AUG - Armee Universal Gewehr
Steyraug (German abbreviation steyr AUG(Armee Universal Gewehr) is an air-guided, magazine-fed and unsupported shooting mode optional rifle. It was developed in the late 1960s to replace the Stg.58(FN FAL) combat rifle adopted by the Austrian military at that time. At that time, the requirements put forward by the military were: the accuracy was not lower than that of Belgian FN FAL rifle; M 16 rifle with a weight not greater than that of the United States; The total length shall not exceed the length of modern submachine guns; When used in harsh environment, the reliability is not lower than that of Soviet AK-47 and AKM assault rifles. Originally, it was planned to develop three gun types: rifle, carbine and light machine gun. Later, submachine guns were added.
The development of new weapons is under the responsibility of Steyr-Manlicher Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Steyr-Daimler-Butcher in Austria. There are three main designers-Horst Wesp (also the designer of Glock pistol) and Karl Wagner. Ser), while Colonel Walter Stoll of the Austrian Military Technology Office is responsible for supervising the progress of the development plan.
1974, at that time, it was not decided to use the optical sight as the standard sight, but decided to adopt the modular design.
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AUG specification data
Diameter: 5.56 mm
Launch mode: single shot and continuous shot.
Magazine capacity 30 rounds
The total length of the gun is 790 mm.
The barrel length is 508 mm.
Six rifles, right hand, 228 mm winding distance.
The weight of the whole gun (excluding the magazine) is 3.6kg.
The initial speed is 970 m/s.
The measuring range of the instrument is 300 meters.
The maximum effective range is 500m (standard barrel).
The theoretical combustion rate is 680-800 rpm.
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Early prototype
Pay attention to the difference between the grip and the prototype of the mechanical sight tested later.
Comparison between AUG made by Austrian military and FN FAL, FN CAL, Vz58, M 16A 1 of Czech Republic. AUG has reliable performance and is excellent in shooting accuracy, target capture and automatic shooting control. After technical and military tests, this new rifle was officially adopted by the Austrian army in 1977, named Stg.77 (meaning "1977 assault rifle"), and mass production began in 1978. From then on, AUG became famous and was adopted by the armies of many countries except Austria. Tunisia 1978 started to buy AUG, which is estimated to be at least 70,000 yuan; Oman 1982 began to equip AUG, with about 30,000 pieces; 1985, Australia announced the use of AUG as a standard rifle and named it F88 rifle. Initially, it was equipped with 67,000 rifles, and then Lithgow Gun Factory was granted the franchise production right and export sales right in August. By the mid-1990s, the output had reached 280,000 rifles. New Zealand originally planned to equip M 16A2, so it was equipped with AUG instead of Australian equipment. Saudi Arabia has been equipped with AUG since 1980, with about 654.38+10,000 pieces; Ireland 1988 began to equip with AUG. In addition, the armies of Malaysia, Argentina, Equatorial Guinea, Morocco, United Republic of North Africa, Djibouti, Papua New Guinea and other countries also equipped with a certain number of AUG, and the Colombian M- 19 guerrillas also obtained a large number of AUG from Tunisia through Libya; AUG has also been adopted by US Navy SEALs, British SAS and some British policemen. SAS used to prefer to continue using FAL or purchasing M 16A2 instead of using SA80 in its own country. AUG is the only bareback gun used by SAS. At the same time, AUG is also widely purchased by many security agencies and law enforcement agencies in the world, including the US Coast Guard. Law enforcement agencies or special forces rarely use rifles without supporting structures, and AUG is an exception. It can be said that Steyr AUG is the most successful unarmed assault rifle in business. Starting from 1997, Steyr Manlicher began to produce the new model AUG-AUG-A2.
SAS is equipped with aug.
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When AUG was first developed, some people thought that many unique designs of AUG rifles were revolutionary, but they were not. In fact, AUG is a clever combination of many known design concepts in the past, combining them into a reliable and beautiful whole. Now let's take a look at the harbinger of Og's "revolutionary move":
Unsupported structure-Steyr AUG is not the first unsupported military rifle. In fact, Britain's Enfield EM-2 and the Soviet Union's Korobov TKB-408 unprotected assault rifle were 25-30 years earlier than AUG, and France's FAMAS bareback rifle was also announced at the same time.
