Question 2: What are the general supporting facilities for housing? In Article 3 of the Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in the Trial of Commercial Housing Contract Disputes, it is expressed as "related facilities" of houses, generally including infrastructure and related supporting facilities; Infrastructure refers to heating, power supply, water supply, residential landscape, roads in residential areas, parking lots, etc. Public facilities include commercial facilities, service industry, medical education, public transportation and other public facilities within and outside the planning scope of commercial housing.
Supporting facilities or housing-related facilities can be divided into two types according to their property rights relationship with real estate.
One is the supporting facilities in the commercial housing community, or the private supporting facilities in the community, whose ownership should belong to the private property used in the real estate community, such as elevators, greening and roads in the community. General apartment-style commercial housing residential area belongs to typical building ownership, and the owner's ownership is compound, which consists of three elements: exclusive ownership, public part decentralization (* * * ownership) and membership right. The supporting facilities in this area should belong to the property scope of the community owner.
The second category is the supporting facilities and conditions outside the commercial housing community, such as bus lines and shopping malls. , which can be called the surrounding public facilities, may be the supporting facilities planned and built by the regional arrangement of real estate, or it may be a natural location condition, but the ownership is not owned by the private property community, but belongs to other public or private. The private facilities and surrounding public facilities in the above-mentioned areas are related to the use function and house price. How to stipulate them in the contract determines the handling of relevant contractual responsibilities.
Question 3: What are the above-ground buildings and other attached trees in the public facilities of residential quarters except houses? They can only be owned by the owner of the house and belong to the public property of the community. Public facilities mainly include education, health care, culture and sports, business services, administrative management, community services and other facilities. For example: green space, roads, street lamps, underground (upper) lines and pipes, parking lots (garages), power distribution rooms (rooms) and electrical equipment, water pump rooms (rooms, wells) and pumps, clubs, guard rooms, civil air defense rooms and equipment, fire rooms and equipment, elevators, rockeries (water), fitness and entertainment facilities, bulletin boards, etc.
The ownership of public facilities, commercial housing sales contract has a clear agreement, in accordance with the agreement; If not, it belongs to the owner. According to the provisions in the draft property law: "Parking spaces and garages should first meet the needs of owners. If there is an agreement on the ownership of parking spaces and garages, it shall be in accordance with the agreement; If there is no agreement or the agreement is unclear, it belongs to the owner. "
Question 4: What are the public service facilities in the community? According to the standards for supporting the construction of public service facilities currently implemented in Beijing, a perfect residential infrastructure in residential areas should include 40 items in eight categories, specifically:
(1) Educational facilities: nurseries, kindergartens, primary schools and secondary schools;
(2) Medical and health facilities: health stations, outpatient clinics in residential areas and hospitals;
(3) Cultural and sports facilities: comprehensive cultural activity center, gateball court and stadium;
(4) Commercial service facilities: comprehensive food shopping malls, comprehensive department stores, comprehensive service buildings, bazaars, bookstores, Chinese medicine shops, comprehensive convenience stores, comprehensive grain and oil stores and other tertiary industry facilities;
(5) Financial post and telecommunications facilities: savings offices, bank branches, post offices and telephone offices;
(6) Community service facilities: community service center, comprehensive service department, parking lot, residential parking lot, nursing home (nursery) and nursing home for the disabled;
(7) Administrative facilities: street offices, police stations, patrol officers, neighborhood committees, housing management agencies, municipal management agencies, and green sanitation management stations;
(8) Municipal public facilities: closed cleaning stations, public toilets, bus terminals, municipal stations, public parking lots and gas stations.
The configuration of various facilities depends on the population size of the community. The larger the population, the more complete the community facilities should be.
Question 5: What are the supporting facilities of a residential area? Generally speaking, supporting facilities refer to the general name of public service facilities, roads and public green spaces built in a supporting way corresponding to the living scale or population scale of residential areas. Roads mainly refer to roads in residential areas and roads and related facilities connected with urban public transport routes. Public green space refers to the construction of green space in the community.
Public service facilities can be divided into two categories:
The first category is all kinds of public pipelines and facilities related to basic housing, including water, electricity, natural gas, cable TV, telephone, broadband network, heating, rainwater treatment and sewage treatment. , to ensure that meet the basic housing needs;
The second category is all kinds of public facilities related to the needs of family life, including education, medical care, culture and sports, business services, financial posts and telecommunications, community services, administrative management and other facilities, in order to meet higher living needs besides basic living needs.
