1, Introduction

Puyang is a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Henan Province, located in the northeast of Henan Province, in the plain of the lower reaches of the Yellow River, with latitude of 35 20 ′ 0 ″ ~ 36 ″12 ′ 23 ″ and longitude of1/4 52 ′ 0 ″ ~16 ″ It belongs to temperate monsoon climate; Hepu Expressway closely connects Hebi and Puyang. The total area of the jurisdiction is 4 188 square kilometers. It governs five counties, 1 district, 1 national economic development zone, 1 industrial park, 1 urban-rural integration demonstration zone; The total population is 3,940,600, and the permanent population is 3,62710,000 (at the end of 20 16).

Puyang was called Yushan in ancient times. According to legend, Zhuan Xu, one of the five emperors, used it as the capital, so it has the reputation of imperial city. In the Spring and Autumn Period, it belonged to the State of Wei. 1949, Puyang Society was established. 1952, under the leadership of Henan province. 1983, Puyang city was established.

Puyang is the location of Zhongyuan Oilfield, an important national petrochemical base, a manufacturing base of petroleum machinery and equipment, a national historical and cultural city and one of the important birthplaces of the Chinese nation. It is an important birthplace of China's surnames, from which such surnames as Lu, Zhang, Fan, Yao, Qin, Gu, Meng and Luo all originated. Famous scenic spots include: Qicheng Ruins, Cang Xie Ridge, Jiangjundu, etc. In 20 12, it was named "the Imperial Capital of China" by China Ancient Capital Society.

2. Geographical environment

(1) location environment

Puyang City is located in the northeast of Henan Province, in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, at the junction of Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces. It is opposite to Jining City and Heze City in Shandong Province in the east and south, Liaocheng City and Taian City in Shandong Province in the northeast, Handan City in Hebei Province in the north, Anyang City in Henan Province in the west and Xinxiang City in Henan Province in the southwest. It is located between 35 20' 0 "north latitude, 3612' 23" east longitude and114 52' 0 "~116 5' 4" east-west length. The total area of the city is 4 188 square kilometers.

(2) topography

Geomorphology is the middle and rear part of the third ladder in China, which belongs to? Part of the alluvial plain of the Yellow River. The terrain is relatively flat, slightly inclined from southwest to northeast, and the altitude is generally between 48-58 meters. The area of the southwest beach in Puyang County is as high as 6 1.8 meters locally. Gongying Town, qingfeng county is only 44.2 meters southwest of Zhiji. Flat land accounts for about 70% of the city's area, depression accounts for about 20%, sand dunes account for about 7%, and water accounts for about 3%. There are 97 rivers in Puyang, mostly small and medium-sized rivers, belonging to the Yellow River and Haihe River. The main rivers crossing are the Yellow River and the Yellow River. Jindi River and Weihe River. In addition, the larger rivers include the natural Yan Wen Canal and? Ma Jiahe, Zhulong River? Tu Haihe and so on. ?

(3) Climate and environment

Puyang city is located in the mid-latitude zone, which is controlled and influenced by the southeast monsoon circulation all the year round, and belongs to the warm temperate semi-humid continental monsoon climate. It is characterized by four distinct seasons, dry and windy in spring, hot and rainy in summer, sunny in autumn and less rain and snow in winter. The light radiation value is high, which can completely meet the needs of double cropping of crops a year. Annual average temperature 13.3℃, annual extreme maximum temperature 43. 1℃, annual extreme minimum temperature -2 1℃. The frost-free period is generally 205 days. The annual average sunshine hours are 2454.5 hours, and the average sunshine percentage is 58%. The annual solar radiation is 1 18.3 kcal per square centimeter, and the annual effective radiation is 57.9 kcal per square centimeter. The annual average wind speed is 2.7 meters per second, and the dominant wind directions are south wind and north wind all the year round. There are many southerly winds in summer and northerly winds in winter, and the wind speed is changeable in spring and autumn. The annual average precipitation is 502.3 ~ 601.3mm. ..

