Summary is a comprehensive and systematic summary of a period of study, work or its completion, which can give people the motivation to work hard, so we need to go back and summarize and write a summary. So what is the format of the summary? The following are nine summaries of teachers' work collected by me for your reference, hoping to help friends in need.

Teacher's Work Summary 1 Last semester, I made great efforts in the training stage, chose orthography according to my actual situation, and won the understanding, love and support of the leaders.

So I used my spare time to practice, focusing on the book "Putonghua for Teachers", and combined with my years of teaching experience, summed up some commonly used and error-prone words, and practiced with polyphonic words as the focus. Good results have been achieved. Some teachers scramble to borrow and copy their own mistakes, and gradually develop the habit of listening carefully to others' pronunciation in the process of practice, and have the urge to correct them urgently, just because they have not implemented them.

When reporting, I thought there would be a projector on the stage, so I didn't use a computer to type it out. I just carefully wrote down every word in regular script. Unfortunately, this report is not very exciting. Let's improve this aspect in the future depending on the situation.

Teacher's homework summary 2 The weather is changeable in spring, sometimes it is hot and sometimes it rains. Please pay attention to adding clothes to prevent colds. In particular, pay attention to developing good hygiene habits and washing hands before meals to effectively prevent the spread of various epidemics and infectious diseases. It is gratifying that with the efforts of the class teacher and the students, the students' behavior habits are becoming more and more civilized, and the phenomenon of littering is less. There are fewer students chasing and fighting in corridors and stairwells, fewer students eating snacks on campus, and more students like reading, which makes the whole campus full of vitality. In order to make our school better, we put forward some requirements:

1. Have a civilized break at noon.

Some students are chasing and playing games during recess, running desperately. Running is full of sweat, and you will become listless when you are in class. Sometimes running will bump into others, not only hurting others, but also hurting yourself. In addition, at noon, many students will deal with the relationship between study and rest, but some students are talking loudly. Occasionally, I can hear students swearing and not being civilized on campus. I hope our classmate is a sunny boy who speaks civilization and understands etiquette.

Don't run down the stairs.

We observed that some students were running at will when they were walking in the stairwell. In particular, some male students can be said to fly downstairs, and some even have to pull each other, which has very serious security risks. If you fall down in the process of pulling, the students behind you can't stop you. Will there be a serious accident of stepping on XX, which will endanger our lives? So I want to remind these students, especially those in middle and senior grades, to strengthen their sense of safety and order. In addition, everyone is learning chopsticks aerobics now. That chopstick is a prop of our aerobics, but it is not everyone's toy. Some students still play with their classmates with chopsticks after class. If you accidentally stab your classmates in the eyes or ears, the consequences will be unimaginable. Please put away your chopsticks in the rest of the time except taking them out during recess.

3. About the sanitary problems of stairs.

Littering on the stairs and playgrounds on both sides of the teaching building is serious. Although there are always classes that are cleaned regularly, the hygiene is still very poor. Students buy snacks and litter at will, which makes people feel too tired to pick them up. A beautiful and tidy campus is the characteristic of our school. We shouldn't throw things about, and at the same time, we should continue to carry out "bending over" activities on campus. Only when more and more students take part in "bending over" activities will our campus become more beautiful.

4. Parabolic phenomenon at high altitude.

Today, several juniors reported that some students spit on their heads on the fourth floor. Please think about it. How would you feel if you spit on your head on the first floor? I hope this uncivilized phenomenon won't happen again.

I believe that with the efforts of all our teachers and students, the students will perform better and make progress every day! Finally, I wish you all progress in your studies and a happy mood!

Summary of Teachers' Work Chapter III Time flies, year after year. Looking back on the bits and pieces of 20xx, I feel that there are gains and regrets, progress and shortcomings. Facing up to oneself and problems is the general idea of this summary.

Grading work:

Looking back on one year's work, although there are some hardships of "burning the midnight oil" with colleagues, there are also some disputes with brothers for the truth. In it, we have the same improvement, and we are happy. Maybe everyone has their own different feelings and ideas. Over the past year, I have realized that I need to think more, think more, learn more, ask more and do more in my work. Secondly: "persevere, you can't carve rotten wood." Perseverance, the stone can be engraved. " This perseverance is necessary. Let me know, "Without the frog's footsteps, there would be no miles." If you don't accumulate small streams, you can't become a river and lake. As time goes on, this becomes more and more important. Throughout the year, there are joys and sorrows in my work. I want to thank the brothers who fought together. It is you who let me establish a correct outlook on life and learn the true meaning of being a man. Thank you for your support in your work over the past year. Please forgive me for what I did wrong.