Question 6: What supporting facilities do residential areas need? Generally speaking, supporting facilities refer to the general name of public service facilities, roads and public green spaces built in a supporting way corresponding to the living scale or population scale of residential areas. Roads mainly refer to roads in residential areas and roads and related facilities connected with urban public transport routes. Public green space refers to the construction of green space in the community, which is closely related to the community environment, and will be discussed in the next section. So what we are talking about here is mainly public service facilities.
Public service facilities can be divided into two categories:
The first category is all kinds of public pipelines and facilities related to basic housing, including water, electricity, natural gas, cable TV, telephone, broadband network, heating, rainwater treatment and sewage treatment. , to ensure that meet the basic housing needs;
The second category is all kinds of public facilities related to the needs of family life, including education, medical care, culture and sports, business services, financial posts and telecommunications, community services, administrative management and other facilities, in order to meet higher living needs besides basic living needs.
1. Banks, post offices, supermarkets, restaurants and other necessary facilities.
These facilities are basically necessary for city life now. For these supporting facilities, the factors to be measured actually mainly do not depend on the commitment of the developer, but should consider the objective factors such as the scale, location, entrance to the community and traffic conditions of the building. Because these facilities are profitable, the relevant institutions mainly consider the objective conditions at the beginning. For example, the location of a supermarket will consider geographical location, population density, residents' income, transportation, consumption level, rent and other factors. According to the relevant regulations, the post office is equipped with offices for more than 7,000 people in residential areas and offices for more than 1 10,000 households (30,000 people). The establishment of banks will be considered in a wider range of factors. Generally, branches will not be set up in each community, but the site will be selected by considering the surrounding conditions. So these profitable supporting facilities, property buyers can judge by these objective factors, that is to say, with these factors, developers will have them even if they don't promise. In short, if the basic conditions of the community are good, other living facilities will come naturally. If the basic conditions are not good, it is difficult to guarantee other aspects.
2. Educational facilities
Educational facilities are becoming more and more important to modern families. In recent years, there are more and more education cards in real estate sales. The ways are as follows: the developer signs an agreement with the surrounding schools, and the children of buyers can enter school or enter school with certain preferential conditions, the so-called "famous building+prestigious school" model; Joint education, developers and schools build branch schools in the community; Developers run their own schools, teachers cooperate with schools and so on. For educational facilities, buyers should consider:
(1) What is the public education system around?
(2) Distance and traffic conditions;
(3) Whether the feasibility of residential education facilities and related preferential conditions promised by the developer is recognized by the education administrative department;
(4) Are there other educational facilities nearby?
3. Medical equipment
This piece is very important for the elderly. However, at present, the construction of community medical facilities is still very weak, and most real estate projects will not build this facility alone. This actually does not depend on the developer, but is related to the national medical and health system. In Britain and the United States, the construction of community medical facilities is an important part of the national medical system, and the current allocation of medical resources in China can not reach this level. Therefore, we can't expect developers and buyers to mainly consider the surrounding public medical system and traffic conditions, and the basic medical facilities in the community can basically meet.
4. Cultural and sports facilities
This piece mainly includes non-fee open facilities and fee-paying facilities, mainly clubs. At present, the general community will have open free sports and fitness facilities. The main problem in this respect is daily maintenance, which has a lot to do with property management. More of a problem is the club. In recent years, clubhouse construction has become more and more important in the real estate market, but the problems caused by it have become more and more prominent, mainly focusing on:
(1) club property rights
In recent years, the problem of defining the property rights of clubs is very prominent. Beijing, Shenzhen and other cities have large-scale class actions, and the results are also very inconsistent. At present, the parties have different opinions. Comparatively speaking, the operation opinion is: if the owners have shared the clubhouse area when buying a house, then the property rights of the clubhouse should be owned by all owners. If the pool area does not have the clubhouse area, the developer can issue an independent title certificate for the clubhouse construction area. >>
Question 7: Which roads, green spaces, swimming pools, parking lots, street lamps, places for public welfare activities, fences, gatehouses and art decorations belong to the ancillary facilities of the community?
Question 8: What public facilities are there in the community, but not limited to the following equipment, facilities, venues, etc.
1, greening and sketches (such as pavilions, pools and fountains, public seats) and so on.
