Sacrificing Aobao can be considered as Mongolian Aobao, which means making piles or bulging bags, and it is one of the activities offered by Mongolia. Aobao is generally located in high mountains or hilly areas. The rock rushed down a solid conical tower, and a pole was stretched out from the top of the tower, with livestock horns and warp bars tied to its head, and four people stood on the burnt xipu cushion stone; Beside Aobao, whole sheep, koumiss, butter and cheese were poked with branches. During festivals, ancient wizards drum spells, offer sacrifices and pray; Lamas burn incense and light fires. In modern times, they sing hymns. Go around Aobao herdsmen and turn left to right for three times. God bless you. Mongolian herders follow the ancestors of primitive religions, the tall and majestic mountains and the mountains with path to god, and fantasize about the places where gods live. Therefore, they expressed the form of worship of Aobaoshan Mountain and prayed for the traditional festivals of Mongolian gods, such as heaven. Sacrificing ancestors, burning fire, offering sacrifices to Aobao and offering sacrifices to Aobao are the most important festivals, which are one of the manifestations of grassland people's worship of natural thought. Aobao in Xilin Gol League is a well-preserved historical relic area.
Etiquette and custom:
Mongolian tourists, whether acquaintances or strangers, always greet each other warmly: "He Saiyin 100." (Well), the host's right hand was slightly bent on his chest, and the guests entered the yurt. The whole family sat with guests from all over the country and asked questions like themselves.
Usually after drinking milk tea, the hospitable and generous host is always sweet cream, milk skin, mellow milk wine, fried crisp fruit and fried rice, tea, cheese and unique grassland flavor hand-grabbed meat. "The guest is in front, and the guest is drinking heartily." If the host and guests often drink milk jugs for health care, and sometimes sing Hada's welcome and friendly songs to persuade the wine to show special respect, the guests will be happy to drink a glass of water. When you meet a banquet or festival, you are always at the whole sheep table. Mongolians call it a "black check", which is also called "between Hughes and Leeb". When the guests say goodbye, it is often the time in the hands of the family, specifying the path and saying, "White B is also a day!" "It's too dark in White B day, check Genoa (I hope we can meet again happily)," A Mu Day, Saiyin, Baba! "Have a safe trip.
Hada: Hada Tibetan transliteration. Frequent shuttle, gifts, sacrifices, Chinese New Year, tribute, congratulations. Such a long time of etiquette. "Polo" Mongolian China Lunar New Year and the proposal of the other party to hold a golden jade and white silk gift.
Handing snuff bottles: Mongolian guests have an ancient custom. Hospitality hosts often take out a delicate small hot pot, like porcelain, which is filled with snuff for the king's guests with a keen sense of smell. There are also certain rules for the transportation of snuff bottles. If you meet your peers, hand them over to the pot with your right hand or raise your bow to exchange, then pour each small piece of snuff, put your finger on your nose to smell the smoke, products and finished products, and then exchange. When the elders meet the younger generation, they bow slightly, and the right hand pot is not crisp enough for the younger generation. With both hands, they hold up the smell separately and then exchange.
Mongolians are used to riding horses and visiting herders by car. Ride slowly near the yurt, so as not to disturb the cattle entering the yurt. It is considered disrespectful to put the whip and stick outside, such as in a cloth bag. Yurt, don't get on the bus, Ma. You have to wait for the master for a while, and then get on the bus. There is a stranger in the bag, the host bends the tea, and the guests should bow their heads and pick it up with both hands. Wrap the place for offering Buddha in the northwest corner, where you can't stretch your feet. You shouldn't use pipes or fingers. Don't touch the feet of the stove, don't touch the feet of the fire, and don't insult Vesta. Mongolian yurt, if the patient wraps a rope around the left door and the rope head is buried underground, it means that the owner can't be hospitable and tourists should not come to the door. customs
age
The most important festival in Mongolia is China New Year, which usually comes on December 15, and people begin to prepare for the New Year. Too young. 1Feb. 23rd, the whole family or friends have dinner together to entertain Vulcan.
From the 30th to the 5th day of the twelfth lunar month, it is the happiest day to celebrate. As night falls on New Year's Eve, people gather at home, and the eldest son begins the "day" (party) of New Year's Eve. The whole family likes to celebrate New Year's Eve. At the New Year's Eve party, we should prepare "pot" hot pot, tea pot, sheep back pot, three pots with a pot of broth. At least three songs were sung at the party.
Revenge, start a new year, first of all, heaven. Leaving one or two elderly women on the front page, the rest will put on their best holiday clothes, carry silver pots of tea, milk and food, come to snow-covered Aobao to make a fire, and then kowtow and pray for good weather and safe farming. Then spend the New Year at home. The greeting card bows to the elders of the younger generation. The old man holds Hada, male, with a slight silk. Colorful silk bows to the elders. Young people, children and grandchildren get food and money.
After the Chinese New Year, the first most advanced family in the family offered at least two eulogies, three songs and outstanding singers to worship the New Year's Eve. After the boss got the news of arranging Hada's milk food and dishes, the singer held Hada in his arms and let other singers taste the fresh milk on the plate.
