Mainly distributed in Northeast China, Gansu, Xinjiang, Sichuan, Qinghai, Tibet, Yunnan and Guizhou provinces.
Salidroside is extracted from underground tuberous roots and rhizomes, which has anti-aging effect; Anti-hypoxia and anti-fatigue; Radiation resistance; Anti-tumor and antiviral; Enhance brain function; Improve myocardial function.
[Edit this paragraph] Medicinal effect:
Rhodiola sachalinensis is produced in Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the roof of the world. It is a precious medicinal material unique to Qinghai-Tibet, with a high altitude, pollution-free, natural and pure special environment of 3000-6000 meters above sea level.
Indications: brain hypoxia, anti-fatigue, promoting blood circulation to stop bleeding, clearing away lung-heat, relieving cough, removing blood stasis and swelling, clearing heat and nourishing yuan, etc. For external use, it is used to treat trauma and burn.
Dosage and usage: making tea, soaking wine, etc. 4-5g each time.
[Edit this paragraph] Plants collectively
It is also a general term for Rhodiola plants. There are more than 90 species, distributed in Central Asia and Siberia, and 73 species in China. Most of them can be used to extract salidroside.
[Edit this paragraph] Common species 1
Rhodiola sachalinensis
Scientific name Rhodiola (France. )S.H.Fu。
Origin: Tibet, Qinghai and Xinjiang
On the sunny slope of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau covered with snow all year round. Sexual taste: bitter and pungent; Clearing away heat and toxic materials, treating sore throat, lung pain and regulating qi; Has the effects of tonifying kidney, nourishing heart, calming nerves, regulating menstruation, promoting blood circulation, and improving eyesight.
The main effective components are salidroside) c 14 H2O 7 tyrosol) C6H 10O2, in addition, it also contains starch, protein, fat, tannin, flavonoids, phenolic compounds and trace volatile oils, as well as bioactive trace elements such as iron, aluminum, zinc, silver, cobalt, cadmium and titanium. Can be used for relieving fatigue, resisting aging and improving mental and physical functions. Rhodiola has been used in China for a long time. As early as the Qing Dynasty, Rhodiola sachalinensis was used as a tonic and strong medicine in producing areas, but it did not eliminate fatigue and resist cold. In some parts of Northeast China, people often use it as a tonic and treat diseases, and use it to decoct water or soak wine to eliminate fatigue caused by heavy physical labor and resist the cold in winter in alpine mountainous areas. Tibetans used Rhodiola earlier, which is recorded in Zhu Jing Materia Medica and Illustration of Tibetan Medicine. Rhodiola sachalinensis is more commonly used by Tibetan people to treat hemoptysis, hemoptysis, pneumonia and cough, and women's leucorrhea. Salidroside and aglycone tyrosol contained in Rhodiola have anti-fatigue, anti-hypoxia, anti-microwave radiation, anti-toxicity and two-way regulation of nervous system and metabolism. It is also an environmental adaptation drug. More than a thousand years ago, Tibetan people living on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau used Rhodiola as medicine to keep fit and resist the influence of harsh environment. It is a natural plant that grows in the pure iceberg snow area at an altitude of 3500-5000 meters in Tibet. As early as the second and third centuries BC, plateau natives used this plant with red flowers under snow to treat many diseases. /kloc-the masterpiece of Tibetan medicine more than 0/200 years ago, < < four medical codes > > in the middle, there is a record of "Shen Yao-Russell Ma Bao". Li Shizhen was called "the top grade of materia medica" in Ming Dynasty, and was named "Xian Ci Cao" by Emperor Kangxi. Rhodiola is rich in salidroside, flavonoids, vitamins and trace elements. According to pharmacology, pathology and clinical observation, Rhodiola has been proved to be a natural drug with remarkable curative effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. It can remove excessive lipids from blood, prevent the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, reduce blood viscosity, accelerate the flow rate of red blood cells, improve microcirculation and reduce peripheral resistance, thus reducing arterial pressure. Rhodiola can effectively dilate coronary artery, resist myocardial ischemia, improve heart function, improve blood circulation of brain tissue, accelerate the recovery of cerebral infarction focus, and also have significant effects on relieving headache, relieving fatigue and enhancing memory. Taking rhodiola for a long time can prevent or slow down the occurrence of stroke and heart disease. Rhodiola is a good medicine for treating and preventing coronary heart disease, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, climacteric syndrome, neurasthenia and angina pectoris, chest tightness, palpitation, shortness of breath, insomnia, mental fatigue and altitude sickness. It also has obvious auxiliary effect on many cancers. Effectively dilate coronary artery, resist myocardial ischemia, improve heart function, improve blood circulation of brain tissue, accelerate the elimination of cerebral infarction focus, and also have significant effects on relieving headache, relieving fatigue and enhancing memory.