Class management:

As a coach, I have truly witnessed the growth of every student in my class and directly guided the management of class affairs. Clearly see the progress and shortcomings of the class, and summarize them twice.

Daily management: mainly focus on the following three points. 1, while studying the school system, the class system is formulated, which makes the class management more operational and puts forward specific requirements. 2. Standardize the management process, realize management democracy and punish democracy, so that every student can feel the importance of the collective. 3, a clear management responsibility, the implementation of the management responsibility and focus of each class cadre. Over the past year, there have been no major safety accidents such as student fights in the class, and the discipline and hygiene of the class have been significantly improved.

Training and teaching:

In this year's training, I am strict and difficult in everything, and I carry out teaching from the perspective of actual combat. Physical fitness is the foundation of everything, and strong physical fitness and endurance are the support of all technologies. Especially the teaching of Sanda is more important. I focused on physical fitness in this year's training. Actively carry out technical training and adopt the circular training method of demonstration, study, practice, revision and practice to teach. Cultivate students' awareness of actual combat and pay attention to group confrontation, from single action confrontation to multiple action confrontation. From the independent confrontation of a single action to the independent confrontation of multiple actions, students' awareness of actual combat is gradually cultivated. Through a year of active teaching and hard training of class students, we have achieved good results in the school sports meeting. Respond to the call of the school and actively participate in large-scale activities. Participate in the opening ceremony of Zhengzhou Workers' Games, Erdos Nadam Games and the welcoming ceremony of Shaolin Wushu Festival throughout the year. During the activity, the students trained hard and were full of energy, and never complained about being tired. Fully demonstrated the excellent style of the class.

Future plans:

Adhere to the student-centered, school-backed, and always love their jobs. Be a teacher by example, be strict with yourself, be strict with yourself. Be open-minded, sincerely consult and actively improve at work. Enrich your management experience, martial arts, etc. To provide students with a steady stream of living water. Always remember to increase learning, reduce pride, seize opportunities, and eliminate lazy life thoughts.

New ideas for the new year: I want a salary increase, a harmonious age, stable students, more freshmen and all the best. China people: In the body, family, grade and brothers, the key is income. Success is an idea, getting rich is an obligation and happiness is a right. Let us want to achieve something and look forward to 20xx!

Summary of Teachers' Work 4 Since joining the work, I have been down-to-earth and devoted to education, giving full play to my abilities in the practice of education and teaching, making continuous progress and upgrading myself. To this end, I have been trying to achieve the following aspects for many years:

First, be strict with yourself and set an example.

Since joining the work, I have made continuous progress in my thoughts, been diligent in my work, have the courage to innovate in teaching, and made remarkable achievements in education and teaching. Be strict with yourself and abide by the laws and regulations of the school. Unite colleagues, obey work arrangements, regardless of personal gains and losses, and think about the overall situation everywhere. Love students, and always educate and infect students with their words and deeds in education and teaching. Over the years, I have been insisting on improving my ideological quality, moral sentiment and professional ability to be a qualified people's teacher.

Second, strengthen training, strict management, teaching and educating people.

I have been a primary school Chinese teacher for a long time. In my teaching work, I can use the process of imparting knowledge to cultivate students' rigorous academic attitude. Through the understanding and application of knowledge, I can educate students how to be a man and make them develop good attitudes and habits in their studies. In the work of the class teacher, according to the actual situation of the students in the class and the requirements of the school work plan, we can carefully formulate the class work plan and do a good job in building the class cadre team. Go deep into the class to understand the students' ideological status and trends, and take timely measures when problems are found. Through home visits, on the one hand, we can understand the students' performance in the family, on the other hand, we can also understand the parents' requirements for their children, their opinions and suggestions on school work, improve and perfect school education and teaching, and at the same time, we can communicate with parents about their children's study, life and discipline at school. A theme class meeting is held once a week, organized by students themselves to cultivate their working ability, and at the same time, they are educated in ideological and moral education by using the theme class meeting.

