Community is the interface between the state and society. Community residents' committee is a mass autonomous organization at the grass-roots level in cities in China. It is neither a government nor a government agency, but its relationship with the government is flesh and blood, and fish and water are inseparable. Since 1954 and 1954 were adopted on February 26th, 2004, the government has transferred the public power of the state to the residents through the residents' committees. The government supports and guides the work of residents' committees to ensure that residents' committees exercise their autonomy according to law, while residents' committees assist the government in implementing state policies and regulations among the people, and the interests of both sides are completely consistent. Under the new historical conditions, despite great changes in our management system and model, the state still regards the residents' committee as the main channel of grass-roots social management and the cornerstone of state power. Therefore, the Constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC) has always insisted on placing residents' committees in Chapter III, State Organs, Section V, Local People's Congresses and People's Governments. At present, there are more and more grass-roots economic organizations and social organizations, which is the embodiment of social vitality. However, the status and role of residents' committees can't be replaced by any economic organization or social organization. The state can't do without residents' committees, and the residents' committees can't do without the state.

This community has formed a social unity at the grassroots level of the city. Under the planned system, residents' committees have no vitality and cohesion. Except for the elderly living in the community, the working objects are all residents without units, and their functions are very thin. However, the modern community after the economic and social transformation is different. In addition to the original work object, the unit people gradually evolved into social people and community people, and the floating population began to enter the community, and the total amount increased greatly. The structure is getting more and more complicated. In addition, a large number of social management, social service and social security functions are continuously stripped from the government and units, and undertaken by the community, which effectively enhances the functions of the community, enriches the content of the community, broadens the working face of the community, and makes it shoulder the heavy responsibility of creating a big society from the micro level, become a center that can coordinate and condense all aspects, and become a "small society" with relatively complete functions.

Community is the intersection of various social contradictions. China is now not only the golden period of economic development, but also the prominent period of various social contradictions and social problems. Social transformation will inevitably lead to the change of interest pattern and social class. The decline of status will cause people's psychological imbalance, the disparity of income will expose people's dissatisfaction, the tension of work will increase people's mental stress, the changes of values and lifestyle will bring people a lot of discomfort, the acceleration of population flow frequency will make urban management more and more difficult, and negative things in society will bring people a negative impact. Coupled with the sudden natural and man-made disasters, although these factors affecting social stability are all reflected in society, they all occur in the community, so the community is at the forefront of all social contradictions and social problems. Only by taking precautions and doing a good job in advance can the community digest all kinds of problems at the grassroots level to the maximum extent and prevent problems before they happen.

Community is a training ground for grassroots democratic political construction. Resident autonomy is the best form of direct democracy at the grass-roots level. Community residents participate in the direct management of community affairs through democratic election, democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision, which is the sacred and inviolable right given to residents by national laws and the embodiment of the prosperity and development of community undertakings. Participation is the first principle and lifeline of community construction. Participation marks residents' recognition and care for the community. Participation indicates that residents can not only share the benefits in the community, but also assume the responsibilities in the community. A vibrant, creative and efficient community is one with a relatively high participation rate. Of course, what we mean by participation here is the active participation of residents rather than passive participation. Residents can actively participate in community affairs, which shows that they have closely linked their own interests with the fate of the community and regarded the community as their home. This is the vitality, foundation and source of community construction. In recent years, by promoting community construction, the community has also become a solid platform for grassroots democratic autonomy, and the community has also become a starting point for residents to participate in social affairs and state affairs management from participating in community affairs.

In short, the central leading comrades pointed out that the foundation of building a harmonious society lies in the community, which is not only a full affirmation of the role played by urban grass-roots community work in recent years, but also an important measure for further promoting community construction in the future. The prospect of community work is infinite, and community work is promising. As all people who care about, support and engage in community work, we should understand and grasp the opportunity of community work from the overall height of building a harmonious socialist society and building a well-off society in an all-round way, and consciously undertake the important historical task of building a harmonious community.

It can be seen from the situation that community construction has been carried out for more than ten years that the conditions for establishing a harmonious community at the grassroots level are also fully met. First of all, with the improvement of community status, community work has become a hot issue of concern to the whole society; Secondly, the objects of the community have increased, the functions have been expanded, the organization has been strengthened, and the development space has become larger and larger, which has played an important role at the grassroots level; Third, units and residents are increasingly concerned about community affairs and have a sense of identity and cohesion among the masses; Fourth, the internal and external relations of the community have been continuously straightened out, the construction of community system has been continuously improved, and community work has shown a good trend of benign operation; Fifth, the quality and structure of community workers have been greatly improved, and they are constantly developing towards standardization, specialization and institutionalization; Sixth, the hardware facilities in the community are constantly up to standard, the software is constantly improving, the ability is obviously enhanced, and more and more things can be done for the people; Seventh, the party's core leadership over community work has been strengthened, and the party's ruling foundation in cities has been consolidated; Eighth, especially the concern and attention of the party and the state to community work has provided a strong impetus for community development and inserted wings for community undertakings. These are all powerful conditions for us to implement the spirit of the important speech of the Central Committee and vigorously promote the construction of a harmonious community.