(4) Hydrological conditions

The Yellow River enters Puyang from Hezhai Village, Changyuan County, Xinxiang City, and flows through Puyang County, Fanxian County and? The southern boundary of Taiqian County leaves from Zhangzhuang Village of Taiqian County to the north, with a domestic flow length of about168km and a drainage area of 2,487km2.

Weihe River originated in Muchuan County, Shanxi Province at the southern foot of Taihang Mountain. Anyang city? Nanshan Village in Neihuang County enters Puyang City in the north, flows through Qingfeng and Nanle counties, leaves the country east of Xichongding Village in Nanle County, enters Hebei Province and then enters Linqing, Shandong Province, with a domestic flow of 29.4 kilometers and a drainage area of 380 square kilometers.

Jindi River, a tributary of the Yellow River, originated from? Zhang Si drainage ditch in Xinxiang County enters Puyang from Wuyamiao Village, hua county, Anyang City, flows through Puyang, Fanxian and Taiqian County, and flows into the Yellow River in the north of Zhangzhuang Village, Hu Ba Town, Taiqian County. Life flow length 125km, watershed area 1750km2. The main tributaries in the territory are Huimugou, Sanlidian, Wuxing, Liu Fang Zhuang, Huxiang, Pucheng and Menglou. ?

Ma Jiahe, which originated in Yinzhou slope of Puyang, flows from west to northeast through Puyang County, Hualong District, qingfeng county and Nanle County, and flows out from Xixiaolou Village of Nanle County to the northeast of Linqing, Shandong Province, and into Bohai Sea. The river in the territory is 62.5 kilometers long, with a drainage area of 1 150 square kilometers. The main tributary in the territory is Zhulong River.

Tuhaiyuan is one of the nine rivers in Yushu. At that time, because Dayu used a lot of labor to control the river, and because there were dense trees on both sides of the river, wild boars appeared and sometimes civilian workers were injured, and his disciples were very afraid of wild boars, so they were named panic behavior. For thousands of years, this river has been lost and it is difficult to find. Today's Tuhai River is not a river in Yu Shu, but a flood control and drainage channel dug in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, named "Tu Hai". Tuhai River originates from Wawutou Town, qingfeng county, Puyang, flows through Xiaojia Village, Fukan Township, Nanle County and enters Shenxian County, Liaocheng District, Shandong Province. Dongfeng Port joins Qinkou River in Zhanhua County, Binzhou City, and enters the sea at Storm Station. Total drainage area 13902 km2. ?

(5) Land and soil

Land Soil The land area of Puyang City is 4 188 square kilometers, of which cultivated land accounts for 57.09%, with per capita 0.07 1 hectare (1.07 mu). Its basic characteristics are: flat terrain, deep soil layer, convenient for development and utilization; The reclamation rate is high, but the per capita possession is small and the reserve resources are scarce. Puyang City has a long history of land development and utilization. Most of them have been cultivated as farmland, and the land reclamation rate is 87.5%. Except for production, construction and living land, there are few uncultivated wasteland suitable for agriculture. [5]

There are 3 soil types, 9 subtypes, 15 soil genera and 62 soil species in Puyang city. It is mainly fluvo-aquic soil, accounting for 97.2% of the city's land area. Most areas outside the old course of the Yellow River. Tidal soil has grayish yellow surface layer, deep soil layer, high maturity, loose soil, moderate sand viscosity, good tillage, moderate acid and alkali and high fertility. It is suitable for planting a variety of crops and is an ideal soil for agricultural production. There are two subtypes of aeolian sandy soil: semi-fixed aeolian sandy soil and fixed aeolian sandy soil, which are mainly distributed in the old course of the Yellow River in northwest China, Hualong District, qingfeng county and the west of Nanle County. Aeolian sandy soil has low nutrient content, poor physical and chemical properties, water leakage and fertilizer leakage, which is not conducive to farming, but suitable for afforestation and gardening. Alkaline soil is only a subclass of meadow alkaline soil, which is mainly distributed in the houhe depression of the Yellow River. Because alkaline soil is too alkaline, it is difficult for ordinary crops to grow. After improvement, rice can be planted.

