the soldiers and civilians rose up to practice martial arts. Take Hangzhou as the center. Nanquan, popular in Hangzhou, is dominated by upper limbs, supplemented by elbows and knees, and rarely flies off the ground, which is called "fist lying on the ground" [2]. It is said that the ancestor of Liuhe Boxing is the classic boxing of King Yue Wumu. He was honored as the founder of the school, but unfortunately there is no historical evidence. 1 156 (the 26th year of Shaoxing), the imperial court set up martial arts in Lin 'an. 1 180 (the seventh year of Xichun) set that "martial arts is absolutely superior to military law", and those who learn martial arts can gain fame. There were 27 martial arts champions in the Southern Song Dynasty. At that time, the martial arts groups in Hangzhou included Jiao Jiao Club, Champion Club, Water Archers Club, Chuancrossbow Archers Club, Yingluo Club and Jockey Club. There are also travel agencies, archers, good people and other non-governmental organizations. On weekdays, they "patrol with bows and hoes and swords." After the north was occupied by Jin, a large number of refugees came to Hangzhou, bringing the northern boxing and merging with the original southern boxing. There used to be "Qilu people" who wandered the rivers and lakes and practiced martial arts to make a living. The formation period of (Song Taizu) or (Yue) Changquan.

the Yuan Dynasty

Han people are inferior. There is no martial arts party. According to the Shanghai Tianduo Daily, which was first published in the late Qing Dynasty (Xuantong three years, 19 1 1), Cantonese Lu Weichang said that the boxing of Shaolin Temple had not been praised by the world at the end of Song Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty. According to legend, the eighteen arhats handed down by the abbots Jue Yuan (Sean) and Dharma (Chen Yuanhu) were transformed into algebraic forms, and the eighteen arhats developed into seventy second-hand (Huaquan) bergamot. He was still not satisfied, so he went out to ask for a teacher. Later, he got Li Chui in Lanzhou, white boxing in the north, and lived in the house of Cai Fucai, a Zen master of Tongfu in Luoyang. All kinds of boxing methods are combined into five boxing methods, which increases the Shaolin technique (South Shaolin) to more than 170 hands (172 five-shaped eight-diagram boxing), including the dragon, tiger, leopard, snake and crane five-shape and eight-diagram boxing, which is the classic five-shape eight-diagram boxing of Cai Lifo today. Also known as Jue Yuan, he attached importance to martial arts and ordered the "Ten Commandments of Shaolin" to bind monks. The above story is a fabricated history (or Tuogu) formed by Cai Lifo in the south in the late Qing Dynasty.

Ming dynasty

(Fujian Nanquan, Sichuan Meihua Boxing)

In the Ming Dynasty, there were names such as Changquan, Hongquan and Bouncing Leg. There are also solo and duet forms.

Ming moved its capital to Beijing, bringing southern (Nanjing) martial arts such as Changquan and Hongquan, and merging them with the original martial arts from Beijing, Tianjin and Cangzhou, such as Eighteen Hands (Lao) and Liuhe, which is now Shaolin Boxing.

In the Ming Dynasty, Qi Jiguang organized the national Wushu (including Changquan, Bunt, Hongquan, Eight-character Boxing, etc.) in Fujian. )-Nowadays (in the early years of the Republic of China, some people classified China Wushu) as Nan Shaolin Boxing (or a conceptual symbol).

Qi Jiguang, a famous Ming Dynasty star, was also hereditary. His martial arts Changquan was learned from his ancestors, so he was called Taizu Changquan.

The coast was looted by the Japanese invaders, and Mr. Yu Dayou and Mr. Qi Jiguang were stationed along the coast. Fujian and Shandong left behind the boxing methods at that time, such as long boxing, short boxing, five boxing and flower boxing. Five-shaped boxing and crane boxing were born in Fujian; Guangdong and Guangxi developed southern boxing (now called Southern Shaolin Boxing) such as Hongquan, Wing Chun and Cai Lifo. Shandong evolved the original Luohan and Liuhe into Luohan and Liuhe mantis boxing.

Zhang Songxi's family boxing in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. Boxing is not called pie at this time. In the early years of the Republic of China, Xu Yusheng, a descendant of Wu-style Tai Ji Chuan, said in his book: Song Shuming claimed that Zhang Songxi passed on his family boxing to his ancestor Song Yuanqiao, and no evidence was presented in the article. Many unique boxing techniques were formed in the Ming Dynasty. Boxing is not called pie at this time. Also published many books about martial arts.