Through the above work, most outstanding students have achieved excellent results in various exams. The cleanliness, discipline and learning situation in the class are among the best in the whole school. Over the years, students in any class have a strong learning atmosphere and pure class spirit, and they have all been rated as "excellent class collective". I have also won the honorary title of "excellent class teacher" many times.

In my teaching work, I can pay attention to the cultivation of ability according to the characteristics of Chinese education.

To improve students' Chinese quality, we should pay attention to cultivating students' self-study ability and good study habits, and give them learning methods to draw inferences from others. Especially after the promulgation of the new curriculum standard, I studied the new teaching materials and new curriculum standard carefully, understood and mastered the new teaching concept, changed the traditional education concept, deeply understood the students' reality and prepared lessons carefully. You can make full use of 40 minutes in class to achieve accurate expression, clear language, prominent points, scattered difficulties and carefully designed exercises. The form of practice is not limited to the requirements of books, but takes various forms to highlight innovative ideas and make students feel fresh. Pay special attention to the cultivation and improvement of two types of students. For gifted students, students are required not only to meet the requirements of textbooks, but also to pay attention to the cultivation of ability, problem-solving ideas, methods and skills on the basis of mastering the contents of textbooks, so as to improve their ability to solve problems by using knowledge comprehensively and improve their learning effect. For poor students, give priority to basic knowledge, give them more encouragement, build up self-confidence, affirm their progress and point out their bright spots. Through unremitting efforts, the Chinese scores of the classes I teach can be continuously improved. The passing rate of students' grades is over 94%, and the excellent rate is over 35%. They are always among the best in tests at all levels. They actively assisted students to participate in all kinds of Chinese knowledge and skills competitions at all levels and achieved good results. In 20xx, He Lin of Class Two, Grade Four won the second prize in the town's Chinese reading competition. Lin Jiongjian, a student in Class Two, Grade Five, 20xx, won the second prize in the town-level essay competition "Stay away from drugs and care for life". My teaching ability has also been praised by leaders, won the trust of parents and won the "excellent teacher" of the school many times.

The title of "advanced teacher".

Third, study hard and keep making progress.

In recent years, Chinese teaching has been continuously reformed and explored. With the reform and practice of new curriculum standard teaching,

Teacher Shi, in order to improve my professional level and master advanced teaching methods, I actively participated in teaching and research activities. I actively participate in every activity of the school or teaching and research group, and take the lead in holding open classes without delay, actively take the lead in carrying out teaching and research activities in the school, and make my due contribution to the teaching in the school. I have participated in many basic teaching competitions at all levels, and I can get good grades and get praise and rewards at all levels. In recent years, many papers have been published in teaching and research conferences in schools and towns, which have been well received. A preliminary study of Chinese classroom teaching in primary schools under the new curriculum standard written in 20xx won the first prize in the Fifth National Contemporary Basic Education System Paper Competition, the first prize in the selection of excellent teaching papers in Haimen City written in 20xx, and the second prize in Chaoyang District.

At work, I often ask myself to strengthen my study, constantly enrich myself and strive to improve my teaching business.

The ability to keep pace with the times. Under the guidance of the school leaders, I actively participated in the school's teaching and research activities and have always been a member of the Chinese teaching and research group of our school. I try to participate in various business studies and improve myself. From 20xx 1 year to 20xx 1 year, I participated in the correspondence study of Chinese education major in Zhaoqing University, Guangdong Province, and obtained a junior college diploma with good results. In order to better meet the teaching requirements of the new era, I also participated in the training of 20xx specialized course "Teachers' Academic Norms and Teachers' Academic Morality" and 20xx public course "Social Construction and Social Management Innovation", and achieved good results.

In the future education and teaching work, I will be based on reality, carefully analyze and study teaching materials,

Outline, study students well, strive for the support of school leaders, teachers and students, creatively do a good job in teaching, so that

Our job is to forge ahead, be more strict with ourselves, work hard, give full play to our advantages, correct our shortcomings, forge ahead, and dedicate ourselves to a better tomorrow.

Speaker: XXX

20xx 65438+ October 10

Summary of Teachers' Work 5 In order to improve the learning interest of underachievers, improve their academic performance and better transform students with learning difficulties, this work is summarized as follows:

First, find the breakthrough of transformation through heart-to-heart talk.