What is a harmonious community? There are many versions of this question. After comparison, I think there are three better ones: first, Fuzhou's "adhere to people-oriented, develop community material civilization and political civilization, promote the development of various elements and harmony between them, and realize the unity of man and nature, man and society, and man and man's self inside and outside"; Second, Qingdao's "people-oriented, paying attention to the harmony between people, people and society, and people and nature, so that all members of the community can do their best and live in harmony, and all elements of the community are healthy, energetic, stable and orderly"; Thirdly, Wuxi is a "new community with harmonious organization, culture, interests, people and environment". The three expressions have their own advantages and disadvantages, which basically grasp the connotation of harmonious community and have their own local characteristics.

But we believe that as a definition, we should not only grasp the overall spirit, but also show distinctive personality characteristics. Turn the macro into the micro, and turn the theory into concrete and operable. According to this idea, our definition of a harmonious community is "a healthy and mature harmonious community, which should be a community with benign interaction and coordinated development between the government, the enterprise, the society, the ecology and the masses". This is of course our view, but we think it is ok to interpret the harmonious community in this way: first, it highlights the subject of "community"; Second, take the community as a point to manage all aspects of the relationship. Community is based on government, enterprises, society, ecology and the masses. Without this interdependent premise, there would be no community, so the relationship between communities and them is very important; Third, this involves not only the three departments of social structure-government, society and enterprise, but also many aspects such as economy, politics, society, culture and ecology. So, so far, this definition is basically feasible.

Guiding ideology of harmonious community construction. Guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents, based on Scientific Outlook on Development and the spirit of building a harmonious socialist society, and in accordance with the requirements of "democracy and legal system, fairness and justice, honesty and friendship, vitality, stability and order, and harmony between man and nature", we will strive to build the community into a modern urban social living area with high degree of residents' autonomy, stable social order, adequate social security, comfortable living environment, perfect public services and harmonious coexistence of various social groups.

The goal of building a harmonious community. Building a harmonious socialist society is an important content and condition for building a well-off society in an all-round way. The goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way clearly includes the requirement of "a more harmonious society". Building a harmonious socialist society requires higher requirements, longer time and heavier tasks than building a well-off society in an all-round way. After completing the grand goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, we will continue to struggle for a long time to build a harmonious socialist society. Therefore, the construction of our harmonious community is not a biennial event, let alone an overnight event, but a long-term goal of our party, just like the construction of a harmonious society. In this sense, it is very appropriate to mention that "harmonious community construction is the center and theme of future community construction". When setting goals, we should base ourselves on the present and take a long-term view. It will take three to five years to further strengthen infrastructure construction, realize long-term management, digest social contradictions, create a beautiful, well-equipped and convenient living environment, promote harmonious living environment, help people in need, benefit people and enhance residents' satisfaction and sense of identity with the community. The goal of the second stage. Through the construction of harmonious communities, it will take three to five years to further improve the overall coordination mechanism of community party organizations and the mechanism of community democratic autonomy, improve the ability and level of urban management and public services, and build most communities into modern new harmonious communities with perfect services, cultural prosperity, fairness, order, safety, stability, harmony and order. The goal of the third stage. Guided by residents' needs, linked by community public interests, supported by various social organizations and guaranteed by resource integration, we will build a community public management and public service system that cooperates with government organizations, social organizations and individual citizens, promote the harmony among government, community, residents, society, enterprises and ecology, create a good community autonomy environment, and enhance community democratic autonomy. From the time span, this goal will be implemented in the whole process of realizing a well-off society in an all-round way.

