Babylon and Persia have arid climates, and they attach importance to the use of water. The layout of Persian gardens is mostly centered on the pool at the crossroads. This technique was inherited by Arabs and became the tradition of Islamic gardens. It spread in North Africa, Spain and India, and after it was introduced into Italy, it evolved into various water laws and became an important part of European gardens.

2. Practical factors

In medieval Europe, gardens were built in castles of feudal lords and monasteries of churches. The gardens in the temple are combined with architectural functions, such as planting flowers in the square surrounded by the colonnade of the priest's residence, setting up a medicine garden in front of the hospital, setting up a vegetable garden in front of the canteen and kitchen, as well as orchards, fish ponds and leisure parks.

3. Culture and art

During the Renaissance, many villa gardens were built in Florence, Rome, Venice and other places in Italy. Taking the villa as the main body, using the hilly terrain of Italy, a neat platform is opened up, and shrubs are arranged layer by layer, which is trimmed into a patterned planting altar. Various methods of using water along the mountain, such as flowing springs, waterfalls, fountains, etc. Surrounded by a dense forest garden. This kind of garden is commonly known as Italian terrace garden.

4. Designer factor

France inherited and developed Italian gardening art. 1638, Bueso, France wrote the earliest monograph on gardening in the west. He believes that "if it is not organized and arranged neatly, then the most perfect things that people can find are flawed."

/kloc-in the second half of the 0/7th century, the French gardener Lenotel proposed to "force nature to accept the law of symmetry". He presided over the design of Versailles. According to the flat terrain of this part of France, he opened up a large area of lawns, flower beds and canals, and created a magnificent garden style, known as Lenotel style, which was imitated by many countries.

Expand the information of the development of western ancient gardens;

In the early days, it was a regular garden, characterized by axisymmetric or regular architectural layout, with marble, granite and other stone materials piled up and carved, and flowers and trees arranged as the main style. After the Renaissance, Italian terraced gardens, French classical gardens and English landscape gardens appeared one after another.

Since modern times, the purpose of humanistic gardening has been established and coordinated with the construction of ecological environment, and urban gardens, pastoral cities and nature reserves have emerged, leading the new trend of world garden development.

The tradition of European garden culture can be traced back to ancient Egypt. At that time, the gardens imitated the nature cultivated and transformed by human beings, not the geometric nature, so the western gardens began to develop along the geometric road.

Among them, ancient Egyptian gardens, ancient Greek gardens and ancient Roman gardens are the representatives, among which water, evergreen plants and colonnade are all important gardening elements, which laid the foundation for the gardens of 15 and 16 century Italian Renaissance.

In the 8th century, the Arabs conquered Spain, brought Islamic garden culture, and combined it with Christian culture in continental Europe, forming a unique garden style in Spain. As the symbol of life and the source of meditation in Arabic culture, water often appears in the courtyard in the form of a cross canal, representing four rivers in heaven: water, wine, milk and honey.

All kinds of decorations change delicately, and tiles and mosaics are the first choice for facing. This type of garden has greatly influenced American gardening and modern landscape design.

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