Liaoning Mongolian style

order

Mongolians are important members of the Chinese nation. The Mongolian population in Liaoning Province is second only to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, with 670,000 people.

In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, part of the Harqin Department, Tumote Department, Mongolian Lejin Department and Horqin Department of Mongolia gradually moved south from Mongolian grassland and finally settled in Liaoning. After the Qing Dynasty entered Beijing, some Eight Banners Mongolian soldiers, Hu Ba Mongolian soldiers and their families were sent to Liaoning for defense. Descendants of the above Mongolian ministries, Eight Banners Mongolia and Hu Ba Mongolia constitute the main body of Liaoning Mongolians. Liaoning Mongolians are mainly distributed in Harqin Left-wing Mongolian Autonomous County, Chaoyang County, Jianping County, Lingyuan County, Beipiao County of Chaoyang City, Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County and Zhangwu County of Fuxin City.

In Qing Dynasty, the Mongolian classes in Liaoning were distinct. The ruling class is Mongolian feudal princes and nobles, and the ruled class is divided into civilian class, subordinate class and slave (domestic slave) class. Manchu rulers practiced the League Flag system in Mongolia and ruled the Mongolian people. For the Han nationality in Mongolia, set up offices and county institutions to rule. The left, middle and right flags of Harqin, the left and right flags of Tumote, the front and back flags of Horqin, and the "Suluke" pasture of the Qing royal family (that is, the "Sanling" pasture for raising animals) are all in Liaoning.

Mongolian is a brave and wise people. In terms of culture and art, he has created a large number of folk songs, ballads and folklore; Music and dance are beautiful and moving, with a strong nomadic color. At the same time, it also cultivated and brought up a generation of celebrities, such as Yin Zhannashi, Engerth Gus, Robsang Chadan and so on. Because they believe in Lamaism and there are many temples, they have made brilliant achievements in sculpture, painting, stone carving and other arts related to building temples. In medicine, Liaoning Mongolian medicine is unique and enjoys a high reputation at home and abroad. In traditional sports activities, horse racing, wrestling, archery and other events have been passed down from generation to generation, especially the Nadam Conference, which is not only a grand gathering to celebrate the harvest, but also a grand gathering for the Mongolian people to exercise and entertain and communicate with each other. In terms of customs and habits, although the individual customs and habits of other nationalities, especially the Han nationality, have been absorbed in the historical process, they still maintain the traditional national style.

After the founding of New China, the Mongolian people, under the leadership of the Production Party of China, fully gained freedom, democracy and equal rights politically, and made great progress in economy and culture. Politically, two autonomous counties (Harqin Left-wing Mongolian Autonomous County and Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County) and 23 Mongolian townships, towns and joint towns have been established in the Mongolian areas of Liaoning due to the implementation of the national unity and equality policy of China * * * Production Party. At the same time, enjoy the right to participate in and discuss state affairs. Economically, the Mongolian people in Liaoning changed the backward state of the old society, and the economy in ethnic areas developed rapidly. Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh China Producers' Party, agriculture, industry, commerce and finance have entered a prosperous period, and people's material living standards have improved year by year, and some places are close to a well-off level. Culturally, Liaoning Mongolians have inherited and carried forward the national traditions, sorted out and excavated a large number of outstanding national cultural heritages, completed the integration of Chinese folk literature, China folk music and Chinese folk dance, and made new cultural and artistic creations. Radio, television, film, Mongolian drama and Mongolian newspaper publishing have also developed. In ethnic education, primary education, secondary education, secondary professional and technical education, normal education and adult education have formed a system, and the number of people receiving university education has increased year by year. The spiritual life of the Mongolian people in Liaoning is constantly enriched and the national quality is constantly improved.

Ethnic origin

The Mongolians in Liaoning Province come from many Mongolian tribes. In the early Ming Dynasty, there were five kinds of grain Habu (namely, Duoyan, Taining and Fuyu Mongols). In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the Mongols of Harqin, Tumudu (including Mongolian Guolejin) and Horqin lived in Liaoning successively. In the early Qing Dynasty, some Mongolians in Chahar, Hu Ba and Baqi entered and settled. The descendants of these Mongols mainly live in Chaoyang City, Fuxin City and Changtu, Kangping and Faku counties in Liaoning Province.

