English: Xiangfan

Chinese pinyin: Xiāng Fán

(1) Geographical location

Xiangfan City is located in the northwest of Hubei Province, in the middle reaches of Hanshui River, and the rest of Daba Mountain in Qinling Mountains. It is divided into two parts by Hanshui River, with Xiangcheng in the south and Fancheng in the north. Xiangfan has developed traffic and has been the main traffic since ancient times. Known as "South Alley", "South Boat North Horse" and "thoroughfare of seven provinces". Calendar is a channel for North-South trade and cultural exchange.

After the merger of Xiangyang area in Xiangfan City, it now governs Xiangyang, Nanzhang, Baokang, Gucheng, Zaoyang, Laohekou and Yicheng. Total area 1.98 million square kilometers, with a total population of more than 5 million. Among them, the urban area is 326 square kilometers and the population is 550 thousand.

Xiangfan is an irregular square, which belongs to the transition zone from the second level to the third level of Chinese topography. The rest of Wudang Mountain in the west and Jingshan Mountain Range is a mountainous area, the hilly area between Dahongshan and Tongbai Mountain in the east and between Wudang Mountain and Tongbai Mountain in the north, which is known as "the hilly area in northern Hubei". Hanshui river basin and southern area are relatively open alluvial plains. The whole region has a subtropical monsoon climate, with an annual average temperature of 15- 160℃ and an annual precipitation of about 1000 mm, which has the climatic characteristics of the transition from north to south in China.

Xiangfan 1987 was declared as a national historical and cultural city by the State Council. The city has identified more than 200 cultural sites in different periods, some of which are the best in the world. 1990 ~ 1992, a Neolithic primitive clan commune settlement site was excavated in Diaolongbei, Zaoyang City. It is about 6000 years ago, with rich connotations and unique features, and belongs to a new cultural type. Before Qin and Han Dynasties, Xiangfan was the city of Shandong, Tan, Luo, Yan, Gu, Li, Sui and Tang Dynasties, followed by Chu, and after Qin and Han Dynasties, it was the central area of the three kingdoms culture and an important town in previous dynasties.

Xiangyang in ancient times has always been a battleground for military strategists. In the long history of 3,000 years, there are countless battles, such as the battle of charging Yancheng in Leitian, the battle of driving seven armies by Guan Yu, the battle of Zhu Xu's resistance to Fupi, the battle of Yue Fei's recovery of Xiangyang, the battle of Li Zicheng's occupation of Xiangyang, the battle of Zhang Zizhong's anti-Japanese Zaoyang, and the battle of Xiangfan in the Liberation War. In the meantime, talented people and celebrities are also like stars, which can be called a gathering of humanities stars. This is the birthplace of Wu Zixu, Song Yu, Liu Xiu, Pang Tong, Du Fu, Meng Haoran and Pi Rixiu, and the second hometown of Zhuge Liang, RoyceWong and Mi Fei. Long history, splendid culture and numerous talents. It has left many places of interest and anecdotes for Xiangyang, which is an ideal place to develop tourism.

Xiangfan has outstanding traffic advantages. "One Hanjiang River, two airports, three railways and highways extending in all directions" is a portrayal of Xiangfan's three-dimensional traffic by land, water and air, especially the expressway has developed very rapidly. The expressway with our city as the center is connected with the surrounding cities in a cross shape, which can be connected with the dawn of the surrounding big cities 1000 km. At the same time, it also provides conditions for the development of modern logistics and commerce in our city. Xiangfan is becoming the logistics center of northwest Hubei and the adjacent areas of Hubei, Henan, Shaanxi and Chongqing. Fancheng has Huayang Hall and Xiangcheng has Gulou Shopping Mall. There is a street brand store of Jiefang Road in People's Square; In addition, there are the famous crane market and Xinhua market, ranking 54th among the best commercial cities in China. Xiangfan is rich in human resources and high in labor quality. Scientific research institutes, institutions of higher learning, financial institutions, foreign-related services and medical units are relatively perfect, such as Xiangfan College and Central Hospital, which are first-class in northwest Hubei and its adjacent areas.