Living custom
(1) clothing:
Boots: Mongolian boots, riding boots and two Mongolian boots, riding boots, riding boots and cotton boots. Black cowhide, personal purple is very delicate, and young people wear riding boots. Mongolian boots (fragrant cowhide boots) generally have slightly upturned pointed boots with patterns, embossed patterns, some in the leather and some in the leather, with wide boots and felt socks.
Clothing: Mongolian men, women and children like to wear robes. This kind of robe, the length of the wide sleeves. The left and right sides are generally not forked, and the lower end of the right button has a high collar. The neckline, cuffs and edges of dresses are often decorated with beautiful lace, and the color of robes varies from person to person due to seasonal changes.
Belt: You must wear a Mongolian robe, some cloth, some satin, five meters long, and the color is in harmony with the dress.
Jewelry: Generally, women in pastoral areas don't wear hats, and they are wrapped with red and green silk heads. Men wear hats in summer and sheepskin, fox fur hats, pointed ears or grassland hats in winter. Mongolian women's jewelry, festivals, festive banquets, headdresses for visiting relatives and friends. Many different types of decorative materials are also due to the poor and the rich. More luxurious, more than agate, pearls, precious stones and gold and silver.
(2) Diet:
Mongolian diet can be roughly divided into three categories, namely meat, milk, grain and food. Three meals a day, 2000 thin, usually fried rice at noon in the morning, drinking milk tea foam, milk food, braised pork, and cooking mutton at night.
Meat: Beef and mutton are the most common and popular foods in Mongolia. Especially willing to eat mutton and braised pork. There are many ways to eat mutton. Vulgar pickpockets "and" sheep "are also called sheep backs.
There are three main kinds of drinks: tea, also known as Mongolian tea. Mongolia is the most popular drink. You should drink milk tea, yogurt: fermented mare's milk and fermented cow's "lattice" for three meals a day, adding coolness and thirst quenching and rich nutrition to the goat tower. Milk wine, also called Mongolian wine. Pour the fermented milk into the pot and boil it. After distillation, it will lead to transparent and mellow koumiss.
Milk food: Mongolia is called Chagan Freud, which means pure and auspicious. Six: white electricity oil, butter, evaporated or disinfected seeds, milk, tofu, cheese, milk, fruit and dairy food.
Its style: "Ge" koumiss (commonly known as koumiss) is a precious drink of Mongolian people at various parties and banquets. Screen components always swipe their own cards, livestock production, to celebrate harvest and good luck. According to Kyle Polo, Kublai Khan served the guests as a golden bowl at the royal banquet.
Wine Mongolia: Mongolians mainly drink Mongolian wine, which comes from the so-called "strong milk wine". Mongolian wine is mellow, colorless and transparent, and less sick. Blood is extracted from milk. Mongolian wine drinks gas, and young people and old people drink it. The history of Mongolian milk wine, according to historical records, is that Mongols only call it Jin Temujin. People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded in 1206. This kind of wine revels on auspicious days, adding a festive atmosphere. 127 1 year, Kublai Khan's Mongolian wine is particularly rich. However, more than 700 years have passed, and the Mongolian wine produced by the original process has not changed so far.
(3) Life
This is a yurt house with a round spire. Usually one or two are covered with blankets. Mongolian yurts are called houses of Manchu and Mongolian herders. The full meaning of "bag", "home" and "home". It was called "vault" and "yurt" in ancient times.
There are two ways of yurts. Pastoral summer, migration, semi-fixed winter camp Mongolian called "Urgogol" migration package.
The yurt resistance is in the snow, there is no snow and there is no water bag. When it rains, the edge of the top door and the ground are cold and easy to invade. The thin root of the packaging louver is equivalent to a yurt wall that is pulled into a circle by the link of wooden sticks and cowhide ropes. It can be moved and folded, and can also be used as the top skylight of the car board, and can also be illuminated by smoke exhaust. Production customization
Herdsman is an indispensable means of transportation. All grazing, visiting relatives and friends, and going out to work need horses. Horses are not only strong and stable, but also have strong resistance to extensive farming and suffering. One day, up to 1 150 kilometers. Young and old herders ride horses,
Le Che Le, also known as the "prototype", has four or five wheels with the longest diameter of one meter. The axle wheel is made of birch, elm, hardwood and long hood, which is generally equivalent to half the length of the car body. Can pull water, can carry yurts, can transport, can refuel for weddings and weddings, and can adapt to grasslands and deserts.
The car body in the warehouse is placed in a wooden rectangular door cabinet, sealed with metal or surrounded with leather to prevent wind, water and moisture. This cabinet can store food, meat and other necessities.
A waterwheel is fixed in a big wooden bucket or iron bucket, and each bucket is used to pull drinking water, usually water.
The main means of camel transportation in desert areas, especially in winter, herders are willing to graze camels, ride warmly, endure hard working days, drink water and go on the winter road without feeding grass. Processing mainly depends on camels in the desert, and hordes of camels can often be seen. Has the sea level risen? Sand and camels are called "ships in the desert".