Plastic weapon body-As early as 1962, the Soviet experimental rifle Korobov TKB-022 has adopted a plastic body, and Famas rifle also has this feature.
The telescopic sight is used as the standard sight-the EM-2 rifle in Britain in the late 1960s and the FN FAL prototype tested in Canada in the early 1950s are equipped with low-power telescopic sight as the basic sight.
Modular design-The modular system of different weapons (automatic rifles, light machine guns and carbines) based on the same gearbox and moving parts was first developed by Rosino of France and Fedoroff of Russia in the1920s.
But one thing is certain: AUG, which is famous for its excellent ergonomics, high precision and good reliability, is much more successful than those predecessors mentioned above.
TKB-022 TKB-408
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Steyr AUG adopts the unsupported structure, so the barrel length of the weapon is 25% shorter than that of other rifles. After folding the butt, it is close to the length of other rifles, but it can shoot accurately at the shoulder. AUG pays special attention to ergonomics when designing. The balance center of AUG is in the grip position, so that the shooter can operate the weapon with one hand. The designer considers that delicate female soldiers can easily master this weapon.
Steyr AUG is actually a weapon system. Four different barrels can be loaded into any box in a few seconds and become four different weapons. The AUG weapon system is modular in structure. The whole gun consists of six parts: barrel, shell, firing and launching mechanism, automaton, stock and magazine. All parts, including barrel, casing and other parts, are interchangeable. A large number of plastic parts are used in AUG system, accounting for about 20% of the total number of artillery parts. Not only the butt, grip and magazine are engineering plastics, but also the hammer, iron block and trigger are plastic. These parts are friction-resistant and do not need lubrication, so they have a long life cycle and are very strong. According to the Austrian military test, these plastic parts can withstand the service life of more than 100000 times. AUG can be easily disassembled without special tools, which can greatly reduce the basic maintenance cost and facilitate soldiers to maintain rifles under field conditions.
Six components of AUG system
AUG adopts aluminum alloy die-casting shell, which is corrosion-resistant. It is made by 28 processing procedures and equipped with steel reinforcing plug-ins. One of the inserts is the barrel connecting sleeve, which is used to fix and lock the barrel and the rotary head, thus reducing the pressure on the watch case when shooting, and the other is the sleeve for fixing the bolt guide rod.
AUG adopts the principle of short piston air guide operation. The air guide piston is inserted into the connecting sleeve on the cylinder, and there is an air guide cavity in the connecting sleeve, and the return spring of the air guide piston is also located in the air guide cavity. The air guide system has three gas regulators, two of which are in the open position (normal working position and special working position, the latter is used when the powder residue accumulates more or sludge and other pollutants enter the gun and fail), and the other is in the closed position (used for launching rifle grenades). The coupling sleeve also includes the cylinder lock/unlock lock and the hinge of the front handle, which is also the tightener of the gas regulator. Because the grip is close to the barrel, it can be folded forward when not in use to prevent fingers from being burnt. In addition, the grip is also a lever to turn the barrel when disassembling the gun, and it is not necessary to touch the barrel directly when the barrel is overheated.
The barrel is made of high strength steel by cold forging, and the gun bore and gun bore are chrome plated. The outer surface of the barrel is provided with annular radiating ribs, and there are eight bamboo shoots at the end of the chamber of each barrel, which are used to lock into the steel connecting sleeve in the sleeve, and the bolts are fixed behind the connecting sleeve. The connecting sleeve of the cylinder is fixed on the right side of the shell by a spline, and the connecting spline is also consistent with the bamboo shoots protruding from the cylinder and the bolt. When the barrel and bolt are both in the connecting sleeve, their surfaces are completely meshed to form a closed gas ring.
AUG has four basic types of barrels: standard rifle barrel 508mm (about 20 inches), submachine gun barrel 350mm( 13.8 inches), carbine barrel 407mm( 16 inches), heavy machine gun barrel (that is, light machine gun barrel) 62 1mm(24.4 inches). Any rifle can be replaced with other barrels in a few seconds.