Through some in-depth heart-to-heart, I have a certain understanding of the psychology of every student with learning difficulties, so I have taken measures such as home visits, telephone spot checks, and the establishment of a home-school contact book to make a preliminary transformation.

Second, give them more opportunities to show their confidence.

First, I always pay attention to their actions in class. If there is anything wrong, I will gently walk up to them and remind them with different body language, so that they can feel psychologically that the teacher has been paying attention to me, and I must listen carefully. Secondly, in class, I will specially design some not too difficult questions for them and encourage them to answer. Make them feel the joy of success immediately, thus generating a little interest in learning and enhancing self-motivation in small gains again and again.

Third, change the views of other students in the class and rebuild the image for students with learning difficulties.

These students in the class have long been recognized as students with learning difficulties. When I educate other children, I should know the students with learning difficulties from a developmental perspective. They have made progress with the help of teachers and classmates. We should change their inherent ideas and make them full of confidence in their progress.

After a period of hard work, students with learning difficulties have made obvious progress. I also deeply feel that Jiang Hailong, a student from Class 3, Grade 2, has made remarkable progress. He often asks me many questions. He doesn't just sit in the classroom. Sometimes he can ask questions and study with his classmates. Every time I dictate new words on the blackboard, I can write many words correctly. I got 57 points in the mid-term exam and 62 points in May.

In short, students with learning difficulties need teachers' care. They are like a grass. Teachers' carelessness in language will directly affect their progress. Therefore, when transforming students with learning difficulties, we should strictly demand and pay attention to methods and ways. They are getting closer and closer to the whole team in our class now. I need more research and help to get them out of trouble completely.

Teacher's homework summary 6 How time flies! In a blink of an eye, a semester's teaching work is coming to an end. I came to the Year of the Loong again. In order to do a better job in the future, sum up experience and draw lessons, I summarized my work this semester as follows:

First, political thought: seriously study the new educational theory and update the educational concept in time. Actively participated in school-based training and made a lot of political notes and theoretical notes. The new form of education does not allow us to repeat lectures in class. In order to adapt to the development of education, we must have advanced educational ideas. So I not only pay attention to the collective study of political theory, but also draw nutrition from books, study hard and understand how to be a good teacher under the new situation.

Second, education and teaching: the key to improve the quality of teaching is to have a good class. In order to have a good class, I have done the following work:

1, preparation before class: preparing lessons.

2. Study the textbook carefully. The basic ideas, basic concepts, every sentence and word of the textbook are very clear. Understand the structure, key points and difficulties of the textbook, master the logic of knowledge, be able to use it freely, know what materials to supplement and how to teach it well.

3. Understand the quality of students' original knowledge and skills, students' interests, needs, methods and habits, and what difficulties they may have in learning new knowledge, and take corresponding preventive measures.

4. Consider teaching methods and solve how to teach students the textbooks they have mastered, including how to organize the textbooks and how to arrange the activities in each class.

5. The situation in the classroom. Organize classroom teaching, pay attention to all students, pay attention to information feedback, mobilize students' intentional attention, maintain its relative stability, stimulate students' emotions at the same time, make them have a happy mood, create a good classroom atmosphere, the classroom language is concise and clear, overcome the repeated problems in the past, ask questions to all students in class, pay attention to stimulate students' interest in learning mathematics, combine teaching with practice in class, assign homework, and reduce students' burden.

6. In order to improve the quality of teaching, we should also do a good job of after-school counseling. Primary school students love sports, are playful, lack self-control, often fail to finish their homework on time, and some students copy their homework. In order to solve this problem, we must do a good job in students' ideological education and use this work to guide students' learning, but we must also do a good job in counseling and helping students, especially in transforming underachievers, and strive to be friendly to underachievers. For example, from the beginning of praise, all people are eager to get the understanding and respect of others. Therefore, when talking with poor students, we should show deep understanding and respect for their situation and ideas, talk about our own shortcomings first, and then criticize the students.

7. Take an active part in lectures and class evaluation, learn teaching methods from peers with an open mind, learn from others and improve teaching level.

8. Love students, treat every student equally, and let them feel the care of teachers. Good teacher-student relationship promotes students' learning.

