So, how can children write a good composition?
One. Enrich children's extracurricular content and let them experience happiness.
After the child finishes his homework, give him time to play and watch TV. Let children experience happiness while playing and watching TV. Will it be rewarding to play with children? I want to say that in fact, when a child plays alone, he is enjoying the process of playing. This kind of enjoyment is an inner experience in itself, and parents can let their children record this feeling. If a child plays with other classmates, he is experiencing his primary interpersonal relationship. Every student is a different individual, each with its own characteristics. In the process of playing together, all kinds of interesting things will happen. Even if there are contradictions, they have their own unique solutions. The process of children's play is their own growing life. Parents asked their children to record this bit by bit.
Learning to take notes is the basic condition for children to write a good composition. The recorded events are like the main ingredients of our cooking.
Second, better train children's observation ability and let them change their perspective.
How can I train? Parents should start from daily life, such as taking their children to the mall, showing them the layout of the mall and asking them where the layout is unreasonable; Let the children watch the salespeople sell the same things. Why do some salespeople sell more things while others sell less? Take children to exercise, let them see if there are any safety hazards in fitness equipment, and so on. In this way, the child's attention is now improved, and when writing a composition, what he has carefully observed will inadvertently emerge in his mind.
For example, when parents take their children to climb mountains, they must first look at the scenery at the foot of the mountain, what is the scenery on the hillside, and what do they see from the top of the mountain? For example, when mom cooks, what to do first, then what to do, and finally what to do. In this way, children will observe in an orderly way. Tell the children that everything is the same. As long as you compare each other in a certain order, from far to near, from outside to inside, from shallow to deep, you will find many different aspects of life.
Only when children have feelings can they increase the content of the composition.
Three. Better expand children's imagination and let children extend their space.
How can we expand? Seeing flowers, parents guide their children to think about what flowers symbolize and why they should compare their children to flowers. When a child falls down while walking, parents should explain to the child that the road of life will be bumpy. What should I do if I encounter problems? If you fall, you have to find reasons to stop yourself from falling, or you can't get up, and so on.
For example, when he saw a tree, his parents inspired him to think, why does this tree have such strong vitality in the face of heat and cold? This gradual infiltration in daily life will expand children's imaginative thinking, and the space for children's imagination will gradually expand.
Only by expanding children's imagination can the composition be richer.
Four. Better enhance children's expression ability and make children more comfortable.
Imagine that if a child's expression ability is too poor, even if he has many ideas, he can't write a composition. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance children's expressive ability. If there is a better democratic atmosphere in the family, children will have more freedom of speech. In this way, the child's spoken and written language can be effectively combined, and his expression will be more comfortable.
So, what specific methods are there to enhance the expressive ability? Yes For example, when something happens at school, parents must listen to their children patiently. If you feel that the child is talking backwards, parents should give necessary hints. If the child speaks incoherently, parents must not discourage the child from expressing desire. It is a good reward to actively cooperate with children and listen to their words.
For example, parents and children can argue about a topic together. Parents deliberately oppose their children in order to stimulate their potential more effectively. In this way, children can not only exercise their eloquence, but also learn to dig the depth of the topic. Then, let the focus of the debate become the topic of the composition, and the child will certainly record it more effectively.
Children can express themselves freely, and the composition will come easily.
Five. Better enrich children's knowledge level and let children accumulate effectively.
Parents choose excellent books and newspapers for their children, so that children can develop the good habit of reading and reading newspapers. In the process of reading, let the children find good paragraphs, sentences and vocabulary, and let them extract them. Parents are advised to prepare some notebooks for their children and then classify them, such as "character description" and "environmental description", so that they will be compiled into a knowledge base over time.
Also, after the child has read every article and book, let him write down his thoughts after reading it. In the process of writing a review, it is a re-digestion. At the same time, it also trains children's generalization ability, appreciation ability and the ability to consciously pay attention to the overall situation of the text.
A knowledgeable child will be a treasure trove of good compositions.
2. Diary and composition can be written the same, not quite the same.
Many people keep a diary every day as a way to improve their writing level (I also made a detailed introduction in my blog "How to make children write good compositions"), which is actually quite good, but if you don't pay attention, you will easily go into misunderstanding.
Let's first look at the four diaries written by this child:
Their Chinese teacher asked each student to write four diaries during the National Day holiday, so he wrote four "unique" diaries:
In the first article, he posted the train ticket to Nanjing in his diary and marked a line under the train ticket: Today, mom and dad came to Nanjing, the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, by train.
In the second article, he posted a text introducing the scenery of Xuanwu Lake in Nanjing in his diary, and finally wrote: My legs are sore after playing Xuanwu Lake all day today!