Etiquette custom
(1) Aobao: the symbol of roads and boundaries, which distinguishes the direction from the role of administrative divisions. Sacrifice to Aobao, mostly in lush, fat cattle and sheep, June, July and August. In Aobao ceremony, branches are inserted, colorful cloth or paper flags are hung on the branches, and the poems written on the flags provide etiquette, such as blood sacrifice, wine sacrifice, fire sacrifice and rain sacrifice.
(2) Blood Sacrifice: Slaughter the cattle, horses and sheep raised by yourself and sacrifice them to Aobao. For a long time, this provided a way, and now there is another place. According to legend, in the nomadic era, Mongolian herdsmen's cattle, horses, sheep and other livestock for their own survival, is the favor of nature, worship the gods, to slaughter livestock in return.
(3) Wine Festival: Pray for peace and happiness before dropping a drop of "Aobao" on spilled milk and cream. The custom of this ceremony, but there is also a long (Mongolian) secret history called "wine note ceremony", because in some places, you can still see that it means that God not only drinks meat, but also drinks milk.
(4) Before the fire sacrifices Aobao, many dry branches or many cattle, horses and sheep dung were burned. During the ceremony, every household approached the stove, thinking about their surnames, making sacrifices, and told Buluma clam to roast the whole lamb and throw it in the fire, and the better. Mongolia believes that clean fire can drive away evil with fire.
(5) Yuji: Ancient jade is expensive, and it is often a sacrifice. In the past, Mongols offered sacrifices to Aobao, which was the sacrifice of this ceremony. No one sacrifices Aobao now.
Entertainment custom
(1) Horse racing: the most wonderful traditional sports and entertainment activity on the grassland. Our journey is usually 50 to 70 miles. Racing drivers don't wear boots and socks, but only colorful clothes, headgear and red and green ribbons. They are light and brave. At the right time, horses galloped and raced, showing skillful riding.
(2) Wrestling: In Mongolian wrestling round in autumn, the number of wrestling doubles on any part of the ground above the knee is 8, 16, 32, 64, etc. , and the total number cannot be odd. The wrestler wears loose white trousers (Tesla), and then puts forward a BMO nail or copper nail embroidered with various animal and flower patterns, a chapped jacket skin, a top nail (Zhuo power grid), a round silver mirror or the word "auspicious" in the middle of his back, an apron made of red, blue and yellow silk at his waist, and ancient manganese boots or riding boots at his feet. Winners often wear colorful cloth tops around their necks.
(3) Archery: Mongolia was first used for military training and later renamed as entertainment. Static shooting and riding shooting.
(4) Dance and Music The folk musical instrument that the Mongols particularly like has been circulated for over 1300 years. Dance and herdsmen love dance and music, and dance and music have special feelings. Music, music is great. Someone described it this way: "The description of grassland and Ma Touqin's melody are more expressive than the colors of painters and the language of poets.
(5) Music and dance: Mongolian songs and dances have always been called. Whenever banquets and festivals are celebrated, they often sing one after another. Singing ancient folk songs and stories, singing the vision of rich and beautiful grasslands for a better life in the future. Mongolian songs, long at the end of the year, high-pitched and passionate songs rhyme whether the sentence at the beginning of the sentence is the end of the sentence. Generally, banquets, festivals, weddings and musical instruments are two, four and Xiao.
(6) "Haolaibao": a unique folk art form of Mongolian folk songs, which is a kind of rap art ... It has a fixed melody and lyrics. Generally, there are two kinds: duet or question and answer. Rappers can not only play and sing, but also have the ability to sing knitting, national style, theoretical characteristics and local characteristics. Now in Xilinhot, they sometimes perform "Haolaibao" on the stage, with different numbers, self, play, flexible code, form and beauty.
(7) Mongolian chess: such as chess, chessboard and chess pieces. The chessboard is divided into 64 small boxes with 32 chess pieces in each box, which are divided into two shades, each box is 16, and Noyan (vassal) Hatun (queen), also known as Borris, has two rough black (sons) 8 in each box, which are Hazaga (car), camel and horse. In chess, the white side goes first, and then the two sides take turns to move forward and eat each other's pieces. Before stopping, there were "King-Car Translocation" and "Eating the Way of Samurai". Soldiers' upgraded computers reach the other side in thick black, and the last square can be turned into any chess piece belonging to them and eaten. When playing Mongolian chess, you can't eat the black (lonely) of Wu Nvqin. The "King" was given by the other side. Even in Shu Qi, both sides left the "King" or both sides left single camels of the same color for reference.
(8) "Shaga" Nadam:
Shajia, sheep ankle. Shaga has many ways to play. Kuanshajiatong is called "better Nigeria" (sheep), wide concave tooth horse (goat), narrow convex is called "Maori" (horse), and narrow concave is called "black sun" or "special model" (cow or camel). Shaga is called "Wenggao", but it is called "Qualcomm".
(9) "Nadam" conference is a traditional festival with a long history in Mongolia, which is held in July and August every year. In Mongolian, "Nadam" means entertainment and games, which originated from wrestling, archery and horse racing, and became a grassland for celebrating harvest, exchanging goods, holding grand parties and holding traditional folk sports activities.