Mining, crushing, flotation, drying, powder screening and packaging of graphite ore; Graphite products is made of graphite, such as crucibles, lubricants, electrodes, corrosion-resistant tubes, etc. Graphite pneumoconiosis can occur in the production process of using graphite as coating agent for steel ingots and casting coatings, which can be divided into two types: the pneumoconiosis caused by graphite dust with SiO2 _ 2 content below 5% is graphite lung; Pneumoconiosis caused by graphite dust with silica content exceeding 5% is graphite silicosis.
The working age of graphite pneumoconiosis is about 20 years.
You are in contact with flake graphite, which belongs to natural graphite. Granuloma and interstitial fibrosis caused by natural graphite dust in lung tissue are caused by graphite itself.
Manifestations of graphite pneumoconiosis
1. Slight, slow progress, early dry throat, cough, expectoration and black sputum. When there are complications, corresponding symptoms and signs may appear.
2. Chest X-ray findings: irregular small shadows and reticular shadows can be seen in the middle and lower lung in the early stage, and small circular shadows of 1 ~ 2mm can be seen on the reticular shadow background, with low density. Sometimes a slightly larger small circular shadow can be seen. Lung markings often increase. The density of hilum shadow can be increased, but the obvious increase is rare. A few cases may have emphysema and perifocal emphysema.
3. Pulmonary function examination: Obstructive ventilation dysfunction and emphysema may exist.
Other diseases may cause.
Chronic bronchitis, tuberculosis, bronchiectasis and emphysema.
therapeutic method
1. Anti-fibrosis therapy is a drug therapy to delay the progress of the disease. Commonly used drugs are cresyl sulfanilamide, tetrandrine, hydroxypropylquine phosphate, aluminum citrate and so on. , can be used alone or in combination;
2. Treatment of respiratory tract infection;
3. Actively treat complications;
4. The application of lung lavage technology:
5. Strengthen psychotherapy;
6. Strengthen patient health management;
7. Exercise therapy.
It doesn't matter if you pass the exam now. You should pay attention to maintenance, eat more fruits that moisten the lungs and keep a good mood at the same time. If you plan to engage in this profession for a long time, you'd better check it regularly.
Foods conducive to clearing lung heat are
First, wax gourd: wax gourd can diuretic and expectorant, clear away heat and expel pus, and is suitable for silicosis patients with phlegm and cough. It also helps to eliminate the toxicity of silica dust and prevent the formation of silicosis. "southern Yunnan materia medica" says that wax gourd "moistens the lungs, eliminates phlegm and clears heat, relieves cough and promotes diuresis." This is in line with the principle of dietary taboo for silicosis patients.
Second, water chestnut: Water chestnut has the functions of clearing away heat and resolving phlegm, resolving food stagnation, promoting fluid production and quenching thirst. It is suitable for silicosis with phlegm heat, cough and asthma, and yellow and thick phlegm, so that pus and phlegm can be easily discharged from silicosis. It is better if fried with jellyfish or eaten alternately with radish.
Third, radish: radish has the effect of resolving phlegm, relieving cough and asthma. It can also reverse pulmonary fibrosis, remove silica dust and excrete it with sputum. According to the medical data of Hubei province, silicosis patients eat a lot of fresh radish and fresh water chestnut every day. After a period of time, the black sputum is reduced, the chest tightness and cough are gradually relieved, and the symptoms can gradually disappear after taking it for half a year to one year.
4. Spinach: According to Compendium of Materia Medica, spinach "promotes blood circulation, opens the chest and abdomen, lowers qi, quenches thirst and moistens dryness." After eating, it can improve the blood circulation in the lungs, play the role of opening the chest and smoothing the qi, and eliminate silica dust, thus preventing the formation of silicosis.
5. Pear: Pear is a kind of fruit that we often use. Has the effects of clearing away heat and resolving phlegm, promoting fluid production and moistening dryness. "Dietotherapy Materia Medica" says: "Those who have heat in their chests can eat more pears." Compendium of Materia Medica also says: "Pear has the functions of curing wind-heat and moistening lung, cooling heart, resolving phlegm, reducing fire and detoxifying." It is especially suitable for silicosis with cough, asthma and excessive phlegm.