In the third article, he posted a ticket to Sun Yat-sen's Mausoleum in his diary and wrote a line: I have no impression except tired.
Article 4: He posted a return train ticket in his diary and wrote another sentence: I can finally have a good sleep.
There is no doubt that the child must have been criticized by the Chinese teacher and punished for rewriting.
In fact, there is a classic case where diary and composition are confused.
If only as a diary, these four articles are basically qualified, but if they are used as a composition or writing, they are obviously not enough. Because the requirement of keeping a diary is simple, the minimum requirement is a memo. If you can record what you saw, heard, felt and thought that day, it is also very fragmentary, and generally it will not be strung into a composition with only one central idea, so keeping a diary and writing a composition should be treated differently.
Many teachers instruct students to keep diaries from the beginning, simply telling them to write whatever they want. However, because students can't screen the content and find out what is the highlight of writing, they don't know what they should write at all, so some children will think of taking a shit and urinating, so they write without taboo. Some children can't help but record what happened in the day, from getting up at 7: 00 in the morning, brushing their teeth, washing their faces and eating, to going to bed at night, leaving nothing behind.
In fact, it is normal to keep a diary like this, and there is nothing wrong with it. Kiki has written many similar diaries. In her bookcase, the handwriting she wrote when she was 5 years old and some diaries she wrote when she was 6 years old are still intact. Now take it out and have a look. It's very interesting. Even she thinks it's ridiculous.
However, if the young diaries written by these children are slightly exposed and displayed in class, it may inadvertently bring many disadvantages. If the teacher doesn't pay much attention to some details, these children who just started to learn to keep a diary will be hit hard because they are not good enough.
Therefore, from a certain point of view, teaching children how to keep a diary should be done in advance, which is also a compulsory course for parents. Far-sighted parents will definitely let their children know the benefits of keeping a diary and the basic knowledge of how to keep a diary in advance, and will never wait until their children are in the third grade to make a hasty request.
Once children master the basic essentials of keeping a diary, they will not find it difficult to keep a diary, nor will there be a scene where they can't write a few words with a pen for a long time.
Therefore, it is a great writing training to ask children to remember to keep a diary every day and develop good habits. It's just that when we ask our children to keep a diary, we must divide it into two obvious stages. The first stage is a pure diary form, including the cases listed above, but four diaries are too simple. Of course, there are also excerpts, casual diaries (only a few words are recorded, and every sentence is not required to be coherent), emotional diaries and so on.
The second stage is to record a diary with highlights, that is, to take things worth recording, meaningful and special things or feelings as the main content of the diary, so as to naturally transition to the writing level.
The diary to be handed over to the teacher is the content extracted in the second stage. In fact, this is not a diary in the ordinary sense, but a composition in the real sense, which must be taken seriously. If under the above circumstances, the teacher can directly tell the students that "everyone should write four compositions during the National Day", and of course there are related requirements such as the number of words and the theme. If this arrangement is made, the students will not simply regard the diary as a composition.
Of course, when the diary is written, the good composition will gradually get closer to you. But there are some differences between keeping a diary and writing a composition.
3. The third day: How to guide children to imitate writing is the child's nature. Children are limited by knowledge, experience, emotion and other factors, and thinking in images is dominant. Therefore, imitation is their psychological need and one of the basic ways for children to learn a language.
Imitation is not a new term, but practical experience tells us that imitation can slow down the difficulty of students' writing, make them from reading to writing, never write but write, and transform vivid pictures of life around them into distinctive language and words, helping them successfully build a bridge between reading and writing and successfully complete the transition from books to life. Imitation writing is still an effective way to improve students' writing level.
"Diligent reading and writing, focusing on accumulation" is the foundation; "Practice a lesson and persevere" is the key. I mainly guide students to write from the following aspects.
First, fragments imitate beautiful fragments and distinctive fragments, which are the objects of our imitation. We study the article "Guilin Landscape" to describe the quiet, clear and green sentences of Lijiang River. After leading everyone to read aloud emotionally, I ask you, can you write a paragraph like her? The students look embarrassed.
I said, the teacher wrote a paragraph, let's listen to it. After listening to my words, everyone cheered and craned their necks.