(A), the origin of the surname

Before Mongolians formed and used the name "Mongolia" in a unified way, their ancestors had close relations with the ethnic groups such as Donghu, Xianbei, Qidan and Shiwei in ancient northern China. "Mongolia" is a national saying, and Wu Meng Shiwei in Sui and Tang Dynasties was the ancestor of the Mongols. Mongolia's Stone Committee is only the name of one of the Mongolian ministries, and it is one of more than 20 "Stone Committees". "Wu Meng" is the earliest Chinese transliteration of the word "Mongolia". Wu Meng Shiwei lived in the south bank of Wangjian River (Ergon River), and then gradually moved westward to the Erne River, Krulun River and Kent Mountain in the upper reaches of tuul river, where he developed and multiplied into many departments. At the end of i2 and the beginning of i3 century, Mongolian tribes headed by Genghis Khan unified the grassland departments in southern and northern Mo. A new and stable ethnic group with the same language, region and culture and many characteristics in economic life, namely Mongolian nationality, has been formed. "Mongolia" evolved from a tribal name to a national name.

(2) Tribal origin

In the second year of Song Kaixi (AD 1206), Genghis Khan established the Mongolian khanate. Around the fifth year of Jiading in Song Dynasty (12 12), the influence of Mongolian khanate gradually extended to western Liaoning. Since then, and throughout the Yuan Dynasty 150 years, Mongolians migrated from the north and south of the desert to the south, and settled or moved around Liaoning in the form of military camps, private enterprises and administrative institutions.

In the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1368), Yuan died, and the forces of Mongolian feudal rulers retreated to the grassland, which was known as the Northern Yuan in history. Mongolian people living or living in Liaoning continue to live in the form of left-behind, dependent and three. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the Mongolian departments such as Harqin, Tumote and Mongolian Lejin went south from Mongolian grassland, nomadic and grazing, and finally settled in Liaoning. The Qing Dynasty implemented the League Flag system in Mongolia. The five banners of Zhuosuotumeng (i.e. Harqin Left, Middle and Right Banner and Tumote Left and Right Banner), the front and rear banners of Zhelimumeng Horqin Left Wing, and the "Suluke" pasture of the Qing royal family (i.e. pasture for raising interest and grazing) are all in Liaoning Province. Liaoning Mongolians are mainly descendants of Kazakhin, Tumote, Mongolian Lejin, Horqin, Chahar and Hu Ba.

1, the ancient Wulianghamun, wrote "Wulianghaibu" in the Yuan Dynasty. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, it moved eastward from Lake Baikal to Daxinganling to Nenjiang River basin. In the 22nd year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1389), Duoyan, Taining and Fuyu Sanwei were established in Nenjiang River Basin, north and south of Taoer River in the upper reaches of Liaohe River, Xilamulun River and other places where the ancient people of Wulianghamun lived together.

At the end of Yongle in Ming Dynasty, Mongolians in Sanwei moved southward continuously. During the Orthodox period, it has entered the area south of the Xilamulun River. During the Chenghua period, the distribution of five grains and three flavors was "arrogant before arriving in xifengkou, approaching Fu Xuan, and blooming every day; From Jin, Yili Guangning, to Liaohe, Ritaining, from Huangniwa to Shenyang, Tieling to Kaiyuan, there are many blessings every day ("The Biography of the Ming Dynasty").

After Wuliangye Sanwei Mongolia moved to the south, in the 26th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1547), Kuimengke (also known as Kuimengketashala), the leader of Horqin Department, a feudal Lord in eastern Mongolia, led troops from Nanhe hometown to Nenjiang River basin. Because it is different from Horqin in Hulunbeier, it is called "tender (brain temperature) Horqin". Another eastern Mongolian feudal Lord (the ancestor of the five ancestors of Nekhha), Kuden Khan Tiger Lahachi (also writing and Ershuoqi Hasal), led 65,438+10,000 people to move from Fu Xuandong to Liaohe River Basin. Since then, the Horqin department of Nenjiang River has also expanded southward. The second part of the land occupied by the eastward movement is the former site of Mongolia in Wuliangha Sanwei.

/kloc-At the end of 0/6 (about the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty), Yu Wei, the blessing of Wuliangha, was annexed by Horqin Kuimengke in Nenjiang. The Taining Wei of Wuliangye was merged by Kuden Khan Tiger Lahachi, the ancestor of Neckar Five. Wei Yan, the flower of Wuliangga, was swallowed up by its neighbor Harqin in the west.

2. Harqin Department Harqin, the old department of Mongolia. Books such as Secret History of Mongolia, Historical Records, and History of the Yuan Dynasty all recorded the history of the Mongolian Khanate and Karaqin in the Yuan Dynasty.