Barrel comparison, from bottom to top: Og -HBAR, standard barrel, Og -P, Og -SMG.
Each barrel has a flame arrester, which is fixed on the barrel with threads. The barrels of 16 "and 20" are three separate flame arresters, with openings on the upper and both sides respectively, without downward openings, so as to avoid dust when shooting. The flame arrester is internally threaded and can be equipped with an auxiliary device for backing off empty shells. If customers need it, they can also request birdcage flame arresters on the order. The muzzle device of the 24-inch barrel is strange, and looks like a metal sculpture of abstract art, but like other flame arresters, it can also be equipped with an empty bomb evacuation aid or a Grenade launcher. AUG's flame arrester is also equipped with a special plastic protective sleeve to prevent moisture from entering the gun bore, but in battle, people always shoot because they forget to take it off, but it does not pose a danger. The 24-inch barrel is also equipped with a light folding tripod that can be used as a light machine gun. There are no bayonets on the rifles served by the Austrian army, because the Austrian army thinks that bayonets are useless now. But if necessary, you can also install a multi-purpose bayonet and fix it with a special fixture.
There are six right-handed rifles in the chamber, with a curvature of 9 inches. At that time, Steyr thought that this was a good compromise between M 193 and the new SS 109, that is to say, one barrel fired two kinds of bullets, but customers could also get a barrel with a pitch of 1:7 through special orders.
The quick replacement of the barrel can be completed in a few seconds (if the shooter has an extra barrel). To remove the barrel, you must first remove the magazine and pull the motor handle to clear the gun; Then, hold the front handle of the barrel, press the barrel lock button on the air guide chamber, rotate the barrel by 22.5 and pull it out of the rifle. To install a new barrel, just insert the barrel from the front of the case and rotate it until it locks, then the rifle can be loaded and fired.
In continuous shooting, the barrel needs to be cooled or replaced after each continuous shooting 150 shot. In addition, the heat can be obviously felt on the casing of the sight, because AUG is an unsupported structure, and the heat of the barrel is directly transferred to the casing.
The anchor machine system consists of an anchor machine frame, two hollow large return spring guide rods, a return spring, a piston and a handle. There is a pillar lock on the bolt machine to absorb the rotating torque of the bolt machine itself, and at the same time, it will not force the watch case or the bolt seat. The frame drives the bolt machine through the guide post to realize the rotation return spring. The left guide rod is welded to the anchor machine frame with copper, and the right guide rod is an action rod, which transfers the energy of the air guide piston to the anchor machine frame. The rotary locking machine head has seven locking bamboo shoots, shell-pulling hooks and shell-throwing tappets, which are driven by cams in the frame. There is a shell pulling hook on the right side of the standard bolt machine, which can throw the shell from the right side. When it is necessary to throw the shell from the left, you can move the shell pulling hook to the relative position on the left. The two recoil springs are located behind the latch frame, respectively sleeved on the two guide rods and located in the guide rods of the latch frame. The pull handle is located in the chute on the left side of the casing and is not fixed with the guide rod, so it will not move when shooting. If necessary, you can press the small button on the handle to disable the latch. On the latest AUG-A2 model, the shape of the pull handle was changed into a folding type. One of the characteristics of AUG is the hanging device of empty magazine. When the last shot in the magazine is finished, the bolt will get stuck in the back. To release the bolt after changing the magazine, the loading handle must be pulled again.
Demonstration of pull-up drive handle in Austrian army STG77 manual
The hammer assembly is designed as an independent and separable part, almost all of which are made of plastic (including the hammer itself), and only the spring and the rotating shaft are made of metal. The hammer assembly is accommodated in the stock and connected with the sliding trigger through a double trigger connecting rod. The safety device traverses the whole grip in a horizontal position and is operated by the safety button on the grip, and the safety mechanism can be operated by both hands. In addition, the HBAR butt used as a light machine gun will be replaced by a launcher that can be hit at any time.
Semi-automatic/fully automatic hammer, mainly used in military units.
Only semi-automatic hammer components can be produced. Because some law enforcement agencies do not allow the use of fully automatic weapons, this mechanism can only fire.