Popular "Boxing" includes Changquan (later born as Tai Ji Chuan), Hongquan, Huaquan (later born as Mind Liuhe Boxing), Wuquan (later born as Five-Shaped Hongquan), Tea Boxing, Eight-Shaped Boxing, Bouncing Legs, Bunting (later born as Mantis Boxing), Neijia Boxing and so on.

Ching Dynasty

In the early Qing dynasty, it was forbidden for Han people to get together to practice martial arts. South Shaolin Temple no longer exists, Songshan Shaolin Temple is under surveillance, and monks are not allowed to practice martial arts.

Guangdong Foshan-South Shaolin Boxing-Hongquan (Li Liucai Magic Buddha), Wing Chun Boxing, Cai Lifo, Yongchun.

At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, five kinds of boxing in South China developed into one of the old Hongquan (Five-Shaped Boxing), which is now Nanshaolin Boxing, popular in Fujian and Guangdong. Its boxing method comes from Fujian, and it is South Boxing organized by Qi Jiguang.

Fujian Haiyan goes west, and Guangdong foreign goods go north. They must all be proficient in martial arts escort.

Chenjiagou Boxing-Tai Ji Chuan

Chen was a retired military commander in the late Ming Dynasty. His boxing methods (including Changquan, Cannonball and Hongquan) added Taoist elements, and he inherited Chen's Changquan in his hometown of Chenjiagou, which is a kind of boxing combining rigidity with softness. Cangzhou Huiquan-Chaquan and Bodyguards

In the early Qing dynasty, the traffic was inconvenient, so the freight safety had to be observed. Because Han people are not allowed to get together to practice martial arts, Hui people are used to it in Cangzhou, Beijing. Cangzhou is the main way for freight to enter Beijing. At that time, the popular boxing methods in Cangzhou, Hebei Province were Liuhe Boxing and Luohan Boxing. Hui foreign boxing (such as eight-character boxing and tea boxing). ) became popular and joined local boxing; Long boxing and red boxing. The development of water transportation and sea salt transportation in Qing Dynasty brought the prosperity of the bodyguard industry, which led to the awarding of weapons by escort agencies. Liuhe boxing-northern Shaolin boxing

The boxing method taught in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties (1602- 1683) is called Liuhe Boxing, which includes ten forms (potential), and later evolved into mind method, mind method and Liuhe Boxing, and is now called' Northern Shaolin Boxing'. In the 13th year of Yongzheng (1735), Wang Zicheng, a Henan scholar, prefaced Questioning Boxing. The preface said: "There are different kinds of boxing, and the other side doesn't know who created it, but this Liuhe Boxing came from Jilong and Jifeng, Shanxi Province, and the second division was from the late Ming Dynasty (due to the mistake of Jilong Peak (Feng)), so the marksmanship was brilliant, and everyone thought it was a god ..." [2]

The name of Neijiaquan appeared in the epitaph of Wang Zhengnan written by Huang Zongxi in the eighth year of Kangxi 1669.

After the Opium War (1840)

First of all, in Guangdong, Lin Zexu and Deng Tingzhen, Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, strictly banned smoking. They need the support of local communities and martial arts groups, vigorously develop folk Yingyong, and prevent British troops from entering the Sanjiang Valley in Guangdong from the sea. At the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the ban on China people gathering to practice martial arts was relaxed. Later, Zeng Guofan developed the Han army and the Xiang army with the Yingyong system. So that the Chinese Wushu can be re-developed.

Chen Changxing (177 1- 1853), a descendant of Chen, introduced Yang Lvchan (1799- 1872) (later called Ji Chuan), and Yang saved some heroic fists (such as cannon hammer and bare fist).

Li Luoneng, Hebei Province (1808- 1890) developed Xingyi Boxing from the idea of Liuhe Boxing.

185 1 year, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was formally established, and 1853 made Tianjing (now Nanjing) its capital. The underworld martial arts groups in Guangzhou and Foshan, big cities in the south, have developed rapidly, providing human resources for the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. The leaders of participating martial arts societies are anonymous in order to avoid involving their fathers and brothers outside their identities. Take (South) Shaolin as the call. Hongquan (the so-called Shaolin boxing) in Foshan, Guangdong Province spread to Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai and Nanjing through Hunan.

1845, after Lin Zexu was dismissed, Sean returned to the countryside and opened the Wu Hongsheng Museum in Xijingmei Village, Yamen Town, Xinhui City, Guangdong Province. So it's called Hongquan. Later, 44 branches were set up in various parts of Guangdong. He has taught Huaquan, Pingquan, five elements boxing and Bagua Boxing.