Precautions: Use with caution for children and pregnant women.
Single bubble scented tea is not suitable for other teas.
Brewing method: 1 teaspoon of dried scented tea, brewed with a cup of boiling water and stewed for about ten minutes; You can add brown sugar or honey to drink.
Huayancha Shen Yu Kiln
[Edit this paragraph] Commonly used species 2
Rhodiola sachalinensis page
Rhodiola sachalinensis
Rhodiola sachalinensis
Morphological characteristics of perennial herbs, plant height 15-35cm. Roots are stout, erect or inclined, 20-50 cm long and 1-4 cm thick. The surface of young roots is light yellow, and the surface of old roots is brown to brown, with loose cork and light yellow cross section. The main shaft of the rhizome is short and thick, with many branches at the top, which are covered with many brown membranous scales. Flowering stems erect, clustered and unbranched. Leaves sessile, oblong-spoon-shaped, oblong-rhombic or oblong-lanceolate, length1-4cm, width 5-15mm, apex acute or acuminate, rough serrations on the upper edge, and almost the entire lower part. Cymes with dense flowers. Dioecious or heterozygous; Sepals 4, less than 5, lanceolate-linear, 2-3 mm long, apex obtuse; Petals 4, less than 5, pale yellow, linear oblanceolate or oblong, 3-6 mm long, blunt apex; There are 8 stamens in stamens, slightly longer than petals, and the anthers are yellow; There are 3-4 undeveloped carpels; There are 4 carpels in female flowers, the style is curved outward and the stigma is blunt. Pod lanceolate, erect, 6-8 mm long, beak about 1 mm long, bent outward; Seeds oblong to lanceolate, brown, ca. 2 mm long.
Distribution and Habitat Rhodiola sachalinensis is distributed in Jilin and Heilongjiang, especially Changbai Mountain in Jilin. Rhodiola sachalinensis mainly grows in alpine tundra and birch forest belt at an altitude of 1800-2300m in Changbai Mountain area. It is clustered on both sides of the mountain stream, in ravines, crevices and stone ponds, and its soil is mostly mountain tundra soil and grass forest soil, with shallow soil layer and more sandstone, and the soil pH is 5-6. Alpine tundra has sufficient light, and birch forest has light of 30-40%. Its environmental characteristics are long Leng Xia in winter, with annual average temperature of -5-2℃, alpine tundra 1 monthly average temperature of -24℃, July average temperature of less than 10℃, annual rainfall of 800- 1000mm, thick snow in winter and frost-free period of 70-/kloc-0. Rhodiola sachalinensis has poor natural regeneration ability and few seedlings, but more seedlings can be seen around the adult plants in birch forest.
Roots and rhizomes of medicinal parts and effective components are used as medicines. Has the effects of nourishing, strengthening body, resisting fatigue, and resisting aging. Rhodiola plants contain volatile oil, pectin, sitosterol, tannin, pyrogallol, phloroglucinol, anthraquinone, oxalic acid, hydroquinone, hydroquinone, ferulic acid, catechin, catechuic acid, coumarin, flavonoids and glycosides. Salidroside is the most studied effective component, and about 14 of nearly 20 kinds of rhodiola contain salidroside. Rhodiola root contains flavonoid glycosides Rhodiola, Rhodiola and Rhodiola, and its aerial part contains flavonoid glycosides Rhodiola, Rhodiola and Rhodiola. Rhodiola tangutica contains flavonoid glycosides Rodalgenin, algin, Rodalgenin, rodalgenin, rhodalgisin, rhodalgiside, rhodalide and so on. Rhodiola contains litvinolin, and Rhodiola longifolia contains flavonoids such as gelolin and gelidolin. The volatile oil of rhodiola sachalinensis contains 28 components, mainly storax, followed by caryophyllene, O- elemene, 13- butene, O- caryophyllene, o[-muurolene, elemene (elem000). Many plants of Rhodiola have many functions, such as anti-fatigue, anti-aging, anti-hypoxia, anti-cold, anti-microwave radiation and so on, which can improve work efficiency and delay the aging of the body.
[Edit this paragraph] Other commonly used species
Rhodiola grandiflora ( 1)s . h . fu . var . chola ensis(praeg)s.h.fu。
Rhodiola grandiflora )S.H.Fu。
Rhodiola angustifolia
Sedum tanguticum )S.H.Fu。
Rhodiola rosea
Rhodiola yunnanensis (France. ) S.H. Fu.
