As the base of commercial transportation, the airport can be divided into three parts: flight area, ground transportation area and terminal area. The flight area is the area where aircraft move; The ground traffic area is the area where vehicles and passengers move; The terminal area is the area where passengers register, and it is the junction of the flight area and the ground traffic area.

Airports come in different sizes. Smaller or immature airports usually have only one runway shorter than 1000 meters. Large airports usually have a runway longer than 2000 meters and will be paved with asphalt, but small airports may have grass, mud or gravel on the runway. Generally speaking, the bigger the plane, the bigger the runway. At present, the world's longest civil airport runway is at China-Tibet Changdu Bangda Airport, with a pavement length of 5,500m, of which 4,200m meets the 4D standard and is the highest runway with a height of 4,334m.