I said, "Spring has come and the flowers are blooming. I walked into the park and was intoxicated by the scenery in front of me. There are so many flowers in the park. At first glance, the garden is full of colorful flowers, just like an ocean of flowers; The flowers in the park are really beautiful, red as chardonnay, white as snow and yellow as gold; The flowers in the park are really fragrant, attracting swarms of bees and butterflies. They danced among the flowers and couldn't bear to leave. "
Just after reading it, several students laughed. I asked, "What are you laughing at?" They said, "That's what teachers do. This is really like a photo. "
I said, imitation is also a writing method. You can write like me. In this way, the students are excited and eager to try. As a result, some students wrote that the dishes cooked by my mother were really delicious, from three aspects: color, fragrance and taste; Some people write that the weather is really cold, from three aspects: the bare branches of roadside trees tremble in the cold wind, pedestrians in the street shrink their necks, and even people's breath turns white.
Second, the structure imitates that primary school students often don't know how to express their writing, but it is difficult to write after thinking hard, because they don't know how to conceive an article, including how to start and end; At this point, if you give her a crutch to support her, she will tide over the difficulties smoothly. Model essay is a crutch to help students learn to write.
For example, the text "White Goose" is written in the order of "total score", which is very clear and is a model for students to imitate. After learning the text, you can guide students to describe the animals they are familiar with and like according to the structure of the text.
After understanding the writing method of the total score, continue to expand and practice writing other articles, and write articles about people, scenery and things, so that students can have rules to follow and it will be much easier to write. Thirdly, in the teaching of language imitation, it is found that many students' writing language is dry and lacking in literary talent, which is the reason why they apply what they have learned in Chinese learning.
There are many ways for primary school students to learn a language, such as word formation, sentence formation, reading or reciting. This will have a good influence on students' language, and parody is also a good way. The first volume of the fourth grade of primary school Chinese published by People's Education Publishing House contains a set of texts describing animals: Mr. Lao She's Cat and Chicken, which is naturally unpretentious; The White Goose written by Mr. Feng Zikai personifies the white goose, just like an arrogant general. Russia's white goose, humorous language makes people unforgettable for a long time.
The four articles have their own characteristics, which are typical works for students to accumulate language. To this end, after learning the text, we lost no time to guide students to practice: "My favorite little animal"; Someone I know.
Students successfully copied articles such as Little Pigeon and Puppy. Fourth, from parody to composition creation is an artistic representation of life, just transforming oral language into written language.
Therefore, the ultimate goal of composition is to guide students to write their own lives through their own pens, because life is the source of creation. Every child has a rich and colorful life content, but when writing, the brain is blank and there is no way to talk about it. It can be seen that he encountered difficulties in selecting materials.
At this time, the guiding role of teachers is very important. Taking the model essay as an example, on the basis of reading the article, let students turn their eyes from books to life and find their own shadow. It can help students to know life, know themselves and learn to choose materials, thus effectively completing the process of composition from imitation to creation.
In a word, imitation is the beginning of students' writing and the cornerstone of cultivating students' interest in writing, just like copying in calligraphy. As long as it is from easy to difficult, from shallow to deep, step by step, over time, students' reading level and writing ability will be improved simultaneously.
4. Can children read the model essay before writing a composition? I am a novice. Now in the fifth grade, the teacher suddenly arranged the pictures of the third grade to write a composition.
Look at the picture and write a short story, but the teacher asks for 600 words. Who can help? I'll tell you what this picture looks like first: the first picture shows a child writing a pile of homework, then holding a feather duster and smoking a cigarette and asking an adult next to him, "Dad, is there a school that doesn't have to write homework every day?" The second picture shows adults shaking their cigarettes and saying, "Now study hard, and you won't have to do it when you get to college!" " "The third picture shows a child crying and shouting," I want to go to college, not elementary school ... "The adult was sweating and threw a feather duster and cigarettes on the ground.
The teacher also said that you should write everything in your composition on the pictures. Who can help me? If you have written a composition, please ask questions. I wrote about 200 words. Who can help me expand it to 600 words? Let me show you the 200 words I wrote first. You are expanding: one day, Xiaoming wrote a lot of homework and was so tired that he was sweating.
I made another stack. While smoking, I asked Xiao Ming's father who was supervising him, "Dad, is there a school that doesn't have to do homework every day?" His father shook his cigarette and pretended not to understand his nonsense: "study hard now, and you won't have to do it when you go to college!" " "Hearing this, Xiao Ming burst into tears, and the house was about to be pursed by him. He cried and shouted, "I want to go to college, not elementary school ..." His father was sweating when he saw it.
How to make children write a logical composition is something that some primary school parents are very concerned about. Many parents are worried about helping their children write their compositions. In fact, parents' teaching is very helpful for children to write compositions. So, how should parents teach their children to write a good composition? Let's take a look at the guidance of some school teachers! 1~2 in the lower grades, as long as the children speak, they must be sure. "A good composition is definitely not just the accumulation of simple good words and sentences, but the transmission of thinking."