/kloc-in the middle of the 0/5th century, in the Ming Dynasty, the Harqin troops stationed in the western area of Hetao were the strongest. Under the command of Bolai, he attacked Waci in the west and three guards in the east.

During the period when Dayan Khan (about 1474- 15 17) unified the whole of Mongolia, the land of Haxishen (Harqin) Otok, once under the control of Lord Bolai, became a part of the Yong Xie Department, one of the 30,000 households in Dayan Khan's right wing. The book records the origin of Mongolia. After the death of Dayan Khan, his grandson "Bayesha thorn (Le) occupies Otok Harqin, the seventh place in the Yong Xie Department", taking Harqin as the department name. Later, the Yongxiebu people were gradually merged by the Harqin people, so that the name Yongxiebu no longer exists in history. At that time, the nomadic land of Harqin was in the area north of Zhangjiakou.

/kloc-In the middle of the 6th century, threatened by alatan Khan, the Chahar Department moved eastward to the nomadic areas outside Liaodong, and the Harqin Department under Bayeshal occupied its original pasture. After the twenty-seventh year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1547), Harqin's nomadic land has been outside Fu Xuan (Xuanhua, Hebei), northeast Zhangjiakou, Dushikou and Kaiping (northwest Duolun, Inner Mongolia), and it has become the western neighbor of Wei Yan, the flower of Wuliangha. Since then, Wei Yan has been gradually integrated by the Harqin Department, and the ancient people of Wulianghamun have become important members of the Harqin Department.

The Harqin Department occupies the territory of many Mongolians in Wei Yan, and the historical process of their integration into the Harqin Department is the Harqin Department recorded in the Biography of Harqin Department and the Legend of Mongolian Nomadic. Chen Yuanzha 'er gave birth to Jilama (Zhelemiao) at the beginning, and his surname was Wulianhan (Wulianha). Zuo Taizu (Genghis Khan) made great contributions to the world. Seven spread to Hetong (Huadang, Tong Guan), with 6,000 households, nomadic Ergun River, and a few days of Harqin. This is a new department of Harqin-the integration of Harqin Mongols and the ancient people of Wulianghamun. After the death of Qingbadu (son of Bayaxihale), the leader of Harqin Department, his six sons and six grandsons lost the power to control Duoyan. Finally, Subudi, a Mongolian in Wuliangha (who can't write fast, can't write fast, can't write fast) became the leader of the Harqin Department.

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the Harqin Department under the jurisdiction of Subudi was "harmed by Chahar Lidan Khan", and Tiancong was in the second year (1628), and negotiated an alliance with the latter Jin Dynasty. Tiancong took the medicine in the third year (1629). In the ninth year of Tiancong (1635), the Harqin part was left and right, Subudi Guluqibu (the fifth grandson of a river boy) held the Harqin right-wing flag, and Sesuo (the fourth grandson of a river boy) held the Harqin left-wing flag. In the forty-fourth year of Kangxi (1705), Gejiaoer was named Zasak, and the middle banner of Karaqin was newly established.

In the Qing Dynasty, the biography of the prince of Mongolia recorded the range of the Harqin department stationed in the pasture. "Harqin department outside xifengkou, to the capital in seven hundred and sixty miles, five hundred miles from east to west, four hundred and fifty miles from north to south. East to Tumote and Aohan, west to Chahar Zhenglan Banner Ranch, south to Shengjing Wall, and north to Wengniute Banner. Lingyuan County, Harqin Left-wing Mongolian Autonomous County, Jianchang County, the south of Jianping County, and some counties bordering Chaoyang City in the west of Jinzhou City were once the places where the Mongolian people of Harqin Department grazed and lived. Their descendants constitute an important member of the Mongolian people in Liaoning Province.

3. Tumote, Tumote, the former Ministry of Mongolia. In the Ming Dynasty, Tumote Department became one of the 30,000 right-wing households of Dayan Khan (recorded as "full of officials and angry households" in the history books of the Ming Dynasty) and lived in Wulanchabu, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. After the death of Dayan Khan, thousands of Tumoters grazed and lived in places occupied by their grandchildren. One of his grandchildren, alatan Khan (an answer to the writing of Ming history), occupied 12 Tumote, which was later Guihua City (Hohhot), and his other grandson, Rabuktaiji, occupied Tumote's Wuxuxin, which was later the predecessor of East Tumote.

During Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, Mongolians in East Tumote have been nomadic outside the Great Wall. An anonymous author in the Ming Dynasty described what he saw and heard when he attacked Lu in Jiajing Jiaqing period (1544), and wrote: "Harqin! Explain that East Tumote Province and Harqin Province are stationed outside Fu Xuan.

During the period of Chahar Lidan Khan, both Tumut and Harqin were controlled by Lidan Khan. Ligudan Khan seized all the "subsidies" (subsidies) given by the Ming court to the ministries and controlled the border trade between the ministries and the Ming court. Therefore, in order to "avoid the invasion of Chahar (Lidan Khan)" (the right-wing article of Mongolian nomad Tumote), the feudal lords Gartu (the 18th grandson of Yuan Taizu) and Manggurdai (the 11th grandson of Zirama in Yuan Dynasty) moved to Tumote from Cheng Guihua. Tumote is the place where Mongolians lived from Guangning (Beizhen) to Ritaining, Liaohe. The original Wuliangye was self-righteous and had no hesitation. .

In the Qing Dynasty, the Tumote Department, which moved into Tumote, was stationed in pastoral areas and general offices. According to the biography of the Mongolian foreign ministry maharaja, the Tumote Department, outside xifengkou, traveled thousands of miles to the capital. The distance between east and west is 460 miles, and the distance between north and south is 10 mile. It is bounded in the east by Yangshimu Ranch (Yangxi Ranch, Zhangwu County, Liaoning Province), in the west by Harqin, in the south by Shengjing side wall (wicker edge), and in the north by calka Zuoyi and Aohan. Tumote is divided into two wings, with different surnames and the same shepherd. The main left wing is Chen Yuan Chirama (Jeremie). Since the Biography of Girama XIII, he is the best in Pakistan and has a close relationship with Harqin. The right wing comes from Yuan Taizu. From Nineteen Biographies of Yuan Taizu to Emubuchuhul, he gave birth to an ancient shepherd and became attached to Tumote, Cheng Guihua. "... The emergence of the above-mentioned left and right wings of Tumote was formed after the feudal Lord of Tumote, Huang Taiji, came to power in the third year of Jin Tiancong (1629). This ranch includes Chaoyang County, Beipiao County, Fuxin City and Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County in Liaoning Province. In this range, the descendants of Tumote Mongolians constitute the Mongolians in Chaoyang County, Beipiao County and Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County.

4. The ancestors of the Mongolians in Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County where Mongolians live in compact communities are mainly Mongolians. The Secret History of Mongolia in the Yuan Dynasty Meng Guole wrote Busy Love for Truth, which was called "Full Crown Righteousness", "Full Official Anger", "Violent Ancient Vibration" and "Mangguan Town" in the Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, there were translations of Mongolian Ji and Mongolian Zhen.

In the Ming Dynasty, "slam Chen" (translated by Guo Meng Lejin) was often used with Tumote or as a synonym for Tumote. Chen, a Manchu official, passed by or was a part of Tumote Department. Because the leader of Manchu official Chen, Huo Sha (The Origin of Mongolia is Kesaitabunang, or Hausitabunang), has a great reputation and high prestige, the Ming people only knew that Manchu official Chen didn't know Tumote, and once named the whole Tumote Department as Manchu official Chen.

During the period of Dayan Khan, Mongolezin, who belonged to Hosei, was enfeoffed to his fourth son, Arzu Borot. Alatan Khan (An Shan Khan), the Ministry became a subordinate department of Tumote. Alatan Khan's love for Huang Taiji led some Tumoters to ask the resident shepherds to stay outside Fu Xuan during the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, and Mongolian Guolejin joined him in animal husbandry. This situation lasted until the period of Emubuchuhul, the grandson of Aixin Emperor Taiji (Mongolian nomads called Gatu).

When Chahar was in Ridan Khan, he set his main account in the land north of Quang Ninh. In the first year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty and the second year of Tiancong in Jin Dynasty (1628), Li Dan Khan attacked the Harqin Department and Tumote Department outside Muxuan House with Mongolian Guolejin. The following year (1629), Harqin and Tumote, which grazed with it, joined the late Jin Dynasty. Mongolian Lejin followed Emurchuhul, the leader of Tumote Department at that time, and moved eastward to Chaoyang and Fuxin in the 171October 1920s. Living in Chaoyang area is one of the Tumote tribes headed by Emubuchuhul, and living in Fuxin area is the Mongolian Lejin Department, called Tumote.