There is no special shooting mode selection device on the AUG rifle, but the shooting mode is controlled by the trigger itself. By controlling the stroke of the trigger, single shot and continuous shot can be carried out. When the button is halfway to the position, it is single shot, and when it is pressed to the bottom, it is fully automatic shooting. In semi-automatic shooting, the trigger must be released between shots, while in full-automatic shooting, you just need to hold it down until you stop shooting. The semi-automatic police (law enforcement) trigger can only be fired, and the trigger force is light, about 9 kg. It is easy for trained soldiers to master the use of single trigger, but practicing guns on the shooting range is not the same as the actual combat environment, so soldiers on the battlefield are likely to hold the trigger and aim at the target because of nervousness, even for distant targets, they will dump a lot of bullets. So AUG's single trigger is the controversial part.
The standard aiming device of Steyr AUG rifle is 1.5 times telescopic sight (and handle), designed by Swarovski Optik in Tyrol, Austria. It is sealed in a cylindrical shell, waterproof for 30 feet, designed with a zero value of 300 meters, and can be used in dim light conditions. The sight has a field of view of 150, a diameter of 45m at 300m, 30m at 200m and15m at100m. The military aiming reticle is a thick black ring with an inner diameter of 6 meters, which is equivalent to the height of a standing human body at 300 meters, and can be used for ranging. The law enforcement type has a small black dot in the center to provide more accurate aiming. The wind deflection and high-low angle adjusting nuts on the sight barrel are used for zero adjustment, but they cannot be adjusted beyond 300 meters. 1.5 times magnification, so that the shooter can open his eyes when shooting, which is convenient for searching for the target and observing the surrounding things, and avoids "tunnel vision". In addition, this optical sight can also reduce the training time of AUG users-thus greatly reducing the ammunition and training costs.
Ring sight division
The inner diameter of the ring is equivalent to the height of a standing human body at 300 meters.
The sight is installed on AUG-A 1 model. The sight and the shell are integrated, with a total mass of 100g g. There is a spare mechanical sight at the top of the sight. The knife-shaped sight and the rectangular notch door have three luminous highlights, which can be used in dim environment and cannot be adjusted. Some early production AUG-A 1 rifles are equipped with a complete sight base shell. On AUG-A2, the standard sight base can be quickly replaced with the previous standard Picatinny Rail M1913.
The stock consists of pistol grip and trigger assembly, and is made of high-impact polymer, mainly in green (military) and black (police), and the other is desert yellow, which is ordered by Saudi Arabia. The trigger retainer extends to the whole grip, and you can also shoot with winter gloves or baseball gloves. There are two symmetrical shell throwing openings on the main body. Generally, the one on the left will be covered with a plastic cover. When the shell needs to be thrown from the left, the cover should be moved to the right. There is a rubber pad on the detachable butt plate. When disassembling, you can take out the main parts of the rifle, including the hammer assembly and the bolt assembly. The bottom plate of the butt stock is fixed by a connecting pin, and the connecting pin is also connected with the rear belt ring. There is still a lot of room at the tail of the stock to accommodate accessories such as wiping tools.
August-A 1 desert color
AUG adopts magazine-type ammunition supply, with 30 magazines (standard rifles) and 42 magazines (light machine guns). The magazine is made of translucent reinforced polymer, and the amount of ammunition in the magazine can be seen. Later, in order to disguise, a black opaque magazine was produced. The magazine release button is located behind the magazine entrance and can be operated by both hands (some people think it is inconvenient to operate with both hands). Any kind of gun can use two kinds of magazines that can't be loaded, but the magazine of AUG can only be used for AUG gun family, not for other rifles. In addition, AUG's magazine is prepackaged, and the bullets have been pressed and ready for use. However, some experts have questioned whether the spring in the pre-packaged magazine will be fatigued for a long time and fail after long-term storage.
AUG-a 1/A2 AUG-P AUG-SMG AUG-HBAR AUG-9mm
The initial speed is 970m/S940m/S925m/s1000m/s.
400 m/s
The theoretical combustion rate is 680-800 rpm and 700 rpm.
Launch mode: single shot and continuous shot.