(2) History and culture

One of the oldest regions in China, 600,000 years ago, human beings thrived here. Xiangfan was called Xiangyang and Fancheng in ancient times. Fancheng was named after the Zhongshan House (Fan Muzhong) here, and Xiangyang was named because it was located in the sun of Xiangshui (now the South Canal). Fancheng began in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and Xiangyang was built in the early Han Dynasty. Since the first year of Xianping in the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 190), Muliu Biao in Jingzhou moved to Xiangyang, and Xiangyang has been ruled by officials, Taoism, prefectures, roads and counties. Xiangfan was founded in May 1950 and upgraded to a provincial city in June 1979. 1983 merged with Xiangyang in September, and the city and county system was implemented. 1986 65438+was approved as a national historical and cultural city by the State Council on February 8th.

Xiangfan has a history of more than 2,800 years, and the first ancient city pool in China is well preserved. Zhuge Liang, the embodiment of the wisdom of the Chinese nation, lived in Gulong, west of Xiangyang 13 km, for 10 years, and achieved the famous "front model", "back model" and "longzhong pair". Of the 20 stories in Romance of the Three Kingdoms/kloc-0, 3 1 story took place in Xiangfan. Song Yu, Du Fu, Meng Haoran, Pi Rixiu, Li Bai, Du Fu, Mi Fei and many other famous literati have made this land in Xiangfan more humanistic.

Xiangfan is rich in human resources and natural landscape. It is the birthplace of Yan Di Shennong, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, and Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty. With unique pagodas of national key protected cultural relics and the widest moat in China, it is called "the first city in China". Zhuge Liang worked in Xiangyang Longzhong for 10 years, and the story of Liu Bei's "three visits to the thatched cottage" happened here. Xiangfan is not only an ancient battlefield for competing with each other, but also a place where historical literati and poets gather. It gave birth to Chu poet Song Yu, Warring States statesman Wu Zixu, Tang poet Du Hao-ran, Song painter Mi Fei and other famous literati, leaving behind the footprints of historical sages and poets such as Li Bai and Du Fu, and leaving behind poems sung through the ages. Li Bai wrote in the poem "Xiangyang Qu": "Xiangyang is a place of enjoyment, with crowing and dancing, and a white copper embankment. Jiangcheng is green and the moonlight is charming. " In recent years, the city has vigorously developed the Gulong Central Scenic Area, which has been identified as a national scenic spot, built an antique street representing the folk houses in northwest Hubei, restored the Zhong Xuan Tower inscribed by RoyceWong, one of the seven sons of Jian 'an, and opened up the Xianshan Natural Scenic Area, Tanxi Wanshan Scenic Area, Lumenshan Natural Scenic Area and Dengcheng Ruins Scenic Area. Du Fu said: "Come back from this mountain, pass another mountain, go up from the south, and then go north-to my own town!" " . Wang Wei's "Looking at the Han River" is to integrate the Han Long River into the surging Han River, and to infiltrate the beauty of the Han River and the charm of Xiangyang.

[3] the status quo of the city

Xiangfan is a big city determined by the Ministry of Construction. Xiangfan has a land area of 1.97 million square kilometers and a total population of 5.788 million. Xiangfan covers an area of 3,563 square kilometers and has a population of 2 1.86 million. Among them, the built-up area is 100 km2 and the population is10.203 million. In 2005, the city's GDP was 60.2 billion yuan, the regional fiscal revenue was 8 1 billion yuan, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 8 1.50 yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers was 3 1.9 1 yuan. Xiangfan is the only big city adjacent to Hubei, Henan, Chongqing and Shaanxi, and Hubei Province is the second largest city after Wuhan, a national garden city, a civilized city, a sanitary city and an excellent tourist city. It has jurisdiction over three county-level cities, namely Zaoyang, Yicheng and Laohekou, three counties, namely Gucheng, Nanzhang and Baokang, three urban areas, namely Xiangcheng, Fancheng and Xiangyang, two national high-tech development zones and provincial-level Zhou Yuliang Tourism Economic Development Zone. In 2005, the city's GDP was 60.2 billion yuan, the regional fiscal revenue was 8 1 billion yuan, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 8 1.50 yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers was 3 1.9 1 yuan.