/kloc-At the end of 0/6, Manggu (also known as Manggu), the descendant of Zilama, the minister of Wulianghayuan, moved from Harqin to East Tumote and became the owner of East Tumote. When the Mongols moved to East Tumote, they took refuge in Wuliangha. In the third year of Tiancong (1629), Shanba, the son of Mang Guldai, led the public against the Qing Dynasty. In the ninth year of Tiancong (1635), Zasak was created as Tumote Left Wing Banner. Tumd Zuoyi Banner governs the location of Mongolian Lejin Department, namely Fuxin area (excluding Zhangwu County).

5. The ancestor of Horqin Department is Habutu Hasal, the younger brother of Yuan Taizu (Genghis Khan). The 14th Sun Kui Meng Ke Ta Sha La Hathal moved from his hometown of Wonandong to Nenjiang River Valley in the middle of Ming Jiajing, and occupied the Fuyuwei Mongolian distribution around Wuliangha. Horqin "Aru" stayed in Hulunbeier (north) and moved to Horqin in Nenjiang (east), and "Nauwen" (Nen) Horqin.

By the end of 16, the Horqin Department of Nenjiang River expanded southward and merged Fuyuwei, one of Wuliangha Sanwei, located in the east of Zhangwu, Kangping and Changtu in Liaoning Province. In the late Jin Dynasty, the southern end of Horqin occupied the middle reaches of Liaohe River. During the years of Chongde and Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, Horqin Department successively compiled ten flags. Horqin left wing front, middle and rear three flags; The front, middle and rear flags of the right wing, the front and rear flags of Gorlos, and the Dulbert flag; Zalaite Banner. Among them, the descendants of Mongolians in Zuoyihou Banner of Horqin are Mongolians in Changtu and Kangping counties of Liaoning Province. The descendants of Mongolian in Horqin Left Front Banner are the main body of Mongolian in the north of Faku County and the northeast of Zhangwu County in Liaoning Province.

6. Chahar Department, descended from yuanshi county. During the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, he moved to the pasture outside Liaodong. Mongolian "Chahar" means "white". When Chahar was in Lidan Khan, his power increased greatly, and the main account of his ruling center was located in the north of Quang Ninh. In the eighth year of Jin Tiancong (1634), Li Dan Khan was defeated and died on the way to Qinghai. His son Kongor Itza led his army to surrender to Jin, was made a prince, and was placed outside Yizhou (Yixian).

In the early years of Shunzhi, the Qing Dynasty built Suluke Ranch in Zhangwu County, Liaoning Province. In the fourth year of Shunzhi (1647), 32 households 16 were recruited from the Eight Banners of Chahar, and ***236 people moved to the pasture "Suluke". Their descendants are part of the Mongols in Zhangwu County.

7. In the 26th year of the Qing Emperor Kangxi of the Eight Banners Mongolia (1687), the Qing government sent some of the Eight Banners Mongolian soldiers in Beijing and their families, together with the Eight Banners soldiers in Manchu and Han dynasties, to Shengjing (Shenyang) for garrison, and distributed them to Xinbin, Fengcheng and Xiuyan counties. The most common surnames of Mongolian descendants of Baqi in Xiuyan County are E, Bao, Qin, Bu and Ma. The descendants of the Mongols in the Eight Banners in Fengcheng County have surnames such as Hubei, Chen, Kang, Su, Dai, Bu, Bai, Chang, Ba, Xie, Han, He, Wu, Shi, Ai, Zhang, Wang, Li and Ma. The descendants of the Eight Banners Mongols have surnames such as Xinbin County, Song, Zhang, Zi, Wang and Shi. In addition, there is Bai surname, a descendant of the Eight Banners Mongols in Jinzhou District, Dalian.