After 1852, Huang Huabao inherited the skills praised by Foshan, removed Qi's hard work, and emphasized the flexibility of Nan Shaolin Boxing and Wing Chun Boxing. Respect (South) the Fifth Shaolin Division as the founder.

In the Qing Dynasty, Wang Zongyue's On Tai Ji Chuan appeared (1852 brought out by Wu Yuxiang) and began to have the name of Tai Ji Chuan, with only eight diagrams, five elements and thirteen potentials.

Dong Haichuan (1797- 1882), a retired eunuch, set up an account in Beijing after 1856 to teach gossip.

Zhao Qingping Yu Xiang (18 12- 1880), (Wu's Taiji Biography). The name of Tai Chi Chuan appeared.

Some famous martial arts artists, such as Gao Zi and Sean, joined secret societies to overthrow the Qing Dynasty and promote the development of martial arts in China.

After the failure of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (1864)

Hongquan in Foshan, Guangdong, including Huaquan and Bagua Boxing (Hongxiuquan Boxing in Taiping Heavenly Kingdom-(South) Shaolin Boxing) spread to Nanjing, Jiangsu and Zhejiang.

Huang Qiying Hongjia Boxing was introduced to Huang Feihong (1847 ─ 1924). Respect (South) Shaolin Shan Zhi Zen Master as the founder.

Zhang Yanyu 1876 took over Hongshengguan in Foshan and taught Cai Lifo Boxing. Respect (South) Shaolin Shan Zhi Zen Master as the founder. In the Qing Dynasty, when the place was not peaceful, wealthy families and shops hired bodyguards or martial artists to protect hospitals and train domestic servants to practice martial arts.

In the late Qing Dynasty, there was political chaos. Many local people set up their own militia (self-defense forces) and hired martial arts coaches.

After the mid-Qing Dynasty, there was a difference between the inner family (breathing) and the outer family (exercising bones and muscles). There are also differences between Buddhism and Taoism. There is also the difference between south (fist) and north (leg).

The name of Shandong Yihe Boxing (1899) mantis boxing appeared.

Fan Xudong (18? -1935) (Huang said in the biography of mantis boxing that Fan died at the age of 90? ); The true story of Shaolin costume is handed down and compiled into five volumes based on Luohan bunt written by Taoist priest in Xiao Sheng and his own experience. The content involves eighteen methods, introduction to mantis boxing, introduction to mantis boxing, introduction to mantis tactics, and outline of Wang Lang mantis boxing (it should refer to his teacher). The name of mantis boxing officially appeared. The manuscript of Shaolin's true story appeared. It is said that it was written in 1762 (twenty-seven years of Qing Qianlong) and signed "Taoist ascended to Xiao" (no evidence). There are records of Luohan bunt drawings, Luohan Bing's knives and instruments, the complete spectrum of Luohan Wushu, the formula and so on. (part of the content; For example, how to add "Ascending Taoist" and "Shaolin Clothes Bowl" to future generations? [3]

The so-called manuscript "The True Story of Shaolin Clothes" handed down by Taoist Defoe in Fan Xudong appeared, in which Taoist Xiao Sheng first learned from Buddha's blessing in Shaolin Temple and then from a Shaolin monk in Junshan. "Bunch keys" handed down by Master Fuju. The readme was copied in the fifth year of Xianfeng (1856) (as stated in the book, there is no evidence), and it is believed that it was compiled by Fan Xudong or his descendants. Chu Quan's name appeared. God is coming.

Forbidden boxing-related to secret religion

In the north, An Baili in Shandong Province is still a branch of it-Qixing Red Boxing, Yihe Boxing, Yihe Boxing and Bafan Boxing.

Chuan-Meihua Boxing (see Luandiao of Chuan-Chu School)

Guangdong-Buddha Boxing and Bagua Boxing (see Chen Xiangtiao and Taiping Heavenly Kingdom)

Late Qing dynasty and early Republic of China

The name of Wu Tang clan appeared.

Wutangzong or Neijia Boxing refers to the local martial arts in Zhili area of Beijing and Tianjin at that time, which was a mixture of Changquan, Cannon Hammer and Hongquan, and was derived from Tai Ji Chuan, Bagua Palm and Xingyiquan.

(Pseudo) The formation of Wutangmen in history can be traced back to its founding period, and it is said that it was founded by Zhang Sanfeng of Liu Song in the Southern Dynasties.

Zhang Sanfeng in Song Dynasty or Zhang Sanfeng in the early Ming Dynasty.

The tribute portal of Wutangmen appeared.