Basic principles of building a harmonious community. First, the principle of putting people first and serving the masses. All work in the community should be guided by the needs, participation and satisfaction of community residents, so that community residents can benefit from community development and realize their own development by participating in the construction of harmonious communities; Second, the principle of focusing on the overall situation and focusing on development. Harmonious community construction should be conducive to the coordinated and sustainable development of economy, society and nature, to the innovation of community management and urban governance model, to stimulate the creative vitality of grass-roots society and to create a good social environment for China's reform, development and stability; Third, the principle of orderly reform and gradual progress. The construction of a harmonious community is a systematic project, which needs a solid goal and cannot be achieved overnight. It is necessary to proceed from reality, make rational planning, give classified guidance, lay a solid foundation step by step, consolidate achievements, and then make solid progress. Four, the integration of resources, * * * to build * * * principle. Fully mobilize the enthusiasm of organs, schools, troops, social organizations, enterprises and institutions in the community to participate in the construction of a harmonious community, maximize the enjoyment of community resources, and strive to create a good atmosphere for * * * to live in the community and * * * to build the community; Five, pay attention to fairness, the principle of mutual consideration. Only with fairness can the society be harmonious, which shows that the gap, especially the income distribution gap, cannot be widened too much. If the warning line is exceeded, the society may be unbalanced. But there is no absolute fairness, there are some gaps, which is a reflection of social vitality, creativity and efficiency. Therefore, we should guide people to treat the gap correctly, treat fairness correctly, learn to help each other and love each other, and learn to help each other in the same boat; Six, carry forward the principles of democracy, improve the legal system. The first goal of democracy is to gain power, and the second goal is to prevent the abuse of power. Without democracy, there would be no socialism. However, China's democracy is different from western-style democracy, and it should be gradually promoted within the legal system under the leadership of the Party. It is wrong to set democracy against the government, the rule of law and the leadership of the party. Our democracy is a socialist democracy with China characteristics.

Main contents of building a harmonious community. On the content of building a harmonious community, there are several models at the national level: one is the Xigang District model in Dalian, which was put on the agenda in June of this year at 5438+ 10, according to Comrade Zeng Qinghong's speech during his inspection of community work in Jiangsu and Tianjin, and put "persisting in community party building as the core, focusing on serving the masses, taking residents' autonomy as the direction and taking cultural activities as the carrier to maintain stability". Since then, Xuanwu District, Shijingshan District, Chaoyang District in Beijing and Yindu District in Anyang City, Henan Province have generally followed this idea. However, this is different. According to their own characteristics, many places have put forward the contents of building a harmonious community that are in line with the spirit of the central government and the local reality. Representatives: First, Qingdao Civilization Office takes six aspects of community construction as the specific content of harmonious community construction, namely, community environment, community safety, community service, community culture, community fashion and community management, and has also formulated a quantitative and operable Standard for Demonstration Sites of Harmonious Communities; Xi Beilin District regards "complete infrastructure, beautiful living environment, sound democracy and legal system, good public order, first-class community service, standardized community management, rich cultural and sports life, civilized residents' behavior, harmonious interpersonal relationship and people's satisfaction" as the content of building a harmonious community. The contents of building a harmonious community in chenghua district are: "building autonomous communities, promoting self-management harmony, building service-oriented communities, promoting the harmony of residents' needs, building learning-oriented communities, promoting innovation and development harmony, building ecological communities, promoting harmony between people and the environment, building safe communities, promoting social order harmony, building full-employment communities and promoting employment structure harmony. Building affluent communities, promoting the harmony of social groups, building civilized communities, promoting the coordination of residents' quality with the requirements of the times, building honest communities, promoting the harmony of interpersonal relationships, building pioneer communities and promoting the harmony between the party and the masses are very detailed and strict. Zhang Xingxiang, secretary of Shenyang Municipal Party Committee, put forward the standard of building a harmonious community: "peace and stability, beautiful environment, perfect service, civilized harmony and orderly management"; Especially in order to build a harmonious community, Xuanwu District, Nanjing City and the streets, together with the comrades of Nanjing Technical and Quality Supervision Bureau, compiled the Quality Manual for Building a Harmonious Community with professional terms and standards. In this manual, they regard the description of the characteristics of a harmonious community by General Secretary Hu Jintao as the content of building a harmonious community. In order to facilitate the operation, they also broke it down in detail, with tens of thousands of words, which is equivalent to writing a book, which is an innovation of the harmonious community construction model.

These models have their own characteristics. At the beginning of the construction, everyone responded quickly and a hundred flowers blossomed, which was commendable. And until now, because there is no unified standard in the whole country, why not put forward the concept of harmonious community from our own reality; What's more, these models are distinctive and in line with the general direction, so they should be said to be good on the whole. This pioneering and innovative spirit is worth promoting.

But the problem now is that if we want to push forward the great project of building a harmonious community in the whole country, we must formulate a unified standard as the basis for everyone's recognition. With a unified standard, it is ok for all localities to play according to the actual situation, but the main content and main standards cannot be changed. Otherwise, it is difficult to operate and evaluate. The national standard should be * * *; Second, it must be authoritative; Third, it should be easy to operate; Fourth, we must be able to evaluate. In this spirit, we believe that the contents of building a harmonious community determined by Xigang District of Dalian, Xuanwu District of Beijing, Shijingshan District, Chaoyang District and Yindu District of Anyang City, Henan Province are relatively accurate, but the contents of Xigang District of Dalian are too simple and Xuanwu District of Beijing is too complicated. Now we have gathered the strength of all people and integrated a national standard for building a harmonious socialist society, that is:

First, community service. There are community service centers in the street and community service facilities in the community, which can basically meet the needs of community residents. The convenience service hotline has realized the networking of streets and neighborhood committees, and the re-employment rate of unemployed people has reached over 70%. Those who meet the minimum living standards have been guaranteed, with the coverage rate of disabled people reaching over 90% and the population coverage rate of community health services reaching over 80%. There are plans for public health emergencies in the region, and there are no illegal births, illegal construction and unauthorized construction. There is a cleaning team in the community, the signing rate of "three guarantees" in front of the door is over 90%, garbage collection is 50%, and the green coverage rate of the community is not less than 30%. More than 95% residents are satisfied with the services provided by the community.