Xiangfan is a national historical and cultural city and an excellent tourist city in China. In the CCTV China Charming City Selection, Xiangfan stood out from more than 600 participating cities and was shortlisted as one of the "Top Ten Charming Cities". There are 36 national and provincial scenic spots in China, of which Gulongzhong is a national 4A scenic spot. Jin Yong, Feng Jicai and other experts and scholars evaluated Xiangfan as "a famous mountain and water city in the hinterland of China", which is a real city! The ancient city wall is still intact, the preciseness of the mountain and the danger of the river are not as thick as the imperial city. However, by borrowing a spring river, it won ten miles of scenery, attracted beautiful scenery from the outside and won the victory of humanity from the inside. It has been a gathering place for businessmen since ancient times. Now it has become an important transportation and logistics hub in the inland, and Xiangfan is an important automobile new city in the inland area. With the support of the municipal government, Xiangfan Bearing Factory has revived.

Xiangfan is also a new thermal power base, located at the intersection of coal transportation from north to south. The 4× 300,000 kW thermal power plant (Xiangfan Power Generation Co., Ltd.) with an investment of 5.2 billion yuan in the first phase has been put into operation, and the 2× 600,000 kW unit with an investment of 4.8 billion yuan in the second phase has been started in early 2006 and will be completed in 2007. Long-term planning of the third phase of 2× 600,000 kW units can form a peak-shaving power generation base supporting the Three Gorges Project. Textile, chemical fiber, grain, light industry, medicine and new materials are also the pillar industries of Xiangfan industry.

After the development since the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially the 26-year reform and development, Xiangfan has undergone earth-shaking changes and gradually become a city with distinctive industrial characteristics, obvious transportation advantages, strong scientific and educational strength and great development potential. This makes the people's wallets in Xiangfan swell, the roads in Xiangfan widen, the buildings in Xiangfan rise, the number of cars in Xiangfan increases and the environment in Xiangfan turns green. The change in Xiangfan just reflects that our party's support for the central region is on the right track.

(4) recent honors

In 2002, the largest bronze statue of Zhuge Liang in China was completed in Xiangfan, with a height of 20 meters. Standing in front of this 20-meter-high bronze statue of Zhuge Liang, people seem to have returned to the turbulent Three Kingdoms era and witnessed the elegance of this great historical figure. This bronze statue of Zhuge Liang, designed and produced by Professor Sui Jianguo, director of the Sculpture Department of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, weighs 35 tons and is currently the largest bronze forging figure in China. Zhuge Liang, also known as Kong Ming, was born in yinan county. According to historical records, Zhuge Liang went to Xiangyang with his uncle Zhuge Xuan at the age of thirteen to take refuge in Liu Biao. 1977 to 2007, Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Longzhong, Xiangyang and studied hard. In 2007, Liu Bei visited the cottage, and Zhuge Liang published the famous "Longzhong Dui", so he went out to assist Liu Bei and formed the trend of the Three Kingdoms. For thousands of years, Zhuge Liang became the embodiment of wisdom, and his legendary story was told by the world. In order to carry forward the history and culture, Xiangfan City has built a new Zhuge Liang Square in the northwest of the city and erected a bronze statue of Zhuge Liang, adding a new landscape to the ancient city.

In 2003, the Hubei Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government listed Xiangfan as the key construction development of "provincial sub-central city", which established the central position of our city in the whole province, stimulated the work enthusiasm of our municipal party Committee and municipal government, and improved the residents' sense of name pride.

On September 29th, 2004, the new high-end car "Teana" rolled off the assembly line in Xiangfan. Today, the annual output of Teana has exceeded 60,000, making it one of the most popular models on the market. This city is an important base for Dongfeng Company to develop heavy-duty diesel vehicles, light-duty vehicles and mid-to high-end cars, in which engines, medium-and heavy-duty axles and seats have begun to have core competitiveness, and the automobile industry accounts for about 60% of the city's secondary industry, and its proportion is still increasing.