Three. Discipline, discipline

I strictly abide by the rules and regulations of the school, and will not be late, leave early and take the initiative to ask for leave. At work, respect leaders, unite colleagues, and correctly handle the relationship with leading colleagues. I usually work hard, treat people sincerely, love students and have harmonious interpersonal relationships. I never make unprincipled disputes, and I have always standardized my words and deeds at the request of a people's teacher, and constantly cultivated my comprehensive quality and ability.

Fourth, business education.

With the improvement of teachers' professional ability in the new curriculum reform, I managed to teach myself Chinese undergraduate courses and actively trained various modern educational technologies after teaching, and initially mastered the production of multimedia courseware.

Today in the 20th century, society has put forward higher requirements for teachers' quality. In the future education and teaching work, I will be more strict with myself, work hard, develop my advantages, correct my shortcomings, forge ahead and contribute to a better tomorrow.

Summary of Teachers' Work Report of 7 People in May

1, strengthening students' summer safety education, especially personal prevention education, hand, foot and mouth disease prevention education, lightning protection education and drowning prevention education; Continue routine escape drills on Wednesday; In cooperation with the county safety supervision, the campus facilities were comprehensively and meticulously inspected, and the damaged part of the classroom roof was repaired.

2. Cooperate with the town teaching and research section to listen to and evaluate some teachers and complete the screening of classroom teaching standard courses.

3. Do a good job in the daily management of the school and carry out a series of teaching and research activities and cultural and sports activities.

4. Seriously carried out the activity of "budding reading".

5. Organize teachers to learn teachers' morality and write learning experiences.

6. Carefully prepare for the celebration on June 1 day.

7. Transform the playground and campus environment.

8, seriously complete the work assigned by the superior leadership.

Second, June teaching work plan

1. Make a personal work plan, continue to do a good job in students' summer safety education, especially personal prevention education, infectious disease prevention education, lightning protection education and drowning prevention education, and continue to carry out Wednesday escape drills.

2. Do a good job in the daily work of the school, continue to carry out various teaching and research activities, and conscientiously implement the work of the school. Do a good job in classroom teaching and strive to improve teaching quality.

3. Organize students to read and write carefully and carry out "budding reading" activities.

4. Organize teachers to study the laws and regulations of teachers' morality in depth, and strive to improve teachers' professional ethics.

5, to celebrate the "June 1st" activities.

6, seriously complete the work assigned by the superior leadership.

Teacher's work summary 8 three-foot platform, life stage. A busy and full school year slipped away on this stage, with children reading aloud and smiling brightly. Another year, what have we paid? I dedicated my love and sincerity, sweat and efforts to my children. ...

A life without regrets, a career without regrets. I have a sincere heart, I love my job, my childhood, my school is my home. Then my life value is not disappearing, but constantly reflecting. In this school year, I can abide by labor discipline, stick to my post, attend various work meetings and political studies on time, and make records. Prepare lessons carefully, jump ship, actively participate in teaching and research activities, write teaching papers and educational stories. My educational story also won the second prize in the town.

Teachers belong to the human soul. Engineer. In this land of education, I work in obscurity, do my job well with a normal heart, and treat everything with a sense of responsibility and professionalism. Strive to complete the tasks assigned by the leaders and do a good job in the speech of the "class teacher forum".

Yes, I walked into the classroom with a happy mood, walked among the students with a smile, explained the truth in the book with my words and deeds, and guided them to swim in the ocean of knowledge ... In this way, those books that were superficial in my eyes became my knowledge garden with my children, and those noisy and playful classmates became my friends.

I am an old teacher, but I still undertake the tedious work of the head teacher. Love classes and students. When students' mood fluctuates; When students encounter difficulties in life and study, I always lend a helping hand, touch them with my enthusiasm, and help them overcome one obstacle after another with my sincerity, so that all my classmates are full of youthful vitality and the class is full of brilliant brilliance. If the students in our class can actively participate in various beneficial activities organized by the school, the environmental awareness of "loving my campus" has become a common practice, and actively carry out "bending over" activities, everyone will do it and bend over to pick it up. And guide students to beautify the classroom again and again, update the blackboard again and again, and train for gymnastics competitions again and again. Hard work pays off. With the joint efforts of teachers and students, we have won many school-level activity awards. Especially in the essay competition of "Honesty" and "Tobacco Control", students in our class actively contributed articles, among which the essay "Dude, you are really good" written by Z won the third prize in the city. The composition "Walking with Integrity" written by classmate Z won the first prize in the town.