Magazine capacity 30 rds/42 rds
25 rds/32 rds
The total length of the gun is 790mm, 690mm, 625mm, 900mm and 665mm.
The gun is 275 mm high.
266 mm
The barrel length is 508 mm 407 mm 350 mm 621mm 420 mm.
Six rifles, right hand, 228 mm winding distance.
6 strips, right-handed, winding distance 250 mm
The weight of the whole gun (excluding the magazine) is 3.6kg3.3kg3.05kg 4.9kg3.3kg.
The range of the ruler is 300m100m.
The maximum effective range is 500m (standard barrel) 200m.
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In the future "advanced individual combat weapon" scenes studied by Australia, this series of scenes all take AUG as the rifle part, while the Grenade part of the braided fuze adopts the principle of "metal storm". There are three caliber types in the plan: 20mm, 30mm and 40mm.
The bareback rifle was invented by the British, but the Austrian did it better. Their 5.56 mm AUG rifle has become an outstanding representative of the bareback rifle in the world today.
AUG is German, which is also the abbreviation of the English word "Army General Rifle". This rare naming coincidence bodes well for Steyr, an Austrian company that develops AUG rifles. AUG has attracted much attention since 1970 came out. More than 10 countries have selected it. It ranks among the forefront of world-famous rifles with its advanced technology. In the Gulf War of 199 1, soldiers generally reported that it was novel in appearance, compact in structure, simple in operation, stable in shooting, good in accuracy and convenient to carry. AUG is shorter than the same caliber rifle 1/5 or so. This is because it adopts an unsupported building block structure. In fact, the traditional butt stock is moved forward to the front of the shell, covering the back of the shell and the launching mechanism, so that the automaton can move in the butt stock, thus shortening the gun length. In the building block structure, there are six parts, such as barrel assembly, case assembly, transmitter assembly, automaton assembly, gun stock assembly and magazine assembly, and the parts seem to be few. All parts can be assembled and disassembled quickly, and the barrel can be removed in a few seconds.
More and more beautiful in the admiration of many languages, the appearance of jam color is more feminine. This may make people ignore its fortitude. Female soldiers like to use it, because it is not too heavy, and the empty gun is only 3.4 kilograms; It feels comfortable to shoot with your hand on your shoulder, and you can quickly master automatic shooting with one hand.
Male soldiers prefer it and call it "Rubik's Cube Rifle". According to the needs of the battle, change the barrels of different lengths, and in a blink of an eye, they will become carbines, submachine guns, paratroopers and light machine guns (with bipeds). One shot is more than one use!
AUG uses more plastic parts, even the hammer, iron block, trigger and magazine are all plastic. The use of impact-resistant plastic parts is not only easy to process, does not rust, but also has excellent strength. For example, the strength of the plastic magazine with double-row pressure bombs is amazing, and the two-ton truck will not be crushed back and forth. Moreover, the magazine wall is transparent, and the amount of ammunition stored can be clearly seen at any time.
It uses a single continuous trigger, which saves the action of changing the speed reducer and speeds up the fire changing. There are shell throwing windows on both sides of the gun, which can change the direction of shell throwing. Both left-handed and right-handed shooters can use it. Its tail is very wide, which is obviously different from other bareback rifles. The spacious space in the back can not only accommodate gun parts and maintenance accessories, but also store soldiers' daily necessities, which are welcomed by soldiers.
The improved AUGA2 maintains the main advantages of AUG. The outstanding improvement is that the case and sight can be separated, and a foldable skateboard is added on the left side of the case to reduce the risk of gun falling and cracking. The newly installed holographic sight has advanced technology. Its narrow display will not cut off the scene. A shooter can aim with his eyes open. The display image is large, which is beneficial for the shooter to capture the target quickly.
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Chief Secretary for Administration in August
Price: 3500
Magazine capacity: 30 rounds
Wall penetration effect: strong
Sticky target: medium
Maximum load of ammunition: 90 rounds
Special function of weapon: sight
Special weapon for CT. With amazing firepower and broad vision. This weapon is noisy and its accuracy is affected by recoil. But its initial sight is very small, similar to AK, and the accuracy of the first bullet is still very high.