Second, community culture. There is a community library with more than 65,438+0,000 books, a fixed youth activity station and community sports venues. More than 50% of the population in the community participated in the national fitness campaign, and the number of people participating in civic civilized schools and various education and training activities exceeded 10% of the residents in this residential area. Civilized buildings, civilized families and sanitary homes account for the total area respectively.

Third, community stability. The community has a police office, a sound public security organization, no minors breaking the law and committing crimes in the community, and a file of community corrections personnel. The rate of helping and educating released prisoners and reforming personnel reaches 90%, there is no "pornography, gambling and drugs" phenomenon in the community, there is no cult organization, the public security emergency plan is established and improved, there is no collective petition and leapfrog petition, there is a legal aid mechanism for vulnerable groups, and there is no serious and catastrophic fire in the community.

Fourth, residents' autonomy. Neighborhood committees are well organized, can take the initiative to accept the leadership of community party committees, and accept the opinions and demands of residents in a timely manner. With the Convention on Residents and the Regulations on Community Autonomy, the participation rate of residents in activities organized by neighborhood committees has reached more than 60%, and the participation rate of volunteers and residents in community organizations has reached more than 8%. Established the system of community affairs hearing and the system of community affairs informing, insisted on the openness of household affairs and publicity columns, signed the * * * construction agreement with more than 80% units in the jurisdiction, and established the * * construction mechanism. The proportion of public welfare facilities and venues in the community open to the community has reached more than 50%, and the office space of the neighborhood Committee is not less than 60 square meters, and it is equipped with office facilities such as computers, printers and telephones to ensure the office expenses of the neighborhood Committee.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) Party leadership. The leadership of the community party is sound, there are construction party organizations that can seriously carry out activities, and the party's community work coordination Committee has been established and improved. More than 70% of community retirement organizations in party member have been transferred to community party organizations, including the management system of community floating party member, the organizational life system of party branches and the democratic life meeting system. Party member model plays a leading role in building a harmonious community and can set an example for residents.

Safeguard measures for building a harmonious community. First, strengthen leadership and clarify responsibilities. The construction of harmonious community is an important work that concerns the overall situation of urban grass-roots units. In accordance with the requirements of the Central Committee on "Party Committee leadership, government responsibility, social coordination, and mass participation", it should be conscientiously implemented. Party committees at all levels should put the construction of harmonious communities on the important agenda and give full play to the core and leading role of leadership. The civil affairs department is the functional department of governments at all levels in charge of this work. To effectively take responsibility, plan, deploy and implement this work, all departments and units should incorporate their work into the overall situation of building a harmonious society and a harmonious community, and find a breakthrough in this work in light of their own reality. Community neighborhood committees and grass-roots social organizations should, together with the broad masses of the community, be organizers and executors of harmonious community construction, be pioneers of harmonious community construction, stand in the forefront of harmonious community construction, and make new and greater contributions to harmonious community construction and even harmonious society construction. Second, we must make good plans. Doing a good job in the development planning of harmonious community construction is an important basic work to promote harmonious community construction, which should be highly valued. We should obey the overall situation of the whole party and act in accordance with the country's "ten-year plan." The five-year plan and the outline of the eleventh five-year plan adopted next year? According to the requirements of the "five-year plan" and the local national economic and social development plan, the five-year plan and annual implementation plan for the construction of harmonious communities in this region should be carefully formulated. Only in this way can the construction of a harmonious community find its own position and develop synchronously with the local economy and society. Third, we must do a good job in classification guidance. It is necessary to put forward different requirements for different communities, so that each community has a specific, clear and hard-working goal and push forward the work in a solid and orderly manner. In terms of working methods, we should always grasp the typical, and point to area through the typical. According to our own conditions, we should give full play to our existing advantages, strive to make breakthroughs in some aspects and fields of building a harmonious community, and create and summarize directional and guiding experiences. The communities in the western region should do what they can, step by step, start from the basic work in a down-to-earth manner, start from what the masses urgently need to do, carry out the work of building a harmonious community one by one, and realize the goal of building a harmonious community step by step; In the communities in the eastern region, the starting point of building a harmonious community must be high, and we should emancipate our minds, be brave in innovation, study new situations, solve new problems, and sum up new experiences, so as to set an example and play a leading role in building a harmonious community throughout the country.