In 2005, Xiangfan was rated by Forbes as one of the "20 Most Suitable Cities in China", ranking 4th. Further adapt the economic construction of our city to the process of China's modernization and promote the modernization of China.

In 2005, the Peking Opera "Xiangyang Mi Dian" achieved good results and won the prize in Beijing, which is also a Peking Opera repertoire with high ratings in our province!

June 5438+October 2005 10, Shenzhou VI returned triumphantly, and China's spirit did it one brace up. Xiangfan is not only proud of the space hero Nie Haisheng (Zaoyang [the county and city under the jurisdiction of Xiangfan]), but also the industry of Xiangfan, especially the military enterprise, has made important contributions to the Shenzhou series. In the Shenzhou VI spacecraft, high-tech products such as power source, seal, seat restraint device, double lifeboat, anti-sinking and cold-proof floating equipment of the escape system are all produced in Xiangfan.

In 2006, the 12th Hubei Sports Meeting was successfully held in Xiangfan, Hubei Province, which stimulated the sports craze of the people in the city. People's Square and Zhuge Liang Square have become good places for citizens to keep fit.

In 2007, the government's investment promotion work was further strengthened, and Wal-Mart, the world's largest supermarket chain, will also open in Xiangfan in 2007, which is the first time that Wal-Mart has opened a chain store in a secondary city in Hubei Province.

In 2007, Xiangfan participated in the activities between CCTV-5 cities and won the top ten in China, and participated in the international competition held in France with nine other cities including Shanghai. By then, Xiangfan will compete with Russia, France and other countries to enhance its international reputation!

On June 5438+ 10, 2007, the General Office of the State Council issued the Notice on the Policy Scope of Revitalizing the Old Industrial Bases in Northeast China and Developing the West in Six Central Provinces, among which Wuhan, Xiangfan, Shiyan and Huangshi in Hubei Province formulated preferential policies to revitalize the old industrial bases in Northeast China. This is another opportunity and a great challenge for our city. We must seize this opportunity to defend the title of "Second Brother" in Hubei.

(5) Folk art

Xiangyang Flower Drum, Torch Road Music and Folk Songs and Drums are traditional folk arts in Xiangfan. Xiangfan kohlrabi (that is, miscellaneous vegetables, which were originally cooked by Zhuge Liang when he lived in Xiangfan), double mushrooms rubbing his head and necking bream, Anzhulemeizao and Longzhong green tea are all famous dishes in Xiangfan. Breakfast is mainly butter noodles, tofu noodles, beef noodles, soybeans and yellow wine.

Best tourist season: spring, summer, autumn and winter.

[6] Some natural and human resources in Xiangfan.

1. About urban area and population

The total urban area is 1.97 million square kilometers, the urban area is 3,563 square kilometers, and the built-up area is about 1.000 square kilometers, of which the old town of Xiangyang is 2.4 square kilometers. The total population of the city is 5.788 million, the urban population is 210.86 million (including Yuyang district10.04 million), and the permanent population of the built-up area is more than 900,000.

2. About Xiangyang Ancient City Wall

The ancient city wall of Xiangyang was built in Han and Song Dynasties and rebuilt into a brick city, with a total length of 7,377m, in which the brick wall with retaining wall is 6,408m, with an average height of10.84m, the lowest point of 7m, the highest point of 1 1 m and the bottom width of13-15m.

3. About the moat

Xiangyang moat is 5060m long, 250m at its widest point, with an average width of180m and an area of 910000m2. It is the widest moat in China.

4. About Hanjiang River

Hanjiang River is the largest tributary of the Yangtze River, with a total length of 1.577km, which is 1.95km in Xiangfan. It flows through 26 towns (offices) in our city 1 county, 2 cities and 3 districts (laohekou city, Gucheng, fancheng district, Xiangcheng, Xiangyang and Yicheng). The average discharge of Xiangyang Hydrological Station in Hanjiang River for many years is 1200m3/s ... Xiangfan City is a channel with a class of five or above, which can be used for navigation of 300-ton ships; Xiangfan to Zhuandou Bay is a four-class waterway, which can handle 500-ton ships. The maximum berthing capacity of this port is 500 tons.

