Astragalus membranaceus has the effects of invigorating qi and yang, consolidating exterior and promoting granulation, and promoting diuresis and swelling. In recent years, great progress has been made in the study of its pharmacological effects, which are summarized as follows.
1 Enhance immune function.
Astragalus membranaceus can enhance the phagocytic function of reticuloendothelial system, significantly increase the number of leukocytes and polynuclear leukocytes, significantly increase the phagocytic percentage and phagocytic index of macrophages, and promote humoral immunity and cellular immunity. After normal people take it, IgM and IgE in plasma increase obviously, and the whole grass has the best effect. Astragalus membranaceus can promote the formation of serum hemolysin, improve the hemolytic ability of plaque-forming cells, and have obvious effects of carbon particle clearance and spleen weight increase. The above effects exist in normal physiological state, and also have obvious effects when the immune function is low. Astragalus membranaceus not only can enhance immune function, but also has two-way regulation. F3, the effective component of Astragalus membranaceus, has been proved to completely restore the lymphocyte function of cancer patients in vitro, and can completely reverse the immunosuppression caused by cyclophosphamide in vivo animal model tests, indicating that Astragalus membranaceus may be a promising biological response regulator in immunotherapy. Astragalus membranaceus can increase the activity of natural killer cells (LAK) activated by lymphatic factor (IL-2).
Effect of 2 on interferon
Astragalus can enhance the ability of virus to induce interferon. Taking Astragalus membranaceus in cold season can not only significantly reduce the number of colds, but also make the symptoms of colds lighter and the course of disease shorter.
3 enhance the body's ability to resist hypoxia and stress
Astragalus polysaccharide has obvious anti-fatigue effect, can significantly prolong the swimming time of mice exhausted by hydrocortisone, increase the weight of adrenaline, has obvious tolerance to various hypoxia models of mice, can significantly reduce the whole body oxygen consumption and increase the hypoxia tolerance of tissues. Astragalus polysaccharide has obvious low temperature tolerance and can obviously prolong the anti-survival time of normal and weak mice.
4 Promote the metabolism of the body.
Astragalus can enhance the physiological metabolism of cells, which may be achieved by regulating intracellular cAMP and cGMP. Astragalus membranaceus can also promote protein renewal of serum and liver, and promote protein metabolism, which may be another important aspect of Astragalus membranaceus' righting effect.
5. Improve heart function
Astragalus can strengthen the contraction of normal heart, especially for heart failure caused by poisoning or fatigue, which can increase the contraction range of heart and increase the output of blood. 100% astragalus injection can enhance and accelerate the contraction of isolated heart. Astragalus membranaceus can improve the left ventricular function of patients with viral myocarditis and has certain antiarrhythmic effect, which may be caused by prolonging the effective refractory period.
6 hypotensive effect
Subcutaneous or intravenous injection of Astragalus membranaceus decoction, water extract and alcohol extract can reduce blood pressure in anesthetized animals (dogs, cats and rabbits), and the effect is rapid and the duration is short. The hypotensive effect is the result of directly dilating peripheral blood vessels. Injecting Astragalus Injection into visceral vessels such as coronary artery, vertebral artery, superior mesenteric artery, cerebrovascular and intestinal tract in experimental dogs can reduce the vascular resistance index, but injecting Astragalus Injection into renal artery will increase the renal vascular resistance index, suggesting that the effect of Astragalus Injection on renal vessels is different from that on other parts of the blood vessels.
7 hepatoprotective effect
Astragalus membranaceus can prevent the decrease of hepatic glycogen and protect mice with carbon tetrachloride hepatitis. Astragalus membranaceus also has a certain effect on the negative conversion of hepatitis B virus surface antigen. Compared with the control group, the difference is significant (P0.05), indicating that the effective rate of treating chronic hepatitis with Astragalus membranaceus alone is not ideal.
8 regulating blood sugar
Astragalus polysaccharide can regulate blood sugar in two directions, which can significantly reduce the blood sugar level of mice after glucose load, and can obviously resist the increase of blood sugar level in mice caused by adrenaline, but has no obvious effect on insulin hypoglycemia.
9 antibacterial and antiviral effects
Astragalus membranaceus has inhibitory effects on Shigella dysenteriae, pneumococcus, hemolytic streptococcus A, B, C, golden yellow, lemon color and staphylococcus albus. Astragalus membranaceus also has a certain inhibitory effect on the pathogenicity of oral virus and influenza Sendai BB 1 virus, but it has no direct inactivation effect.
Hormone-like effect of 10
Astragalus membranaceus has hormone-like effect, which can prolong estrus of mice and have a good influence on their development.
1 1 other
Astragalus membranaceus can significantly reduce the hemorheological indexes of rabbits, and its properties and strength are the same as those of Danshen injection. 100% huangqi injection can excite and contract isolated rat uterus. Astragalus injection can promote the growth of chick embryo femur in vitro. Astragalus can also promote the increase of hemoglobin, serum protein and albumin in patients with aplastic anemia.
First, invigorating qi and rising yang. For proctoptosis, uterine prolapse, metrorrhagia, dizziness and fatigue caused by qi deficiency, it is often used with Cimicifuga rhizome and Bupleurum root.
The second is to consolidate the exterior and accumulate sweat. It is mostly used for spontaneous sweating caused by physical deficiency. If the exogenous wind is cold, the superficial qi is not firm, and sweating is not stopped, long-term treatment with Astragalus membranaceus, Atractylodes macrocephala and Saposhnikovia divaricata has obvious effects.
The third is to support sores and discharge pus. It can be used for treating invaginated ulcer that does not fester for a long time, and has the functions of promoting festering and limiting. Used to heal wounds and ulcers that have been festering for a long time. It is often used with honeysuckle, Gleditsia sinensis and Viola yedoensis.
The fourth is diuresis and detumescence. It is used for puffiness caused by yang deficiency. It is often used with Ji Fang, Poria and Atractylodes macrocephala.
To sum up, there are similarities and differences in the efficacy of people participating in Astragalus membranaceus. We should not confuse qi deficiency at first sight, otherwise it will be self-defeating.