Li Jing, a teacher at Zhongshan Road Primary School, said. When children enter primary school, parents should guide them to talk about logic.
For example, parents take their children to the park to play, and the children say they have a good time. Parents can help him remember what he is most happy about playing together, guide the child to find out the key points of his speech, and then communicate around the center. Due to the limited level of junior children, parents can help their children when they practice writing. It's a good idea to let them express their views orally first. Parents are advised to write what their children dictate on their blogs, so that children can feel their parents' attention and get encouragement and affirmation.
"It is best for children to write by themselves, even short sentences with pinyin and Chinese characters." Li Jing said that parents should stay with their children when they are writing, and study their children's "works" with them when they finish writing sentences, so as to help them clarify the central idea.
Li Jing said that parody is also a good way to exercise junior children's writing. Parents can buy small poems that are easy for younger children to imitate. "Even if the child only changes a few words in the poem, parents should give affirmation and encouragement in time."
"Junior children's writing level is limited. As long as he dares to speak, his parents will affirm him and encourage him. Learning is a long process, don't be too impatient. "
Li Jing said. There is no need to worry about reading in the third to fourth grades of middle school. "Reading can expose children to a world they never knew, and it can also give children more insight into life."
Li Jing said that when children enter the third grade, they will formally start writing compositions. At the beginning, parents can give their children some model essays to imitate, and then they will gradually abandon them and write their own things. When children imitate the model essay, parents should analyze the thinking of the model essay with their children to help them develop their thinking and find another way of thinking and angle.
Li Jing said: "Real education is a slow art. Parents should not worry and let their children learn to write compositions from reading." However, if parents put composition on their children as a "task", it will inevitably imprison their children's thoughts. In the process of parents guiding their children to write a composition, parents should not give their children too many "frames" and should let them write what they think and know.
Parents should guide their children to pay attention to real life, regard reading as a part of real life, integrate what they have learned and what they have learned into life, and re-recognize life before writing down their own life. As for the syntax and composition of the article, this is not the focus of the third grade starting composition. Parents in grades 5-6 of senior grade should be reduced to the same level as their children. Liu, an excellent head teacher of Youyi Street Primary School, said that by the senior grade of primary school, children had accumulated some basic words. At this time, parents must not put too much pressure on their children.
"If parents see that their children are anxious to write a composition, this emotion will be passed on to their children, which will make them feel afraid of difficulties. If parents can't control themselves, let the children write by themselves. " When parents accompany their children to write a composition, they must put down their airs, become their children's friends and lower their level to the same level as their children.
"Parents should learn to discover and affirm the advantages of their children and praise him in time." Liu said that when parents instruct their children to write a composition, they are instructing rather than asking. Children can't accept their parents' guidance, but it will have the expected opposite effect.
"From the perspective of children, parents will find that there are many bright spots in children." Liu Ye shared a short story. A father started a game of "passing notes" with his children in order to guide them to write a composition. He talked with his son by passing notes, guided the children to fall in love with reading and writing through their own methods, and helped them sort out their writing ideas. They also sorted out the father-son dialogue and recalled it with their children from time to time. Father and son are more like friends.
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6. How do parents teach their children to keep a diary? 1. Protect children's hazy interest in diaries
Parents should leave their children's diaries alone and encourage them more. They should be good at digging out the bright spots of children from one word and one sentence. They should get into the habit of reading to their parents after each diary. Parents should encourage them, no matter whether they are good or bad, and must not throw cold water on them. They should protect their vague interest in diaries just as they cherish fragile eggshells.
Second, help children choose materials.
Third, modify the diary.
The key for children to keep a diary lies in whether there is a simple beauty in language. The processed, modified and polished adult accent is the enemy of children's diaries. Parents should guide their children to dictate what they see with their own eyes and hear with their own ears. * * * What children want to say is two principles to ensure that children's diaries will not go astray in the future. Then, after the child writes the diary, all we have to do is listen to the child.
Fourth, seduce persistence.
7. How parents guide their children to keep a diary can not only improve their writing ability, but also improve their ideological understanding and cultivate good habits that are strict with themselves.
So, how can we keep a good diary? There are two ways to guide students to write a good diary. First, cut and paste the diary. Cut and paste newspapers, tickets, park tickets, live photos, film and television dramas, and exhibition tickets into a diary, and write down notes or short thoughts on the side or back.
The best answer-it was chosen by voters two months ago. Although "practicing writing more" (keeping a diary) is also a requirement of the new curriculum, it is not easy for students to like writing from the beginning, and then they will write and love writing. Teachers need careful guidance to make students feel the joy of writing diaries, not as a task, but as their own needs and enjoyment, so that the role of diaries can really be brought into play.