The teacher's biggest headache is the word "poor student". In the eyes of students, poor students are nobody, but I think poor students are people. They are also flesh and blood, have feelings and have self-esteem. Poor students can't treat life the same, but they can also change. Therefore, I take effective measures to guide the poor students according to the situation: first, I use my spare time to "side dishes" to supplement their nutrition; The second is to pair the top students with the poor students and carry out the "One Help One" activity; The third is to find the bright spots of poor students and give them affirmation and praise in time. Let poor students laugh and sing together under the same blue sky. What makes me feel gratified is that poor students like Yang and Jiang Jinlong have also made great progress in their academic performance and their own quality.

A podium is our world and our stage. Every morning when the sun rises and every night when the sun sets, we work in obscurity on this stage and play a new song of "teaching and educating people"!

Summary of Teachers' Work 910 June13-10/0 On October 23rd, the Mathematics Teaching and Research Group of our school held the "Second Teaching Festival" for two weeks. Teachers prepare lessons carefully and listen carefully, showing their own teaching style.

The overall quality of the open class is very high, the teachers' teaching style is friendly and natural, the language is clear, the teaching design is reasonable, the organization is clear, the situation creation is emphasized, the achievement rate of classroom teaching objectives is high, the use of various teaching strategies is emphasized, and students are concerned. Students' classroom feedback is good.

New and old teachers have their own advantages: the old teachers are fully prepared before class, the teaching design and courseware are error-free, and the teaching is rigorous. The language specification is accurate, and the teaching style is kind and natural. Attach importance to teaching materials and be good at contacting students to explore and apply teaching materials. Strong ability to control the classroom and improvise. The teaching forms are diverse and open, and they are good at asking questions, guiding students to think creatively and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. Make good use of colorful praise methods to stimulate students' interest in learning.

Be good at creating various performance opportunities for students. Pay attention to students' learning process, their emotions, attitudes and values, and their sustainable development. Young teachers are enthusiastic in teaching and energetic in class, pay attention to the introduction of new knowledge, create situations, arouse doubts and guide interest. He is good at using various media to assist teaching and has strong courseware making ability.

New and old teachers have their own shortcomings. Old teachers give priority to lectures and practice, and students don't have enough activities. Although students pay attention to inspiration and guidance and are good at analysis, they encounter difficulties in doing their own problems because their ability to analyze problems independently has not yet formed. Teachers should let students explore or discuss solutions to problems independently. And our young teachers have obvious advantages in courseware making.

However, the three young teachers are not considerate enough in classroom design, pay insufficient attention to students, have a strong sense of dominance and lack of students' subjective consciousness. Insufficient teaching preparation, mistakes in courseware and lack of experience in open classes. As a front-line teacher, everyone knows that even if you think carefully when preparing lessons, there will always be times when you are not comprehensive. Especially open classes.

In case of unexpected situations, we should be decisive and improvise, and make choices when necessary to ensure the integrity and consistency of teaching. Incorrect language and imprecise teaching are also common problems of new teachers. Some teachers speak too fast in class. If we slow down the pace, pause more and give students more time to think and discuss, the effect may be better.

An inch long, but a foot short. Due to different applications, one foot sometimes seems short, and one inch sometimes seems long. Our old teachers and new teachers are like rulers and inches. I hope everyone can play their role in the right place, avoid their shortcomings and give play to their strengths. And we can learn from each other's strengths, so that we will not only become an excellent teacher, but also become a wise teacher.

Our mathematics teaching and research group is a down-to-earth teaching and research group. We don't flatter each other. We will sincerely point out the shortcomings of others and face up to our own shortcomings. Our young teachers are eager to learn with an open mind and grow rapidly. Our old teachers are experienced and can give their teaching experience to new teachers. I believe that in time, our young teachers will be better than you.

There are still some things that need to be considered in our math group in the future. For example, our summary is "concise" but not "wonderful". The new curriculum should take the problem as the platform, the lecture and practice as the main line, the double basics as the carrier and the development of students as the core. We need to pay more attention to the development of students. The integration of mathematics with other disciplines, the effectiveness of teaching, the emotional education in mathematics classroom and the cultivation of cooperative consciousness are all worthy of our study and consideration.