1974 The guide map unearthed from No.3 Han Tomb in Mawangdui, Changsha, Hunan Province is the earliest extant meticulous painting scroll of health-keeping movement, which was made at the end of 3rd century BC. The picture depicts the gymnastics movements of more than 40 men and women of different ages in color, with simple text descriptions. The number of men and women in the picture is roughly equal.

The guide map is not only early, but also very rich in content. It makes the graphic data of various guidance and fitness exercises that have not been completely lost in ancient literature become the earliest, and provides valuable clues for studying the development and change of guidance. From this, we can see several aspects about medical sports:

1. Breathing action: The breathing action depicted in Mawangdui's guide map is not exactly the same as the' placenta method' (Dantian breathing method) of ancient traditional acrobatics. There are two direct references to breathing in the title. Such as' Yin (Yang) Soul (Hu)' and' Laughing (Ape) Zheng'. In ancient times, "singing the soul" meant singing on a person's back, and "cage soul" was the whistle of an ape. The medical education network collects and arranges pictures in the form of chest enlargement and hands lifting, and its function is to strengthen the exercise of cardiopulmonary function.

Second, body movements: except for several squats and squats (sitting) in the guide map, others are vertical movements. At present, the eight movements in the fifth set of broadcasting exercises in China basically summarize the essence of the map. For example, the upper limb movements are "Dragon Lantern", the boxing movements are "Horse Show", the chest expansion movements are "Yin Quenching" and the sideways movements are "Mantis". There are "all-political" abdominal and back movements, "neck collar" and "eight-dimensional sitting collar" jumping movements, as well as kicking movements and turning movements with missing pictures and texts.