The name of Shaolin Sect appeared. The revolutionaries used the History of Hong Men as a mirror to spread the anti-Qing sentiment of Chiyan Temple in various social groups.

Xuantong has been here for three years

19 1 1 Shanghai Tianduo newspaper serialized an article on Shaolin patriarchal clan system. It has something to do with collective creations such as Cantonese and Chen Tiesheng, in which the inheritance of South Shaolin is mentioned: the historical background and the places described are not examinable. The boxing method contained in it is Guangdong Hongquan. Mr Tang Hao once did textual research and wrote a secret book of Shaolin Boxing.

North shaolin refers to boxing from Cangzhou, Hebei. Refers to Liuhe, Luohan and Mantis. Practice hard qigong when standing piles, and the muscles of the whole body are tense. Dantian is two to three inches above the navel to exercise the whole abdominal muscles.

South Shaolin, guide boxing; Mainly martial arts, when sitting on a horse, the muscles of the whole body are not as tight as north shaolin. Qigong turns to combining rigidity with softness. Dantian is two to three inches below the navel to exercise the lower abdominal muscles.

Some Nanquan styles have changed from being firm and full (even as Shaolin ancestor is the symbol of rigid and soft boxing) to adding soft elements (represented by Wing Chun Boxing, such as Wu Taitai, Fang Yongchun and Yan Yongchun as the conceptual symbols of soft boxing).

In the early years of the Republic of China, the people were relatively stable and the economy turned around. Bodyguards, nursing homes and Yong ying all turned to martial arts, and many new schools emerged.

[Editor] Wu Tangmen's main item: Wu Tangmen has no record of Wu Tangmen's martial arts inheritance.

Xu Yusheng, a descendant of Wu Taiji in the early years of the Republic of China, said that Song Shuming under Yuan Shikai claimed to have the Tai Ji Chuan genealogy of his distant ancestor Song Yuanqiao. Say Zhang Songxi and then Fu, thirteen styles.

The martial arts in the Qing army in Zhili in the late Qing Dynasty was also the boxing learned by Yuan Shikai's new army and inherited by the direct warlords.

Nanshaolin school

There is no record of Wushu inheritance in Songshan Shaolin Temple.

In the fourth year of the Republic of China, Zhonghua Book Company published The Secret of Shaolin Boxing written by Zunwozhai. The content is similar to that of martial arts novels, and most of the rumors of the so-called "Shaolin School" that people say today come from this. Then there is a legendary novel about Shaolin. For example, Zhao's Legend of South Shaolin and Burning Temple.

The secret of Shaolin Boxing says that Shaolin is the ancestor of the Southern Sect. Zen master Liang Shidamo lives in this temple. Seeing disciples ... listless ... building a fitness technique ... but only 18 hands ... let's start with internal strength. "... eighteen hands: stepping on the ground in the air is second-hand, sweeping the mountains and carrying hands, pushing the mountain tiger with four hands, stretching Hei Hu with four hands, stretching the wings with one hand, hooking the chest with one elbow, pulling the bow with one hand, opening the diaphragm with one hand, exposing the paws with one hand, and swinging the legs with four hands. ..... also known as eighteen arhats. ..... Hundreds of years after the death of the master, a master who came from afar ... shaved Shaolin ... developed into seventy-two tricks. (See Hua Hong Boxing) ... White () increased to 170. Dragon, Tiger, Leopard, Snake and Crane Five Fists (Five-Shaped Fists) ...' Return to Shaolin and Say Autumn Moon' See Hongquan Tiao [Editor] Main Entry of North Shaolin School: In the seventh year of the Republic of China, Loud Publishing House published the so-called essence of Shaolin Boxing, which is the Fu Qi Tu Shuo and Yi Jin Jing collected by Lu. The content has nothing to do with Shaolin boxing.

Shaolin Temple in Songshan Mountain was completely burned down in the civil war of warlords in 1928. 1March 6, 926, the Kuomintang began its northern expedition. 1927 On March 6th, Miao Xinghe, the host of Shaolin Temple, was killed in Wuyang at the age of 37. After 1928, someone (1932; Jin Enzhong said that he got seventy-two stunts from Miaoxing monks in Shaolin Temple. Today (2000; Wu Zhongxian also published 72 Shaolin Wushu and 36 Wudang Wushu. [Editor] The folk Wushu group was founded in 1909. Since the gymnastics club was founded in Shanghai by Nong and Huo Yuanjia (the first folk martial arts group in China at that time), clubs in Foshan, Hankou, Guangzhou, Wuzhou and Nanning have been established one after another, affecting overseas branches in Hong Kong, Macao, Singapore, Vietnam and other overseas Chinese. The purpose of Jason Wu Gymnastics Association is to advocate martial arts, study sports and build a strong China.

