Flower drums and gongs were once necessary utensils for Zhu Yuanzhang villagers to beg for food.
"Say Fengyang, Taofengyang, Fengyang is a good place,
Since the birth of Zhu Yuanzhang, there have been nine famines in ten years.
Knock, knock, knock, choke.
Large families sell mules and horses, while small families sell idleness;
I have no children to sell, so I wander around with flowers and drums on my back.
Knock, knock, knock, choke. "
Delicate and sad melody, very emotional and intoxicating. Every time I hear this piece of music, I have a doubt. I really don't understand why Zhu Yuanzhang, as a founding emperor who knew a lot about politics, brought disaster to his hometown. How did he succeed in making his hometown people hate him and going all over the country to hack him? And it's been dark for hundreds of years.
? Zhu Yuanzhang is really a tough guy. The Zhu Ming dynasty he founded was the most car-scrapping dynasty in history. There is no ambiguity at all, that is, there is no peace, no peace, the emperor protects the country and the king dies. He killed political opponents and corrupt officials, and he was merciless and never soft. But Zhu Yuanzhang was extremely soft and warm to Fengyang's hometown.
? Zhu Yuanzhang really broke his heart for the development of his hometown. Fengyang is a county under the jurisdiction of Chuzhou City, Anhui Province. It is located on the south bank of the middle reaches of Huaihe River. Formerly known as Zhongli and Haozhou. After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang first changed the name of his hometown to high-end atmosphere: Fengyang (because it is under the sun of Phoenix Mountain), and then named Fengyang Zhongdu. In order to change the barren and sparsely populated situation of Fengyang after years of war, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered the relocation of140,000 rich households in Suzhou, Hangzhou, Jiaxing, Songzhou and Huzhou to Fengyang. Zhu Yuanzhang also followed the example of Pei County, the hometown of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bangenze, and issued a letter to exempt his hometown from taxes and made it clear that he would never levy classes. After the implementation of these mighty "imperial favors", Fengyang was really angry. The villagers are so happy that they don't know how to thank Zhu Yuanzhang. After learning that Zhu Yuanzhang liked to listen to Huagu minor in his hometown, they sang gongs and drums all the way from Fengyang House to Nanjing, the capital of that year, to praise Zhu Yuanzhang during festivals or holidays. The scene is still spectacular. At that time, the lyrics of Fengyang song were:
"Fengyang, Fengyang said, tambourine drumming.
Fengyang is really a good place, where the red dragon rises to heaven and Jin Fengxiang rises.
Count the stars in the sky. How many stars will there be?
Say Fengyang, say Fengyang, and beat the flower drum with your hand.
Fengyang is really a good place, with four seasons.
Rejecting corvee food, both sides of Huaihe River are happy. "
? Is it really ten years and nine famines in Fengyang history? Of course not. Fengyang has always been a state and county Taoist temple and a central city of a region in history. As early as the pre-Qin period, Fengyang was already a famous scenic tourist area. Zhuangzi and Keiko come here to visit, watch the fish on the bridge of Haohe River, and see the fish suddenly coming and going in the water. They were also interested, so they told a tongue twister that had been circulating for thousands of years. Zhuangzi said, "The fish are very happy!" Keiko said, "You are not a fish. How do you know that fish is happy? " Zhuangzi said, "You are not me. How do you know I didn't know fish were happy? Keiko added, "I'm not you. Of course, I don't know if you know that fish are happy. Similarly, you are not a fish, so you don't know whether the fish will be happy soon "... I feel dizzy. Let them have a look around, as long as we can laugh and be happy.
? So when did the lyrics change to "Since Zhu Yuanzhang was born, there have been nine famines in ten years ..."? After the demise of the Ming Dynasty, the Qing army slaughtered the unyielding people in Jiangnan for a long time and engaged in cultural colonization. The rulers of the Manchu Dynasty modified many folk customs of the former dynasty in the south of the Yangtze River to discredit the Ming Dynasty, so the blame was borne by Zhu Yuanzhang.
? Is Fengyang Flower Drum a simple begging tool? Of course not. Fengyang beggars have their own reasons. Zhu Yuanzhang used140,000 rich households to enrich Fengyang, and it was forbidden to escape. These people dare not violate the ban, but they want to go back to their hometown to visit relatives. They have to pretend to be beggars, play drums and sing songs in winter and return to Fengyang next spring under the pretext of the annual drought. No matter harvest or famine, they will go to Jiangnan to sing a song "Flower Drum" and then follow the custom.
"The sky is snowy and mother and daughter depend on each other.
I have tasted the sufferings of the world, and I am hungry and cold.
Drums and flowers, gentlemen passing by listen to me sing,
Qianshan is always short of water, so I will go back to my hometown. "
? As a kind of folk performing art, ancient painting was recorded as early as the Southern Song Dynasty. Fengyang Ancient Paintings was originally a folk song for villagers to entertain themselves while working in the fields. It is lively and interesting at any time and place, and it is also used as a song and dance performance to entertain the gods in civil society activities. Fengyang Flower Drum has been circulated and evolved at the bottom of society for a long time. The theme comes from daily life and production, and the content is close to people's life, depicting colorful and varied life pictures and showing the rich and delicate emotional world of the bottom people, especially Fengyang women. Fengyang is the intersection of the north and the south, which combines the dual characteristics of the north and the south in cultural customs, making Fengyang Flower Drum have unique regional characteristics and artistic charm. The spread of Fengyang Flower Drum has been expanding, and it has even crossed the ocean to Singapore, Malaysia and other countries. In the 1920s and 1930s, Fengyang Flower Drum began to appear on the screen as an episode of the movie Road. Teresa Teng also sang "Fengyang Flower Drum":
"Gong in left hand, drum in right hand, singing with gongs and drums in hand,
I can't sing other songs, but I can sing a Fengyang song.
Fengyang drum, eyah, ouch, gone with the wind,
Son floating, son floating.
A son floats, a son floats, a son floats,
I am unlucky, really unlucky, and I will never get a good wife.
His wife is as beautiful as flowers and jade, and mine has big feet.
Measure more than a foot. Oh, my God, it's floating.
Son floating, son floating.
A son floats, a son floats, a son floats,
I am unlucky, really unlucky, and I will never marry a good husband.
Her husband is an official and a government official, and my husband can only play flower drums.
Playing flower drums, eyah, woo, bang, fluttering,
Son floating, son floating.
Son floating, son floating, son floating. "
Playful and funny, flower drum lanterns with local flavor.
1976, the bright red handprints of Xiaogang Village 18 leaders in Fengyang County gave birth to the household contract responsibility system and started the rural reform in China. In the new period after the reform and opening-up, Fengyang Flower Drum mostly takes the theme of praising the policies of the party and the state in the new period:
"Say Fengyang, say Fengyang, reform drumming first.
Three big steps in three years, and now fly out of golden phoenix. "
? In 2006, Fengyang Flower Drum was selected into the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage and boarded the Times Express Fengyang Flower Drum. In the new era, Fengyang Flower Drum is more brilliant. The contents and forms of Fengyang Flower Drum are constantly innovating, and the adapted children's songs, square dances and aerobics are sung in every corner of China.
As a railway person, the author can't help singing the new development and new atmosphere of our railway through the artistic form of Fengyang Flower Drum:
The high-speed rail is fast, the track is long, and it flies like lightning!
Travel is fast and convenient, and I am very happy to walk around.
Knock, knock, knock.
Railway workers are full of enthusiasm, and railway leaders dare to take responsibility.
Harmony between cadres and masses, love to health!
Knock, knock, knock.