[Edit this paragraph] Dietotherapy value
Roots or whole grass of Sedum herbs such as Rhodiola, Rhodiola crenulata, Rhodiola yunnanensis, Rhodiola himalayana and Rhodiola sachalinensis. Produced in Yunnan, Central China, Northwest China and Northeast China. Harvest in autumn, wash and dry. Cut the stems and leaves into sections, cut the roots into oblique slices, or grind them into powder. Eat raw.
[Properties] Sweet, astringent and flat. It can invigorate qi, promote blood circulation, stop bleeding and relieve cough.
[References] Contains salidroside, organic acids, etc.
It has an adaptogen effect similar to ginseng, and can resist hypoxia, fatigue, cold and radiation. Can promote human metabolism.
【 Usage 】 Used for qi deficiency, fatigue and fatigue; Lung qi deficiency, cough and shortness of breath, or hemoptysis; Fall injury.
[Usage] 3~ 10g a day. Boil soup, make tea, make drinks and soak wine.
[attachment]
1, Saussurea involucrata and Rhodiola sachalinensis wine: Saussurea involucrata and Rhodiola sachalinensis are equally divided. Soak in wine. Drink 1~2 small cups each time.
This prescription uses Saussurea involucrata to tonify kidney and warm yang, and rhodiola sachalinensis to tonify qi and resist aging. Used for weak body, qi deficiency and yang decline, mental fatigue and cold limbs.
2. Rhodiola and Ophiopogon japonicus tea: Rhodiola (stem and leaf) 10g, Ophiopogon japonicus 15g. Soak in boiling water.
In this prescription, Rhodiola is used to replenish qi and relieve cough, and Ophiopogon japonicus is used to nourish yin and moisten lung. Used for deficiency of both qi and yin, cough and shortness of breath, or hemoptysis.
Name: salidroside
English name: Salidroside
Molecular formula: c 14 H2O 7.
CASNo.: 10338-5 1-9
Source of medicinal materials: Rhodiola sachalinensis, Rhodiola crenulata and Rhodiola sachalinensis.
Rhodiola is a plant of Rhodiola of Crassulaceae. That is, the name of a species of this genus and the generic name of this genus, many of which can be used to extract this medicine.
Description: light brown or brown powder.
Drug specifications: salidroside: 98%, salidroside: 3-5% (HPLC), cinnamyl alcohol glycoside: 3-5% (HPLC).
Pharmacological action:
1. Enhance immunity
Rhodiola extract can improve T cell immunity and restore the immune system to normal. It can improve the body's resistance to poisons that gradually develop and accumulate.
Get rid of melancholy
Rhodiola has been used to improve people's mental state and become a precious medicine for those who live in countries and seasons where the monthly cycle is prolonged and there is not enough sunshine.
3. Protect the cardiovascular system
Rhodiola extract shows that it can alleviate cardiovascular tissue damage and dysfunction caused by stress, prevent myocardial contractility from decreasing secondary to environmental pressure in acute freezing state, and help stabilize contractility.
Presenters: Zhao, Lin Shuxin,. Effects of salidroside on proliferation and [Ca ~ (2+)] I of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in hypoxic rats [J] Journal of Preventive Medicine of PLA, 2004, (04).
Bin Song, Huang Shanshan, Liu Qingguo, Feng Shunqiao, Li Ting, Du Yang, Rongxing. Protective effect of salidroside on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats [J] Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2005, (03)
Chen Yadong, Cao, Tian Changyou, Zhang. Effects of Rhodiola on hypoxia tolerance, fatigue resistance and low temperature tolerance in mice [J] China Science and Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2002, (03).
[Edit this paragraph] Pharmacological effects of Rhodiola sachalinensis.
1. Anti-fatigue effect: Male mice (weighing about 20 g) were selected and injected intraperitoneally with 0 .4 mg/ g body weight after training. Compared with the normal saline group, the time of climbing the wall was recorded, and the results were significantly different. The swimming test of mice was observed, and the results showed that the medication group was better than the control group.
2. Analgesic effect: The mouse cage shaking method was used, the mouse movable frame and lever were taken, and the tattoo drum was started to record the mouse activities. Salidroside (400 mg/ kg) and normal saline were injected intraperitoneally (control group). The results showed that the drug group obviously inhibited the activity of mice (P < 0 .00 1).
In a word, Rhodiola sachalinensis, as a newly discovered adaptive tonic in recent years, has been deeply studied abroad. The Pharmacology Committee of the Ministry of Health of the former Soviet Union listed Rhodiola sachalinensis as a ginseng stimulant and an "adaptogen" drug, which was clinically used for anti-fatigue, improving physical and mental labor functions, neurosis, hypotonic syndrome, diabetes and anemia.
At present, the research on Rhodiola sachalinensis in China is far less in-depth and thorough than that on Ginseng and Acanthopanax senticosus, and the research on its effective components is limited to the research on salidroside and its aglycone.