2. Public lighting equipment
3, public * * * fire fighting equipment, fire stairs, passage
4. Public safety equipment (fences, cameras, guardrails, park gates, bars, etc.). )
5. Public places and public roads
5. Public water supply and drainage facilities (public water supply and drainage pipelines, sewers, tube wells, various pumps, pipeline valves, rainwater pipes, sewage grids, etc. )
6. Public * * * distribution facilities (high and low voltage distribution room, distribution box, distribution cabinet, power tube well, switch box, electric meter, trunking, etc.). )
7. Public weak current facilities (cable TV equipment, telecommunication equipment, network optical fiber equipment, weak current tube well, dispatching room, dispatching box, etc.). )
8. Public fitness and children's entertainment facilities
9, building roof and * * * with external walls
10, elevator, elevator waiting hall
1 1, public corridors, stairs, apartment halls, public building lobbies, public toilets (not required)
12, building foundation and other infrastructure
Question 9: What are the supporting facilities of housing, including infrastructure and public facilities? Infrastructure refers to water supply, power supply, heating, gas, communication, television system, roads, greening and other facilities that are compatible with the construction of residential areas where the buyers purchase houses. Public supporting buildings include public supporting buildings such as parking facilities, entertainment facilities, education, commerce, catering and so on. General housing facilities include 1) water supply and drainage: a) water supply system: pay attention to water quantity, water quality and water pressure. B) Drainage system: including domestic sewage, rainwater and other drainage systems; Require correct and firm installation, no leakage and normal operation of the pipeline; 2) Electricity utilization: The convenience and safety of electricity utilization is also a very important issue, including the design and use of wires, distribution boxes, electrical switches and electric meters. Note: We often say that one household and one meter refers to one household 1 water meter+1 electricity meter. It should be noted that some residential water and electricity meters are based on a master meter, and then each household has a sub-meter, which is not a meter for each household in the actual sense. 3) Gas: When buying a second-hand house, whether there is natural gas or gas supply pipeline in the house is a concern of customers. It is convenient to use and low cost, which is a selling point of the house. 4) Telephone line, broadband line, cable (digital) TV line, etc. 5) Elevator: users' requirements for elevators mainly consider safety, reliability, comfort and convenience; Residential ancillary facilities refer to residential ancillary facilities necessary to create a hygienic, safe, quiet and comfortable living environment for urban residents. According to the service level, residential facilities are composed of multiple systems. It should include the following contents: (l) Supporting facilities for basic housing units. Residential groups of about 3,000 people should have supporting facilities such as resident service stations, small shops, cultural rooms and children's playgrounds. (2) Supporting facilities of residential quarters. The supporting facilities of residential groups with a population of about 1 10,000 people include nurseries, kindergartens, primary schools, middle schools, savings offices, post offices, sports grounds, grain shops, coal shops, department stores, grocery stores, food shops, restaurants, barbershops, small repair shops, grocery stores, bicycle sheds, waste recycling stations, neighborhood committees, substations, public toilets and garbage dumps. (3) Supporting facilities in residential areas. The population is about 40,000-50,000, and the supporting facilities include hospitals, outpatient departments, banks, offices, post and telecommunications sub-offices, cinemas, science and technology cultural centers, youth homes, sports fields, various shops related to life, street offices, police stations, commercial management institutions, housing management departments, etc. (4) Municipal public facilities. Refers to the residential facilities in the city, including urban public facilities and urban public facilities. The former refers to urban tap water, gas, heating and public transportation; The latter refers to municipal engineering facilities, landscaping facilities, public health facilities, etc.
Question 10: What facilities are there in the community?
1. Banks, post offices, supermarkets, restaurants and other necessary facilities: These facilities are basically the necessities of urban life now. For these supporting facilities, the factors to be measured actually mainly do not depend on the commitment of the developer, but should consider the objective factors such as the scale, location, entrance to the community and traffic conditions of the building. Because these facilities are profitable, the relevant institutions mainly consider the objective conditions at the beginning. For example, the location of a supermarket will consider geographical location, population density, residents' income, transportation, consumption level, rent and other factors. According to the relevant regulations, the post office is equipped with offices for more than 7,000 people in residential areas and offices for more than 1 10,000 households (30,000 people). The establishment of banks will be considered in a wider range of factors. Generally, branches will not be set up in each community, but the site will be selected by considering the surrounding conditions. So these profitable supporting facilities, property buyers can judge by these objective factors, that is to say, with these factors, developers will have them even if they don't promise. In short, if the basic conditions of the community are good, other living facilities will come naturally. If the basic conditions are not good, it is difficult to guarantee other aspects.
Hope to adopt, thank you.