This semester, as an experimental class of writing for teachers and students of new education, I mainly instruct students how to keep a diary, focusing on what to write, and let students develop the good habit of keeping a diary. Now, let's talk about some of my gains this semester.
First of all, clarify the benefits of keeping a diary. Students don't like writing compositions, much less keeping diaries.
Therefore, after receiving the notice that teachers and students in our class are going to write a composition, I am really a little worried. What if students don't want to write? So I thought of many ways to make students interested in this diary first. In order to stimulate students' interest in keeping diaries, first of all, I told them that our class is very glorious. The whole school chose four classes as experimental classes, and our class is one of them. This is a very glorious thing, and keeping a diary mainly does us a lot of good.
Don't think that diary is a simple applied style, but it has a long history in China. It has a history of more than 2,000 years since the earliest "Divine Rites" by Ma Dubo in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
There are countless diaries in past dynasties, such as Entering Shu by Lu You, a great patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, and Xu Xiake's Travels by Xu Hongzu, a famous geographer in the Ming Dynasty. These diaries are famous not only at home, but also abroad. Luxun, a great writer in modern times, Zhu Kezhen, an outstanding scientist, and Xie Juezai, a famous revolutionary, kept diaries all their lives for decades, the longest of which was more than one million words.
The role of diary should not be underestimated: First, it can be recorded for future reference. When we grow up, we gradually forget a lot of things. Diary can record every bit of our life. When we forget something, we can learn about it by opening it. Second, it is beneficial for individuals to improve their self-cultivation and temper their will quality.
Some people like calligraphy, others like painting, because it can cultivate people's sentiments, and so does a diary. As long as you can keep a diary, then you will have perseverance and so on; Third, it can be a treasure house for accumulating knowledge and information.
Usually we pay attention to the accumulation of knowledge, and we should write down good words and sentences when we see them. Then keeping a diary also has the advantage that we can write down the knowledge we collected in one day, which is more specific; Fourth, it can be used as an important means to practice writing.
A diary doesn't need any rules. It can write whatever you want, and no one will ask you. Many of our celebrities like to keep diaries since childhood, such as Lu Xun's diary, which has become a precious theme in the history of new literature; And "Lei Feng Diary" has become a textbook for ideological quality education; Darwin's diary of scientific investigation is an important scientific document ... Therefore, it is not only beneficial for primary school students to keep a diary since childhood, but also to strengthen their ideological cultivation, exercise their observation ability and enhance their expression ability. So why not do it? After my explanation, the students are eager to try and are in high spirits.
Students' interest in keeping a diary has come up, and it will be easy to do next, but we should also teach them how to write and what to write. First, master the method of keeping a diary. There is a way to do everything in the world, starting with a key, crossing the river by boat and keeping a diary, but I didn't tell the students how to keep a diary at first.
After a brand-new diary was delivered to them, everyone was very happy and asked me what to write. So I told them to write whatever they wanted.
After the second day of teaching, the students' diaries were varied and well written. So I said to them, this is your diary, and you can write as you like.
But after a few days, some students said they didn't know what to write, as if there was nothing to write. At this time, I began to guide students, mainly from the following aspects: 1 What can I write in my diary?
(1) is to write an observation diary. Observation is the window to know things, the basis of writing, and the bridge for us to turn materials in daily life into articles. Only by observing the things around you systematically and carefully can a person obtain a lot of perceptual materials.
The depth of observation is directly proportional to the quality of the article. To this end, I ask students to pay attention to all kinds of things at ordinary times and form the habit of observation.
For example, write about your progress and achievements, affirm and encourage yourself, and let yourself clearly see a series of footprints on the road ahead, winding, deep and shallow, but always extending forward; For another example, write down your own understanding and feelings about social phenomena, write down some new things of truth, goodness and beauty and strange things of falsehood, ugliness and ugliness that you have heard and witnessed in the big family of society, find examples from them, realize the truth of life, and urge yourself to gradually form a correct view of love and hate; For another example, the beautiful scenery of the four seasons constitutes a unique watercolor scroll, which attracts students to write wonderful symphonies in their diaries; The colorful astronomical phenomena give students a lot of enlightenment and lessons, and stimulate their enthusiasm for exploring the mysteries of the universe; Magnificent rivers and mountains arouse students to draw colorful landscape paintings with strokes; Colorful plants make students relaxed and imaginative; Lovely animals attract students' hearing and touching their hearts with their colorful postures, bright colors, strange behaviors and beautiful songs. After training in the second semester, I was surprised to find that my classmates found many shining things in their ordinary lives and wrote many excellent works.
Of course, observing the diary requires careful observation and eyes.