8. Hu Ba's Hu Ba Department belongs to Mongolian nomadic Eight Banners. Nomadic outside Zhangjiakou in Qing Dynasty. Balkhu Department, called "Balkhuti Department" in Yuan Dynasty, first lived in the Balkujin River basin on the east bank of Lake Baikal in Russia. At the end of Ming and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, some Mongolian people in Hu Ba moved southward to the junction of Inner Mongolia and Outer Mongolia, belonging to the ministries of Outer Mongolia. In the twenty-seventh year of Kangxi (1688), the Junggar Department of Moxi Elut Mongolia defeated the third department of Kerkha, and Balhu Mongolia also belonged to the Qing Dynasty with Kerkha Mongolia, and was assigned to Zhangjiakou by the Qing court. In the 31st year of Kangxi (1692), the Qing government renewed the flag for Hu Ba people. In September of that year, more than 5,000 people from Hu Ba were recruited from Shengjing, including able-bodied men 1273 and assistant chief 10. In Shengjing, there are three assistants: Kaiyuan, Liaoyang, Xiong Yue, Fuzhou, Jinzhou, Xiuyan and Fenghuang. Kou, Shi, Bai and other Mongolians in Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County, Liaoning Province, Ma (Maka), Xie (Xie), Tao (Hun), He (Hexile), Wu, Ao (both Hexile), Mu (Muqide) and Bao (Baoer Geegon) in Fengcheng Manchu Autonomous County. They are all descendants of the Mongols in Hu Ba in the Qing Dynasty. Liaoyang and Xiong Yue also have some descendants of Hu Ba Mongols.

9. Kerkha Department Kerkha Department was once stationed in Uotok Kerkha in Liaohe River Basin, also known as necker Kerkha Department 5. The ancestor of this Kharka Five Department is the tiger thorn Hachi (also known as Ershuoqi Hasal Al Chuborot). After the death of Tiger Thorn and Hatch, the fifth part divided calka into five parts, namely Zalut, Bahrain, Onqingzite, Bayeurte and Uqilie.

Bayeurte, Zalute and Wengjichite of Kharka 5 once lived in Shenyang, Tieling and Kaiyuan under the jurisdiction of Liaodong Dusi in the Ming Dynasty, and they were related to some places in the northern boundary of Liaoning Province. Some of these three Mongolian descendants still live in Liaoning.

10. The genealogy of Du family in Ronghuashan Township, Zhuanghe County, a descendant of Mongols in Yuan Dynasty records: "The Du clan is the first. According to the Records of Ninghai Prefecture compiled in Ming Dynasty and the inscriptions of Yuan Dynasty discovered in Mu Ping, Shandong Province, both surnames are descendants of Chibi Caspian Sea and other places in Ninghai Prefecture in the early Yuan Dynasty. During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, he lived in Beitou Village, Jianggezhuang Town, Mu Ping County. Since the Qing Dynasty, some people moved to Zhuanghe, Jinzhou, Wafangdian, Pulandian and other places in Dalian to make a living. By1985 * *, there were 5,000 Du Shi Mongolians.

1 1, Salahi, a descendant of Saraximen, whose Chinese name is Xu. Originated in the Sahara of Tianshan North Road, Xinjiang, Mongolia. According to the genealogy of Saharans, Taizong and Taizong recruited four brothers of Saharans in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, three of whom were killed by the king ... After five years of Shunzhi in Dingding, the only founder, Gong Hui, was registered with the flag, was taken into custody by Moridazo, the official office of Shengjing, and then stationed in Liaoyang. In the eighth year of Shunzhi, he retired to agriculture and reclaimed land in Jiming Temple in the southeast of Liaoyang.

There are Mongolians surnamed Xu in Liaoyang, Anshan, Dalian, Jinzhou, Shenyang, Fuxin, Fushun, Benxi, Haicheng, Jinxi and Gaixian in Liaoning Province.

12, some Han people merged into one of the Mongols. In the Qing Dynasty, Han farmers in North China (inside Shanhaiguan Pass) went to Mongolia to make a living and reclaim land for farming due to natural and man-made disasters. According to the Records of Chaoyang County, after they arrived in Mongolia, they gradually merged into the Mongolian nation by "following the Mongolian flag, learning Mongolian language, learning Mongolian customs, entering Mongolia and marrying Mongolian women". There are such Mongolian descendants in the left-wing Mongolian Autonomous County of Harqin. According to "Guide to Mongolian Customs", "Han people join Mongols after engaging in agriculture" can be found in Zhuosuotu League, Zhaowuda League, Zhelimu League and many other places.

In the Qing dynasty, the royal princess married the Mongolian maharaja, accompanied by Han slaves, craftsmen and Han people who guarded the tomb of the Mongolian maharaja. With the passage of time, servants also integrated into the Mongols. Mongolian Li in Sijiazi Township of Faku County is Jin, Wang, Li, Zhao, Jia, Meng, He and Gao, commonly known as "Mongolian Eight Surnames". Princess Duan Rou got married and moved from Luanxian County, Hebei Province, during the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty. Their ancestors were slaves and craftsmen of Mongolian princes, and their descendants gradually became a member of the Mongols.