6. Auricularia auricula: rich in nutrition, it has the functions of nourishing, promoting blood circulation, nourishing yin and moistening dryness. The gum in Auricularia auricula can digest fiber, eliminate toxic dust, prevent phagocyte degeneration and necrosis, prevent lymphangitis, prevent fibrous changes and the formation of silicon nodules, and is suitable for silicosis patients to eat regularly.
Lily: It has the functions of moistening lung dryness, invigorating lung qi, clearing lung heat and relieving cough. Silicosis patients often have phlegm-heat choking the lungs, coughing with phlegm, chest tightness, shortness of breath and restlessness, so lily stew should be taken.
Eight, tremella: Tremella has always been regarded as a high-grade nourishing nutrition. Herbal rejuvenation says it "moistens the lungs and nourishes yin." "Questions and Answers of Materia Medica" also said: "Tremella can cure dry mouth and lung flaccidity, phlegm stagnation and cough." "Supplementary Identification of Counterfeit Drugs" also said that auricularia auricula "treats lung heat and lung dryness, dry cough and phlegm cough." For silicosis patients with weak constitution, or dry cough due to lung deficiency, or deficiency of both qi and yin, with excessive cough, asthma and phlegm, it is advisable to eat tremella frequently.
9. Jellyfish: Yan Lu in Guangxi says, "Jellyfish is a panacea. It is advisable to have qi and blood stasis, eliminate phlegm and eat without hurting righteousness. " "Life Taste Diet Spectrum" also contains: jellyfish "clear away heat and phlegm, remove blood stasis and eliminate food stagnation." This is the best food for silicosis patients with cough, shortness of breath, chest pain and phlegm. Tang Xue decoction in Selected Notes on Ancient Prescriptions "decocted one or two jellyfish and four water chestnuts" to treat phlegm-heat due to yin deficiency. It is most suitable for silicosis patients with yin deficiency and phlegm cough.
Ten, peanuts: peanuts are flat, sweet, and can moisten the lungs, stomach, spleen, qi and phlegm. "Illustration of Materia Medica in Southern Yunnan" contains: "Tonifying the middle and invigorating qi, boiling salt water to nourish the lungs." Compendium of Materia Medica says: "Peanut has expectorant effect. If you use raw peanuts to treat cough, you will feel comfortable. " Silicosis patients, lung deficiency and phlegm, eat the most appropriate, not only can moisten the lungs and benefit qi, but also can resolve phlegm and relieve cough. Cooked properly, fried easily gets angry.
XI. Adenophora adenophora: Adenophora adenophora has the functions of nourishing yin, clearing lung, resolving phlegm and relieving cough. According to New Theory of Materia Medica, Adenophora adenophora is "good at nourishing lung yin, clearing lung fire and treating chronic cough and flaccidity." "History of Northeast Materia Medica" also said: "Treating insufficient flatulence", and Lin Zhongxian's medical case also introduced: "Treating all fire inflammation due to yin deficiency, which seems to be deficiency and excess, and the qi does not fall, and the clear qi does not rise, and the thirst and cough are not full: 65,438+05g of Radix Glehniae, taken orally." These are similar to silicosis, and it is quite appropriate to eat them often.
Twelve, ginseng: ginseng is warm, sweet and bitter, and has the effect of invigorating qi and strengthening the heart, especially for the lungs and spleen. Dai Li, a doctor in the Yuan Dynasty, pointed out: "Ginseng can replenish the qi in the lungs, and the qi in the lungs is full of four dirty qi." People with silicosis have impaired lung qi, chest tightness and shortness of breath. "The Origin of Medicine" said: "Ginseng can cure lung shortness of breath, shortness of breath, shortness of breath." It is also said in Compendium of Materia Medica that it "relieves cough and asthma." Therefore, it is beneficial for silicosis patients to eat a small amount of ginseng. Other Radix Codonopsis, Radix Pseudostellariae and Radix Panacis Quinquefolii are also applicable.
Thirteen, Chinese cabbage: also known as soybean sprouts, is a vegetable that people often eat in winter. It has the effects of detoxifying, clearing away heat and clearing stomach. Recently, medical scientists believe that Chinese cabbage has an auxiliary therapeutic effect on silicosis, and silicosis patients can often eat it in winter.