Beijing Institute of Physical Education [6], 19 12 You, Guo Zhiyun, Yang, Zhao Xinzhou, Heng Shoushan, Ji Zixiu, Gao Kexing and Tong Ruifu were established in Beijing. The purpose is to develop Wushu, cultivate talents and achieve the goal of strengthening the country and saving the country.

China warrior club

19 1 1 year, at the initiative of North China League, a large-scale folk martial arts association was established, which was organized by Ye, Ma Feng Tu and others. The purpose is to unite the same people in Wulin, improve Chinese Wushu and inspire the national spirit. 19 12 autumn, a grand martial arts performance was held in Tianjin Hebei Park. The national government actively supports the people to learn martial arts and strengthen their physique. Wushu physical education class has also been set up in universities. Mass sports [Editor] In the early years of the Republic of China, many new sects appeared in Nanquan, Guangdong Province, all of which originated from Shaolin Five Old Men, Shaolin Temple and Emei School. This has exposed their "newness". The purpose is just to' break away from orthodoxy'. In essence, most of them are mixed with what several masters have learned. The martial arts novel Evergreen Tree written by five Shaolin elders, including Shan Zhi, who stayed in Guangdong during the Empress Dowager Cixi in the late Qing Dynasty, is also known as Emperor Qianlong's Journey to the South of the Yangtze River. There is no record of local history in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The martial arts novel Evergreen Tree, or the famous Emperor Qianlong's trip to the south of the Yangtze River, was popular in Guangzhou and Foshan, Guangdong Province in the late Qing Dynasty. At that time, the more famous local boxing was Wing Chun Boxing (with five teachers as the founder); Hong Quan, Hua Hong Quan (now called Shaolin Yongchun Quan) and Cai Lifo (founder with Zen master); Huaquan Xiutui (follow Miao Xian as the founder); Dongjiang Boxing (founded by Taoist Bai Mei). The novel is believed to be based on the information handed down by the above sects and the plot of people bullying Han people in Guangzhou computer room. However, when the dynasty changed, many former generals with troops stayed to teach martial arts, and most of them kept a low profile. In ancient times, learning martial arts followed Master's personal reputation, unlike today's people who followed sects.

Central Wushu Museum and others

1929, held a martial arts competition with Li in West Lake Expo.

1933, Xue Dian, a descendant of Xingyiquan, claimed to have learned Hua Tuo's five-animal play and acupuncturing from Zen master Kong Ling in Wutai Mountain. He has published Lectures on Xingyiquan, True Boxing of Xingyiquan and Kong Ling Zen Master's Acupoints.

August 1936 China Wushu Team went to Berlin Olympic Games to perform.

China experienced World War II and Civil War. During the war years, the development of Wushu stagnated, leading to faults. From World War II (1937) to after the reform and opening up (1985); In recent 50 years, in Chinese mainland, some heritages have disappeared and some contents have been missing. Many people in Taiwan Province, Hongkong and even abroad have lost their courtesy, which can make up for some of the present losses.

Today's China Wushu (Mainland)

The receiving moves of Xingyi Boxing in Neijia Boxing and the "dripping trend" of north shaolin in Waijia Boxing all have moves similar to those in the picture.

People's Republic of China (PRC) State Sports General Administration has established Wushu Sports Management Center (formerly Wushu Sports Management Center of Sports Committee of the People's Republic of China) and Wushu Research Institute of the State Sports General Administration (formerly China Wushu Research Institute). The Chinese Wushu Association is a national mass Wushu organization and one of the individual sports associations under the leadership of the All-China Sports Federation. Generally, they initiate and organize Wushu competitions. The above-mentioned organizations believe that Wushu should turn to physical fitness and competitive sports competitions.

In addition, the International Wushu Federation (IWUF) was established to promote Wushu. It is believed that Wushu should be regarded as a competitive sport and international "standard routine" competitions should be organized. Therefore, Wushu competition is criticized as a "dancing" performance, with no actual skills and attacks, just gymnastics with gestures. The International Wushu Federation has 1 14 member countries. So China officially launched Sanda from 1980. However, this has met with more criticism. Many negative people simply don't recognize it as China Wushu, but criticize it as the leg method and boxing method of Muay Thai, and there are some four-unlike wrestling methods (because the wrestling method in traditional martial arts in China is completely different from it).