Sodium is one of the important components in human muscle tissue and nerve tissue, and it is also an important inorganic element in human body. Sodium is the main positive ion in extracellular fluid, which participates in water metabolism, ensures water balance in vivo, regulates water and osmotic pressure in vivo, and maintains acid-base balance in vivo.

In addition, sodium is also a component of pancreatic juice, bile, sweat and tears. Sodium is related to energy production and utilization, muscle exercise, cardiovascular function and energy metabolism. Sodium also plays an important role in maintaining normal blood pressure and enhancing neuromuscular excitability.

Extended data

Absorption characteristics of human body after sodium intake;

1. The main source of sodium in human body is food. Sodium is absorbed in the upper part of the small intestine, and the absorption rate is extremely high, almost all of it can be absorbed, so the sodium content in feces is very small.

2. The absorption of sodium by jejunum is mainly passive, while that by ileum is mainly active.

3. The reabsorption process of sodium and calcium by renal tubules is competitive, so when the sodium intake is high, the reabsorption of calcium will decrease correspondingly and the urinary calcium excretion will increase. Because urinary calcium loss is about 50% of calcium retention, high sodium diet has a great influence on calcium loss.

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