3. History and culture

(1) Overview

Puyang has a profound cultural heritage. Puyang is a national historical and cultural city, known as "Zhuan Xu's Legacy Capital" and "Shun Di's Hometown", and was named "the Imperial Capital of China" by the China Ancient Capital Society. The dragon-shaped mussel unearthed in 1987 more than 6,400 years ago is known as the "Yilong of China", and the Chinese Yanhuang Culture Research Association named Puyang "loong Capital" accordingly. Puyang acrobatics enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad, and it is the "hometown of acrobatics in China". ?

(2) Festival culture

Puyang is? China Dragon City, the hometown of acrobatics, dragon culture and acrobatic art are the characteristics and brands of Puyang, and are the important contents of building a harmonious Puyang. Since 2000, the city has held Longwen Culture Week once a year. In 2003, it was changed to loong Culture Festival, and an acrobatic art festival was added. Since then, it has been held every two years, and * * * has held six loong cultural festivals and three acrobatic arts festivals. Since the founding of the city, Puyang has held a sports meeting every four years. Puyang loong Cultural Festival and Acrobatic Art Festival have become influential festivals in Henan Province and representative cultural brands in Puyang City. On June165438+1October 18, 2007, the first Cang Xie Chinese Character Culture Festival was held in wucun, Liangcun Township, Nanle County. ?

(3) Cultural heritage

National intangible cultural heritage

Northeast Zhuang acrobatics? Qingfeng Liu Zi Opera? Nanle Mulian Opera? Fan county? Four tones? Fan county? Luo Juanxi? Puyang county? Daxian Opera House? Puyang county? Big flat tone?

local speciality

Puyang zhuangmo

Yijichang cold rice noodles

Puyang pantaojiu

Zhikun food bean foam? Chili soup

Yang Baiwan time-honored mutton restaurant

Liutun cake Misandao

Shuangmiao bean jelly

Langzhong Bate Mutton Soup Puyang

Fanxian county Wu Jia meat

Fanxian big steamed bun

Mengcun Rose Grape?

4. Attractions

By the end of 2009, Puyang had a total of 279 immovable cultural relics/kloc-0. There are 5 state-level cultural relics protection units (Tang Wugong Monument, Qicheng Site, Yancunpu Revolutionary Site, Single Disabled Revolutionary Base Site and the front section of Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal). There are 25 provincial-level cultural relics protection units: Xishuipo Site, Huiluan Monument, Memorial Site of Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army Crossing the River, Chengzhuang Site, Tieqiu Site, Mazhuang Site, Xiancheng Site, Puyang Sipai Building (including houses in Crossstreet), Weishi Tombstone, Puyang Christian Church (including the former site of Huamei Middle School), Weihe Martyrs Cemetery, former site of Hua Ye Puyang Army Command, and former site of Balimiao Yellow River Treatment. Lutz Tomb, former site of Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army Command, Zhao Pu Temple Daxiong Hall, Gaocheng Site, Xianqiu Site, Qingfeng Martyrs' Shrine, former site of China Zhongnan Special Committee, Puyang Catholic Church. Key cultural relics protection units at city and county levels 135. The main attractions in the city are Central Plains Green Manor, Assorted Garden, Pushang Garden, Maolou Eco-tourism Zone, Zhang Hui Park, Shun Di Palace, Dongbeizhuang, Luzi Tomb, Qicheng Ruins, Zhuan Terrace, Sipailou, China Yitiaolong, Huanbei, Yujing, Badufang, and Puyang Army Memorial Hall of East China Field Army.

The tourist attractions in the urban area mainly include Nanle Cang Xie Ridge, Tanghuaihe Confucian Temple, Qingfeng Zhao Pu Temple Daxiong Hall and Zhang Qingfeng Xiaozi Monument, Puyang Dongpu Yellow River Bridge, Qucun Yellow River Flood Diversion Gate, Zhongyuan Oilfield Discovery Well, Tang Wu Gongbei, Fanxian Liqiao River Crossing, Minzi Tomb, Cross Slope, Taiqian Zhanggongyi Tomb, Sunkou River Crossing and Beijing-Kowloon Railway Yellow River Bridge.