5. About the expressway

The expressway in our city is 270 kilometers long. Xiang-Shi Expressway: Xiang (Fan)-Shi (Yan) Expressway and Xiangfan section of connecting line are 98.53 kilometers; Xiang-Jing Expressway: Xiangfan section of Xiang (Fan)-Jing (Zhou) Expressway 57.15 km; Xiaoxiang Expressway: 91.09 km in Xiangfan section of Xiaoxiang-Xiangfan Expressway; Xiangfan section of Fan-Nan Expressway is 22.8438+0 km.

6. About tourist attractions (spots)

There are 13 A level scenic spots in our city, among which: AAAA level 1: Longzhong scenic spot; There are 4 AAA hotels: Migong Temple Scenic Area, Shuijingzhuang Scenic Area, Nanhe Small Three Gorges Scenic Area and Lushan Tourism Resort; 5 AA levels: fairview park, Baishui Temple Scenic Area, He Xiong Scenic Area, Wudaoxia Scenic Area and Tang Chi Gorge Hot Spring; Three A-class hotels: Xiangyang Wang Fu Green Wall, General Zhang Zizhong Memorial Hall and Xiangshui River Scenic Area.

Longzhong Scenic Area: Longzhong Scenic Area covers a total area of 209 square kilometers, including five scenic spots: Gulongzhong, Shuijingzhuang, Cheng 'en Temple, Qilishan and Hezichuan. 1994 was approved by the State Council as a national key scenic spot, 1996 was approved by the State Council as a national key cultural relic protection unit, and in 2006, 5438+0 was awarded the first batch of 4A-level scenic spots in China. Gulongzhong, the core scenic spot, is located in the west of Xiangyang city 13km, where Zhuge Liang practiced seclusion for ten years from 197 to 2007. There were memorial buildings in the Western Jin Dynasty, more than 1700 years ago. In the Ming Dynasty, there were "ten scenic spots in Longzhong": Sangutang, Gengtian, Xiaohongqiao, Ye Yun Temple, Liujiaojing, Laolongdong, Liangfuyan, Knee-hugging Stone, Gubaiting and Banyuexi.

Of the 20 stories in Romance of the Three Kingdoms/KLOC-0, 32 took place in Xiangfan.

Migong Temple Scenic Area: Migong Temple is located in the west section of Jiang Yan Road, fancheng district, Xiangfan City, formerly known as Mijia 'an. This is a shrine built in memory of Mi Fei, a painter and connoisseur of the Northern Song Dynasty. 1956 was announced by Hubei provincial people's government as the first batch of provincial key cultural relics protection units. Mi Fei (A.D.1051-kloc-0/107), formerly known as Kun, is also known as a scholar of Haiyue and Xiangyang. Zeng Guanli, foreign minister, is known as Min An Gong. Because of his behavior, he was called Mi Dian. Together with Cai Xiang, Su Shi and Huang Tingjian, they are called the four great calligraphers in the Song Dynasty.

Xiangyang wangmi green shadow wall: Xiangyang wangmi green shadow wall is located in the southeast corner of Xiangcheng. It is the shadow wall in front of Xiangwangfu in Ming Dynasty, built about 1440. The screen wall is 26.2m long, 7.6m high and1.6m thick. It has become a treasure in ancient stone carving art with its unique shape, exquisite carving and complex patterns. Now it is the only large stone dragon wall in China.

Guangde temple, Zhongyuan Ancient Temple: guangde temple was originally named Yunju Temple, which was built in Zhenguan period of Tang Dynasty. Located in the west of Xiangfan 10 km, the temple covers an area of 45,000 square meters. The multi-pagoda in the backyard, also known as the five-star pagoda, is of masonry structure, with a total height of17m and a tower foundation of 7m. There are five pagodas on the tower foundation, and in the center stands a Lama Pagoda combining India and Tibet, which is as high as 10 meter. Inside and outside the tower, there are 45 Buddha statues in stone carvings, 3 giant "Buddha" characters and 48 "Buddha".