1, diet control? Should not be too strict?
Diet control is one of the therapeutic principles of diabetes, and it is also an important means for diabetic patients to reduce blood sugar and lose weight. However, we must know that with the increase of age, people's muscle mass is gradually decreasing. After entering the old age, if you continue to overeat and protein is not enough, it will not only lead to hypoglycemia and malnutrition, but also lead to sarcopenia syndrome caused by the continuous decline of muscle mass, strength and function. Patients may show fatigue, unstable standing, easy to fall, fracture and so on. In severe cases, you will lose your ability to take care of yourself. In addition, emaciation is an important risk factor for osteoporosis.
Therefore, elderly diabetic patients need not be too strict in diet control. In particular, it is necessary to appropriately increase the intake of protein, mainly high-quality protein, including animal protein (such as fish and pork). ) and soy protein (such as soy products, etc. ) plays an important role in maintaining muscle quality. Protein intake is usually recommended to be converted according to the patient's weight 1.0 ~ 1.3g/ day. However, when the patient is complicated with nephropathy, the intake of protein should be reduced appropriately.
2. exercise? Should not be too fierce?
Exercise therapy for diabetics? Troika? One, but the choice of exercise form and intensity varies from person to person. With the increase of age, the functions of various organs of the elderly have declined to varying degrees. Some elderly diabetic patients are also complicated with various heart and lung diseases, diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy and senile osteoarthritis. Therefore, when giving them exercise guidance, it is not advisable to exercise too hard and for too long to avoid cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents, hypoglycemia or falls and fractures.
Low-intensity aerobic exercise, such as brisk walking, Tai Ji Chuan, fitness dance, cycling, swimming, table tennis, etc., should be selected. Exercise intensity is achieved through the heart rate during exercise? 170? Age? It is advisable to speed up your heartbeat and breathing during exercise, but it is not urgent. It is easier after exercise and you don't feel particularly tired. The exercise time is about five and a half hours a week. If the patient feels unbearable and needs to reduce the intensity of exercise, he can consult a specialist and adjust the patient's exercise program.
3. sugar control target? Should not be too low?
The goal of blood sugar control needs to vary from person to person. Generally speaking, the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c) of patients with type 2 diabetes should be less than 7%, but the blood sugar control target of elderly patients with diabetes should be relaxed appropriately, mainly for safety reasons, because the risk of hypoglycemia in the elderly is high, and once hypoglycemia occurs, it is easy to induce serious cardiovascular events and even life-threatening.
Specific control requirements are as follows:
1. Those who are healthy and have a life expectancy of more than 20 years have no complications. HBA 1c
2. Healthy body, life expectancy 10 years old or older, with mild complications and a certain risk of hypoglycemia, HBA1c.
3. People with general physical condition and life expectancy of more than 5 years have a higher risk of moderate complications and hypoglycemia, HBA1C.
4. People with poor health and life expectancy less than 5 years will lose their ability of daily living, HBA1C.
The ultimate goal of controlling blood sugar is to prevent and delay various complications of diabetes, and we must consider whether we can benefit from it, rather than lowering blood sugar for the sake of lowering blood sugar. If we ignore all kinds of risks and blindly pursue strict sugar control standards, we will lose the significance of treatment.